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MAVEN Magnetometer (MAG) Magnetic Field and Orbital Position, Sun-State and Payload Coordinates, Level 2 (L2), 1 s Data
The MAVEN Magnetic Field Investigation is Part of a comprehensive Particles and Fields Subsystem that will measure the Magnetic and Electric Fields and Plasma Environment of Mars and its Interaction with the Solar Wind. This Data Product includes Magnetic Field Observations in Sun-State and Payload Coordinates. Sun-State, SS, Coordinate System wherein the Primary Reference Vector, the X-axis, points from the Object, in this case Mars, to the Sun and the Secondary Reference Vector, the Y-axis, is in the Mars Orbit Plane, which is approximately opposite to Orbital Motion Direction, such that the Z-axis is Northward. The Observations Spacecraft Payload, PL, Coordinates are suitable for use in association with Measurements obtained by other Instruments on the Spacecraft. The Spacecraft Payload Coordinate System and the MAG Sensor Coordinate Systems are illustrated in Figure 21 of Connerney et al., 2015. The Text appearing here is also adapted from Connerney et al., 2015.
VEGA1 CRUISE MAGNETOMETER DATA
On Dec 15, 1984, the Vega spacecraft was launched to first flyby Venus at which time landers were released and then continue to a flyby of Halley. The magnetic field experiments MISCHA carried four fluxgate sensors, with three sensors mounted on a boom at the end of the solar panels and the fourth sensor mounted one meter closer. During the cruise phase, the TRASSA-1 mode of the instrument (1 vector/2.5 min) was used. The sensors were switched to the TRASSA-2 mode (1 vector/min) during the flyby which started roughly two days before the encounter. From 3 h before closest approach (CA) until 1 hour after CA, the HS-mode 1 vector/6s) and the DT-mode (1 vector/100ms) was used [DELVAETAL1991].
VOYAGER 2 SATURN MAGNETOMETER RESAMPLED DATA 9.60 SEC
This data set includes Voyager 2 Saturn encounter magnetometer data that have been resampled at a 9.6 second sample rate. The data set is composed of 6 columns: 1) ctime - this column contains the data acquisition time. The time is always output in the ISO standard spacecraft event time format (yyyy-mm-dd-Thh:mm:ss.sss) but is stored internally in Cline time which is measured in seconds after 00:00:00.000 Jan 01, 1966, 2) br - this column contains the radial component of the magnetic field, 3) bphi - this column contains the phi component of the magnetic field, 4) btheta - this column contains the theta component of the magnetic field, 5) bmag - this column contains the magnitude of the magnetic field, 6) flag - a flag value that indicates either software error or spacecraft hardware interference reduced confidence in this record (flag value of 1 is bad , 0 is good or unchecked). All magnetic field observations are measured in nanoTeslas. The coordinate system for this dataset is Minus Saturn Longitude System (-SLS). All of the magnetic field data are calibrated (see the instrument calibration description for more details). The SLS coordinate system is defined in Desch and Kaiser, 1981 and the reference documents for this dataset are: Ness et al, 1982 Acuna,Connerney,and Ness, 1983 Connerney,Acuna,and Ness, 1983 Behannon,Lepping,and Ness, 1983
PSP FIELDS Digital Fields Board (DFB) AC-coupled Searchcoil Magnetometer, SCM, Cross Spectra, d-component, e-component, High Gain, Sensor coordinates, Level 2 (L2), 0.873813 s Data
PSP FIELDS Digital Fields Board (DFB), XXX ⨯ YYY cross spectra data:The DFB is the low frequency, less than 75 kHz, component of the FIELDS experiment on the Parker Solar Probe spacecraft, see reference [1] below. For a full description of the FIELDS experiment, see reference [2]. For a description of the DFB, see reference [3].DFB AC cross spectra data for a pair of input channels consist of:* 1) Power spectral densities (auto spectra, e.g. FT₁ ⨯ FT₁*)* 2) Real and imaginary parts of the spectral cross term (FT₁ ⨯ FT₂*)* 3) Coherence* 4) Phasewhere all as a function of frequency and time. The last two terms are describedcoherence and phase are defined in [3].These cross spectra are averaged in both frequency and time as described in [3]. The cross spectra have either 56 or 96 bins (selectable) with the bin central frequencies reported in the metadata. The AC cross spectra are duty-cycled such