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200 results for “Genomic Resources”
Data from: Chlamydomonas genome resource for laboratory strains reveals a mosaic of sequence variation, identifies true strain histories, and enables strain-specific studies
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a widely used reference organism in studies of photosynthesis, cilia, and biofuels. Most research in this field uses a few dozen standard laboratory strains that are reported to share a common ancestry, but exhibit substantial phenotypic differences. In order to facilitate ongoing Chlamydomonas research and explain the phenotypic variation, we mapped the genetic diversity within these strains using whole-genome resequencing. We identified 524,640 single nucleotide variants and 4812 structural variants among 39 commonly used laboratory strains. Nearly all (98.2%) of the total observed genetic diversity was attributable to the presence of two, previously unrecognized, alternate haplotypes that are distributed in a mosaic pattern among the extant laboratory strains. We propose that these two haplotypes are the remnants of an ancestral cross between two strains with ∼2% relative divergence. These haplotype patterns create a fingerprint for each strain that facilitates the positive identification of that strain and reveals its relatedness to other strains. The presence of these alternate haplotype regions affects phenotype scoring and gene expression measurements. Here, we present a rich set of genetic differences as a community resource to allow researchers to more accurately conduct and interpret their experiments with Chlamydomonas.
Data from: "You are not what you eat: massive parallel sequencing reveals that gut microbiome is not diet-related in larval Dilophus febrilis (Diptera: Bibionidae)" in Genomic Resources Notes Accepted 1 June 2015 to 31 July 2015
This article documents the public availability of metagenome sequence data from 454 amplicon sequencing of larval dipteran gut (Dilophus febrilis) and their potential food sources dwarf shrub litter (Vaccinium gaultheroides), grass litter (Dactylis glomerata), and cow dung (Bos primigenius taurus).
Data from: Identifying homomorphic sex chromosomes from wild-caught adults with limited genomic resources
We demonstrate a genotyping-by-sequencing approach to identify homomorphic sex chromosomes and their homolog in a distantly related reference genome, based on noninvasive sampling of wild-caught individuals, in the moor frog Rana arvalis. Double-digest RADseq libraries were generated using buccal swabs from 30 males and 21 females from the same population. Search for sex-limited markers from the unfiltered data set (411 446 RAD tags) was more successful than searches from a filtered data set (33 073 RAD tags) for markers showing sex differences in heterozygosity or in allele frequencies. Altogether, we obtained 292 putatively sex-linked RAD loci, 98% of which point to male heterogamety. We could map 15 of them to the Xenopus tropicalis genome, all but one on chromosome pair 1, which seems regularly co-opted for sex determination among amphibians. The most efficient mapping strategy was a three-step hierarchical approach, where R. arvalis reads were first mapped to a low-coverage genome of Rana temporaria (17 My divergence), then the R. temporaria scaffolds to the Nanorana parkeri genome (90 My divergence), and finally the N. parkeri scaffolds to the X. tropicalis genome (210 My). We validated our conclusions with PCR primers amplifying part of Dmrt1, a candidate sex determination gene mapping to chromosome 1: a sex-diagnostic allele was present in all 30 males but in none of the 21 females. Our approach is likely to be productive in many situations where biological samples and/or genomic resources are limited.
Data from: "Transcriptomic resources for the critically endangered stellate sturgeon Acipenser stellatus" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 April 2015 – 31 May 2015
This article documents the public availability of transcriptomic resources of the non-model and critically endangered starlet sturgeon Acipenser stellatus.
Data from: Resource stability and geographic isolation are associated with genome divergence in western Palearctic crossbills
While many conifers produce annually variable seed crops, serotinous species (which hold seeds in cones for multiple years) represent unusually stable food resources for seed predators. Such stability is conducive to residency and potentially population divergence of consumers as exemplified by the Cassia crossbill (Loxia sinesciuris) in North America. We used genotyping-by-sequencing to test whether three Mediterranean subspecies of common crossbills (L. curvirostra) associated with the serotinous Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis) were more genetically distinct than European crossbills associated with non-serotinous conifers. We assembled a Cassia crossbill draft genome as a reference for mapping GBS reads, and as a first step towards a more contiguous genome assembly. We found clear patterns of genetic divergence for each of the P. halepensis-associated subspecies. Geographic isolation, as promoted by resource stability and residency, is associated with genetic divergence of two of these subspecies. However, geographic isolation cannot account for divergence of L. c. hispana. Instead, resource stability likely contributed to divergence by reducing dispersal and increasing resource competition that may limit breeding by immigrants. In contrast, we found no differentiation among common crossbills associated with less stable resources, and only slight differentiation between common crossbills and parrot crossbills (L. pytyopsittacus). The substantial morphological divergence between common and parrot crossbills has likely originated or been maintained by selection despite gene flow generated by spatiotemporal resource fluctuation. Our results indicate that phenological as well as morphological characteristics of conifers have influenced crossbill diversification, and suggest a possible link between resource stability and population divergence.