that spectral averaging takes place over the first 1/8 of any given NYs (assuming a 1 NYs data cadence). Less data are averaged by 2^N for cadences faster than 1 NYs by 2^N. For cadences slower than 1 NYs, the first 1/8 of each NYs of data included are averaged together to form the reported data.The Level 2 data products contained in this data file have been calibrated for:* 1) The Hanning window used in the spectral calculation* 2) DFB in-band gain* 3) DFB analog filter gain response* 4) DFB digital filter gain response* 5) The search coil preamplifier response, when applicable* 6) The bandwidth of each spectral binNote that compensation for the DFB digital filters will introduce a non-physical positively sloped power trend at high frequencies when the non-corrected signal is dominated by noise. This effect should be examined carefully when determining spectral slopes and features at the highest frequencies. Calibrations for the FIELDS preamplifiers have not been implemented as the preamplifier response is flat and equal to one through the DFB frequency range. Corrections for plasma sheath impedance gain and antenna effective length have not been applied to voltage sensor signals. These corrections will be applied in the Level 3 DFB data products. Therefore, all voltage sensor quantities when present in these Level 2 data products are expressed by using units of Volts squared per Hertz. Likewise, all magnetic field quantities when present in these Level 2 data product are expressed by using units of nanoTesla squared per Hertz. The units for phase are degrees.The Level 2 voltage data products contained in this data file are expressed in sensor coordinates: e.g. dV12, dV34 for voltage measurements. For solar orbits 1 and 2, the search coil magnetometer cross spectra data are rotated into a non-intuitive coordinate system with components [d,e,f]. For solar orbits 3 and beyond, the magnetic field cross spectra data are expressed by using search coil magnetometer sensor coordinates with components [u,v,w].To rotate from [d,e,f] coordinates to [u,v,w] search coil sensor coordinates, use the following matrix, written in IDL notation, and the following equation: spectra_uvw_vector = R ## spectra_def_vector.R = [[ 0.46834856, -0.81336422 , 0.34509170] [ -0.66921924, -0.071546954, 0.73961249] [ -0.57688408, -0.57733845 , -0.57782790]]For some orbits, sufficient spectral information exists in the auto spectra and cross spectra to determine wave ellipticity, planarity, and wave normal angles. One method for accomplishing this is presented in reference [4].Time resolution of the DFB AC cross spectral data can vary by multiples of 2^N. During encounter (when PSP is within 0.25 AU of the Sun), cadence for the DFB AC cross spectra is typically 1 NYsecond [2]. Timestamps correspond to the center time of each window.References:* 1) Fox, N.J., Velli, M.C., Bale, S.D. et al., Space Sci Rev (2016) 204:7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1121401502116* 2) Bale, S.D., Goetz, K., Harvey, P.R. et al., Space Sci Rev (2016) 204:49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1121401602445* 3) Malaspina, D.M., Ergun, R.E., Bolton, M. et al., JGR Space Physics (2016), 121, 5088-5096. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022344* 4) Santolik, O., Parrot, M., Lefeuvre, F. Radio Science (2003), 38, 1010. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000RS002523
PSP FIELDS Digital Fields Board (DFB) DC-coupled Searchcoil Magnetometer, SCM, Cross Spectra, d-component, f-component, High Gain, Sensor coordinates, Level 2 (L2), 0.873813 s Data
PSP FIELDS Digital Fields Board (DFB), SCMXlfhg ⨯ SCMXlfhg cross spectra data:The DFB is the low frequency, less than 75 kHz, component of the FIELDS experiment on the Parker Solar Probe spacecraft, see reference [1] below. For a full description of the FIELDS experiment, see reference [2]. For a description of the DFB, see reference [3].DFB DC cross spectra data for a pair of input channels consist of:* 1) Power spectral densities (auto spectra, e.g. FT₁ ⨯ FT₁*)* 2) Real and imaginary parts of the spectral cross term (FT₁ ⨯ FT₂*)* 3) Coherence* 4) Phasewhere all as a function of frequency and time. The last two terms are describedcoherence and phase are defined in [3].These cross spectra are averaged in both frequency and time as described in [3]. The cross