Data from: "Transcriptome resources for the marmot flea and plague vector, Oropsylla silantiewi" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 February 2014 to 31 March 2014
This article documents the public availability of raw transcriptome sequence data, 47,882 assembled unigenes as well as their functional annotations, and 13,052 deduced ORFs (open reading frame) of a plague vector Oropsylla silantiewi.
Data from: Resource base influences genome-wide DNA methylation levels in wild baboons (Papio cynocephalus)
Variation in resource availability commonly exerts strong effects on fitness-related traits in wild animals. However, we know little about the molecular mechanisms that mediate these effects, or about their persistence over time. To address these questions, we profiled genome-wide whole blood DNA methylation levels in two sets of wild baboons: (i) 'wild-feeding' baboons that foraged naturally in a savanna environment and (ii) 'Lodge' baboons that had ready access to spatially concentrated human food scraps, resulting in high feeding efficiency and low daily travel distances. We identified 1,014 sites (0.20% of sites tested) that were differentially methylated between wild-feeding and Lodge baboons, providing the first evidence that resource availability shapes the epigenome in a wild mammal. Differentially methylated sites tended to occur in contiguous stretches (i.e., in differentially methylated regions or DMRs), in promoters and enhancers, and near metabolism-related genes, supporting their functional importance in gene regulation. In agreement, reporter assay experiments confirmed that methylation at the largest identified DMR, located in the promoter of a key glycolysis-related gene, was sufficient to causally drive changes in gene expression. Intriguingly, all dispersing males carried a consistent epigenetic signature of their membership in a wild-feeding group, regardless of whether males dispersed into or out of this group as adults. Together, our findings support a role for DNA methylation in mediating ecological effects on phenotypic traits in the wild, and emphasize the dynamic environmental sensitivity of DNA methylation levels across the life course.
Data from: "NGS based generation of expressed sequence tags for Lymantria dispar and Lymantria monacha, two closely related lepidopteran species with different responses to parasitism by Glyptapanteles liparidis" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 December 2013 to 31 January 2014
Introduction: The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar, and the nun moth, Lymantria monacha, are closely related species (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae), co-seasonal and economically important forest pests on broadleaf and coniferous trees. In Central Europe, gypsy moth larvae are frequently parasitized by the gregarious, endoparasitic wasp Glyptapanteles liparidis (Hymenoptera, Braconidae). At oviposition, the female wasp injects between 10 and up to 100 eggs into the hemocoel of a single host larva, together with venom and calyx fluid containing polydnavirus (PDV) particles that subsequently play a critical role in suppressing the host immune response so that successful development of the parasitoid can proceed (Schopf 2007). These viruses, which are integrated in the genomic DNA of the wasp and undergo replication only in the female's ovary, rapidly enter host hemocytes, fat body, and nervous system following parasitization, and viral genes are expressed. In L. dispar larvae parasitized by G. liparidis, the host's hemocytes alter their behavior, fail to spread properly (thereby inhibiting the encapsulation response) and partly undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis), resulting in a dramatic drop in the host's total hemocyte number (Schafellner and Schläger 2009).
Supplementary Info for manuscript "A new genome sequence resource for five invasive fruit flies of agricultural concern: Ceratitis capitata, C. quilicii, C. rosa, Zeugodacus cucurbitae and Bactrocera zonata (Diptera, Tephritidae)" - F1000 Research
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Gene and Genome Resources for Three new Pseudogymnoascus species (Pseudeurotiaceae, Thelebolales) described from Antarctic soils
<p>Muscle alignments for ITS, LSU, MCM7, RPB2, AND TEF1.</p>
Data from: "Transcriptomic resources for five shrimp (Crustacea: Atyidae and Alpheidae) species from the anchialine ecosystem" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 June 2014 to 31 July 2014
[No abstract entered]
Data from: "Transcriptome sequences for Campanula gentilis" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 April 2015 – 31 May 2015
In this report, we present the transcriptome of a single accession of Campanula gentilis Kovanda, obtained through the sequencing of both a normalized and a non-normalized cDNA library generated from stem and leaf tissue. The resources we provide include the raw sequence reads, the assembled contigs, the putative open reading frames, the contig/ORF annotations and the normalized as well as non-normalized expression levels.
Data from: "RAD Sequencing for SNP Discovery in Two Populations of Bighorn Sheep (Ovis canadensis)" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 April 2013 - 31 May 2013
In this work we present the development of a large set of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) discovered in two populations of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis). To do so we used restriction-site associated DNA (RAD) sequencing of four individuals from each population. Through alignment of reads to the domestic sheep (Ovis aries) genome we discovered >83,000 SNPs, of which >38,000 are suitable for assays such as an Illumina SNP chip. These loci will allow for fine-mapping of loci associated with horn size, and examination of the consequences of the genetic rescue including mapping genes underling differences in life-history characteristics.