spectra have either 56 or 96 bins (selectable) with the bin central frequencies reported in the metadata.The Level 2 data products contained in this data file have been calibrated for:* 1) The Hanning window used in the spectral calculation* 2) DFB in-band gain* 3) DFB analog filter gain response* 4) DFB digital filter gain response* 5) The search coil preamplifier response, when applicable* 6) The bandwidth of each spectral binNote that compensation for the DFB digital filters will introduce a non-physical positively sloped power trend at high frequencies when the non-corrected signal is dominated by noise. This effect should be examined carefully when determining spectral slopes and features at the highest frequencies. Calibrations for the FIELDS preamplifiers have not been implemented as the preamplifier response is flat and equal to one through the DFB frequency range. Corrections for plasma sheath impedance gain and antenna effective length have not been applied to voltage sensor signals. These corrections will be applied in the Level 3 DFB data products. Therefore, all voltage sensor quantities when present in these Level 2 data products are expressed by using units of Volts squared per Hertz. Likewise, all magnetic field quantities when present in these Level 2 data product are expressed by using units of nanoTesla squared per Hertz. The units for phase are degrees.The Level 2 voltage data products contained in this data file are expressed in sensor coordinates: e.g. dV12, dV34 for voltage measurements. For solar orbits 1 and 2, the search coil magnetometer cross spectra data are rotated into a non-intuitive coordinate system with components [d,e,f]. For solar orbits 3 and beyond, the magnetic field cross spectra data are expressed by using search coil magnetometer sensor coordinates with components [u,v,w].To rotate from [d,e,f] coordinates to [u,v,w] search coil sensor coordinates, use the following matrix, written in IDL notation, and the following equation: spectra_uvw_vector = R ## spectra_def_vector.R = [[ 0.46834856, -0.81336422 , 0.34509170] [ -0.66921924, -0.071546954, 0.73961249] [ -0.57688408, -0.57733845 , -0.57782790]]For some orbits, sufficient spectral information exists in the auto spectra and cross spectra to determine wave ellipticity, planarity, and wave normal angles. One method for accomplishing this is presented in reference [4].Time resolution of the DFB DC cross spectral data can vary by multiples of 2^N. During encounter (when PSP is within 0.25 AU of the Sun), cadence for the DFB DC cross spectra is typically 30 NYseconds [2]. Timestamps correspond to the center time of each window.References:* 1) Fox, N.J., Velli, M.C., Bale, S.D. et al., Space Sci Rev (2016) 204:7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1121401502116* 2) Bale, S.D., Goetz, K., Harvey, P.R. et al., Space Sci Rev (2016) 204:49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1121401602445* 3) Malaspina, D.M., Ergun, R.E., Bolton, M. et al., JGR Space Physics (2016), 121, 5088-5096. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022344* 4) Santolik, O., Parrot, M., Lefeuvre, F. Radio Science (2003), 38, 1010. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000RS002523
MMS 4 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), Survey Mode, 32 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (32 samples/s), Level 2, Survey Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
MMS 2 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), Burst Mode, 8192 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (8192 samples/s), Level 2, Burst Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper for SCM can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
PSP FIELDS Digital Fields Board (DFB) Searchcoil Magnetometer, SCM, Burst Waveform, Level 2 (L2), 0.873813 s Data
PSP FIELDS Digital Fields Board (DFB), Differential Voltage data:The DFB is the low frequency, less than 75 kHz, component of the FIELDS experiment on the Parker Solar Probe spacecraft, see reference [1] below. For a full description of the FIELDS experiment, see reference [2]. For a description of the DFB, see reference [3].DFB burst waveform data consist of short bursts of time-series data from various FIELDS sensors. These data have been filtered by both analog and digital filters [3]. These data are pre-sorted by onboard competitive selection algorithms described in [3] before storage by FIELDS. A subset of this stored burst data is telemetered to Earth for scientist-selected regions of interest.The Level 2 data products contained in this data file have been calibrated for:* 1) DFB in-band gain* 2) DFB analog filter gain/phase response* 3) DFB digital filter phase response* 4) The search coil preamplifier gain/phase response, when applicableCalibrations for the FIELDS voltage sensor preamplifiers have not been implemented as the preamplifier response is flat and equal to one through the DFB frequency range. Corrections for plasma sheath impedance gain and antenna effective length have not been applied to voltage sensor signals. These corrections will be applied in the Level 3 DFB data products. Therefore, all voltage sensor quantities when present in these Level 2 data products are expressed by using units of Volts. Likewise, all magnetic field quantities when present in these Level 2 data products are expressed by using units of nT.The Level 2 voltage data products when present in these data files are expressed in sensor coordinates: [dV12,dV34] for voltage measurements. Likewise, the Level 2 search coil magnetomete data products when present in these data files are expressed in sensor coordinates: [u,v,w] for magnetic field measurements.The time resolution of the DFB burst waveform data can vary by multiples of 2^N. During encounter when PSP is within 0.25 AU of the Sun, the DFB burst waveform data cadence is typically 150,000 samples/s. This rate is the sample rate of the analog to digital converters, ADC, and data taken at this rate do not pass through a digital filter.References:* 1) Fox, N.J., Velli, M.C., Bale, S.D. et al., Space Sci Rev (2016) 204:7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1121401502116* 2) Bale, S.D., Goetz, K., Harvey, P.R. et al., Space Sci Rev (2016) 204:49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1121401602445* 3) Malaspina, D.M., Ergun, R.E., Bolton, M. et al., JGR Space Phys. (2016), 121, 5088-5096. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022344
MMS 1 Flux Gate Magnetometer (FGM) DC Magnetic Field, Level 2 (L2), Survey Mode, 8 or 16 Sample/s, v4/5 Data
The Fluxgate Magnetometers (FGM) on Magnetospheric Multiscale consist of a traditional Analog Fluxgate Magnetometer (AFG) and a Digital Fluxgate magnetometer (DFG). The dual magnetometers are operated as a single instrument providing a single intercalibrated data product. Range changes occur at different times on the two instruments so the gains checked each periapsis can be carried out unambiguously to apoapsis. Cross correlation of calibration parameters can separate causes of the any apparent calibration changes. Use of Electron Drift Instrument (EDI) to determine the field along the rotation axis allows accurate monitoring of the zero levels along the rotation axis. Prior to launch the magnetometers were calibrated at the Technical University, Braunschweig, except for the AFG magnetometers on MMS3 and MMS4, which were calibrated at UCLA. Both sets of sensors are operated for the entire MMS orbit, with slow survey (8 samples per second) outside of the Region of Interest (ROI), and fast survey (16 samples per second) inside the ROI. Within the ROI, burst mode data (128 samples per second) are also acquired. A detailed description of the MMS fluxgate magnetometers, including science objectives, instrument description, calibration, magnetic cleanliness program, and data flow can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11214-014-0057-3 (DOI 10.1007/s11214-014-0057-3). Additional information can also be found at http://www-spc.igpp.ucla.edu/ssc/mms (UCLA), and http://www.iwf.oeaw.ac.at/de/forschung/erdnaher-weltraum/mms/dfg (IWF, Graz). For the purpose of creating a unified FGM Level 2 data product, burst mode data is taken from DFG and survey mode data is taken from AFG. Because AFG and DFG are cross-calibrated on an orbit-averaged basis, small differences in offset may be observed between Level 2 burst and survey mode data. Consequently, any differences are within the error of the measurement. Based on preliminary analysis of the data, the absolute error within the Region of Interest (ROI) is estimated to be no more than 0.1 nT in the spin-plane, 0.15 nT along the spin-axis and 0.2 nT in total magnitude.