Data from: "Transcriptome sequencing of the Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae)" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 December 2013 to 31 January 2014
[No abstract filled]
Data from: "Comparative genomic resources for spiny lizards (genus Sceloporus)" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 August 2014-30 September 2014
To advance comparative genomic studies of the spiny fence lizards (genus Sceloprous), we provide the genomic annotations for 35 Sceloporus species.
Data from: "Transcriptome sequence identity between Lyme disease tick vectors, Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes ricinus" in Genomic Resources Notes accepted 1 April 2014 to 31 May 2014
Ixodes scapularis and I. ricinus transmit the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi in the U.S. and Europe, respectively. The only tick genome sequence available is that of I. scapularis, which constitutes a limitation for tick research. Recent evidences suggest that I. ricinus and I. scapularis transcriptomes share some degree of sequence identity. However, only the global transcriptome comparison reported here demonstrated that I. ricinus and I. scapularis share a 99.232±0.005 percent sequence identity with a very low frequency of INDELs. However, due to limitations of the current I. scapularis genome assembly, the number of aligned reads was only 26-27%. These results support the use of I. scapularis genome sequence as a reference for the analysis of I. ricinus transcriptomics and proteomics data, but addressing the limitations associated with the I. scapularis genome assembly.
Data from: Whole genome sequencing of elite rice cultivars as a comprehensive information resource for marker assisted selection
Current advances in sequencing technologies and bioinformatics revealed the genomic background of rice, a staple food for the poor people, and provided the basis to develop large genomic variation databases for thousands of cultivars. Proper analysis of this massive resource is expected to give novel insights into the structure, function, and evolution of the rice genome, and to aid the development of rice varieties through marker assisted selection or genomic selection. In this work we present sequencing and bioinformatics analyses of 104 rice varieties belonging to the major subspecies of Oryza sativa. We identified repetitive elements and recurrent copy number variation covering about 200 Mbp of the rice genome. Genotyping of over 18 million polymorphic locations within O. sativa allowed us to reconstruct the individual haplotype patterns shaping the genomic background of elite varieties used by farmers throughout the Americas. Based on a reconstruction of the alleles for the gene GBSSI, we could identify novel genetic markers for selection of varieties with high amylose content. We expect that both the analysis methods and the genomic information described here would be of great use for the rice research community and for other groups carrying on similar sequencing efforts in other crops.
Data from: Genomic evidence that resource-based trade-offs limit host-range expansion in a seed beetle
Trade-offs have often been invoked to explain the evolution of ecological specialization. Phytophagous insects have been especially well studied, but there has been little evidence that resource-based trade-offs contribute to the evolution of host specialization in this group. Here, we combine experimental evolution and partial genome resequencing of replicate seed beetle selection lines to test the trade-off hypothesis and measure the repeatability of evolution. Bayesian estimates of selection coefficients suggest that rapid adaptation to a poor host (lentil) was mediated by standing genetic variation at multiple genetic loci and involved many of the same variants in replicate lines. Sublines that were then switched back to the ancestral host (mung bean) showed a more gradual and variable (less repeatable) loss of adaptation to lentil. We were able to obtain estimates of variance effective population sizes from genome-wide differences in allele frequencies within and between lines. These estimates were relatively large, which suggests that the contribution of genetic drift to the loss of adaptation following reversion was small. Instead, we find that some alleles that were favored on lentil were selected against during reversion on mung bean, consistent with the genetic trade-off hypothesis.
Alliance of Genome Resources Gene Descriptions
<p>Tab separated formatted spreadsheets of automated gene descriptions from the Alliance of Genome Resources. Gene descriptions are generated by an algorithm developed by the Alliance that uses highly structured gene data such as associations to various ontology terms (e.g., Gene Ontology terms) and the Alliance strict orthology set. The original set of ontology terms that a gene is annotated to may have been trimmed to an ancestor term in the ontology in order to balance readability with the amount of information in the description.</p> <p>File includes annotations for the following organisms:</p> <ul> <li>Homo sapiens (human; NCBI:txid 9606)</li> <li>Caenorhabditis elegans (nematode; NCBI:txid 6239)</li> <li>Danio rerio (zebrafish;NCBI:txid 7955)</li> <li>Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly; NCBI:txid 7227)</li> <li>Mus musculus (mouse; NCBI:txid10090)</li> <li>Rattus norvegicus (rat; NCBI:txid 10116)</li> <li>Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast; NCBI:txid 559292)</li> <li>Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog; NCBI:txid 8355)</li> <li>Xenopus tropicalis (Western clawed frog; NCBI:txid 8364)</li> </ul>
Decipher Genomics Resource for Intelligent Discovery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02609269. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 25.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.