PSP FIELDS Digital Fields Board (DFB) AC-coupled Searchcoil Magnetometer, SCM, Spectra, Low Frequency, High Gain, d-component, Sensor coordinates, Level 2 (L2), 0.873813 s Data
PSP FIELDS Digital Fields Board, DFB, SCMdlfhg data:The DFB is the low frequency, less than 75 kHz, component of the FIELDS experiment on the Parker Solar Probe spacecraft, see reference [1] below. For a full description of the FIELDS experiment, see reference [2]. For a description of the DFB, see reference [3].DFB AC spectra data consist of power spectral densities as a function of frequency and time. These spectra are averaged over both frequency and time as described in [3]. The spectra have pseudo-logarithmically spaced frequency bins with the bin central frequencies reported in the metadata. The AC spectra are duty-cycled such that spectral averaging takes place over the first 1/8 of any given NYsecond when the data cadence is equal to one NYsecond. Less data are averaged by a factor of 2^N for data cadences that are faster than one NYsecond by 2^N. For cadences slower than one NYsecond, the first 1/8 of each NYsecond of data included are averaged together to construct the reported data.The Level 2 data products contained in this data file have been calibrated for:* 1) The Hanning window used in the spectral calculation* 2) DFB in-band gain* 3) DFB analog filter gain response* 4) DFB digital filter gain response* 5) The search coil preamplifier response, when applicable* 6) The bandwidth of each spectral binNote that compensation for the DFB digital filters will introduce a non-physical positively sloped power trend at high frequencies when the non-corrected signal is dominated by noise. This effect should be examined carefully when determining spectral slopes and features at the highest frequencies. Calibrations for the FIELDS preamplifiers have not been implemented as the preamplifier response is flat and equal to one through the DFB frequency range. Corrections for plasma sheath impedance gain and antenna effective length have not been applied to voltage sensor signals. These corrections will be applied in the Level 3 DFB data products. Therefore, all voltage sensor quantities when present in these Level 2 data products are expressed by using units of Volts squared per Hertz. Likewise, all magnetic field quantities when present in these Level 2 data product are expressed by using units of nanoTesla squared per Hertz.The Level 2 data products contained in this data file are expressed in sensor coordinates: e.g. dV12, dV34 for voltage measurements. For solar orbits 1 and 2, the search coil magnetometer spectral data are rotated into a non-intuitive coordinate system with components [d,e,f]. For solar orbits 3 and beyond, the magnetic field spectral data are in expressed in search coil magnetometer sensor coordinates with components [u,v,w].To rotate from [d,e,f] coordinates into [u,v,w] search coil sensor coordinates, use the following matrix, written in IDL notation, and the following equation: spectra_uvw_vector = R ## spectra_def_vector.R = [[ 0.46834856, -0.81336422 , 0.34509170] [ -0.66921924, -0.071546954, 0.73961249] [ -0.57688408, -0.57733845 , -0.57782790]]The time resolution of the DFB AC spectral data can vary by multiples of 2^N. During encounter when PSP is within 0.25 AU of the Sun, the DFB AC spectra data cadence is typically NYsecond NYsecond [2]. Timestamps correspond to the center time of each window.References:* 1) Fox, N.J., Velli, M.C., Bale, S.D. et al., Space Sci Rev (2016) 204:7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1121401502116* 2) Bale, S.D., Goetz, K., Harvey, P.R. et al., Space Sci Rev (2016) 204:49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1121401602445* 3) Malaspina, D.M., Ergun, R.E., Bolton, M. et al., JGR Space Physics (2016), 121, 5088-5096. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022344
PSP FIELDS Fluxgate Magnetometer (MAG) Magnetic Field Vectors, Radial-Tangential-Normal, RTN, Coordinates, Level 2 (L2), 1 min Data
Parker Solar Probe FIELDS Instrument Suite Fluxgate Magnetometer, MAG, Data: The time resolution of the MAG time series data varies with instrument mode ranging from 2.289 samples/s to 292.9 samples/s. These two data sampling rates corresponding to 2 samples or 256 samples per 0.874 s where 0.874 s is equal to 2^25 divided 38.4 MHz. See reference [2] for a complete explanation of the MAG instrument sampling methodology. The Magnetometer has four ranges: ±1024 nT, ±4096 nT, ±16,384 nT, and ±65,536 nT. The Magnetometer Range is selected by an algorithm based on the strength of the ambient magnetic field. The magnetic field measurement precision is ±15 bits, based on the 16-bit Analog to Digital Converter, ADC.References:* 1. Fox, N.J., Velli, M.C., Bale, S.D. et al. Space Sci Rev (2016) 204: 7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0211-6* 2. Bale, S.D., Goetz, K., Harvey, P.R. et al. Space Sci Rev (2016) 204: 49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-016-0244-5
VOYAGER 2 JUPITER MAGNETOMETER RESAMPLED DATA 9.60 SEC
This data set includes Voyager 2 Jupiter encounter magnetometer data that have been resampled at a 9.6 second sample rate. The data set is composed of 6 columns: 1) ctime - this column contains the data acquisition time. The time is always output in the ISO standard spacecraft event time format (yyyy-mm-dd-Thh:mm:ss.sss) but is stored internally in Cline time which is measured in seconds after 00:00:00.000 Jan 01, 1966, 2) br - this column contains the radial component of the magnetic field, 3) bphi - this column contains the phi component of the magnetic field, 4) btheta - this column contains the theta component of the magnetic field, 5) bmag - this column contains the magnitude of the magnetic field, 6) flag - a flag value that indicates either software error or spacecraft hardware interference reduced confidence in this record (flag value of 1 is bad , 0 is good or unchecked). All magnetic field observations are measured in nanoTeslas. The coordinate system for this dataset is Minus System III. All of the magnetic field data are calibrated (see the instrument calibration description for more details). The Jupiter System III coordinate system is defined in Dessler 1983 and the reference documents for this dataset are: Ness et al, 1979A Lepping et al, 1981 Connerney,Acuna,Ness, 1981 Behannon,Burlaga,Ness, 1981
ACE Weimer Propagated 60 s Resolution Tri-axial Fluxgate Magnetometer in GSM Coordinates
ACE Weimer propagated solar wind data and linearly interpolated to have the measurements on the minute at 60 s resolution tri-axial fluxgate magnetometer data in GSM coordinates. This data set consists of propagated solar wind data that has first been propagated to a position just outside of the nominal bow shock (about 17, 0, 0 Re) and then linearly interpolated to 1 min resolution using the interp1.m function in MATLAB. The input data for this data set is a 1 min resolution processed solar wind data constructed by Dr. J.M. Weygand. The method of propagation is similar to the minimum variance technique and is outlined in Dan Weimer et al. [2003; 2004]. The basic method is to find the minimum variance direction of the magnetic field in the plane orthogonal to the mean magnetic field direction. This minimum variance direction is then dotted with the difference between final position vector minus the original position vector and the quantity is divided by the minimum variance dotted with the solar wind velocity vector, which gives the propagation time. This method does not work well for shocks and minimum variance directions with tilts greater than 70 degrees of the sun-earth line. This data set was originally constructed by Dr. J.M. Weygand for Prof. R.L. McPherron, who was the principle investigator of two National Science Foundation studies: GEM Grant ATM 02-1798 and a Space Weather Grant ATM 02-08501. These data were primarily used in superposed epoch studies References: Weimer, D. R. (2004), Correction to ‘‘Predicting interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) propagation delay times using the minimum variance technique,’’ J. Geophys. Res., 109, A12104, doi:10.1029/2004JA010691. Weimer, D.R., D.M. Ober, N.C. Maynard, M.R. Collier, D.J. McComas, N.F. Ness, C. W. Smith, and J. Watermann (2003), Predicting interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) propagation delay times using the minimum variance technique, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 1026, doi:10.1029/2002JA009405.
MMS 4 Flux Gate Magnetometer (FGM) DC Magnetic Field, Level 2 (L2), Survey Mode, 8 or 16 Sample/s, v4/5 Data
The Fluxgate Magnetometers (FGM) on Magnetospheric Multiscale consist of a traditional Analog Fluxgate Magnetometer (AFG) and a Digital Fluxgate magnetometer (DFG). The dual magnetometers are operated as a single instrument providing a single intercalibrated data product. Range changes occur at different times on the two instruments so the gains checked each periapsis can be carried out unambiguously to apoapsis. Cross correlation of calibration parameters can separate causes of the any apparent calibration changes. Use of Electron Drift Instrument (EDI) to determine the field along the rotation axis allows accurate monitoring of the zero levels along the rotation axis. Prior to launch the magnetometers were calibrated at the Technical University, Braunschweig, except for the AFG magnetometers on MMS3 and MMS4, which were calibrated at UCLA. Both sets of sensors are operated for the entire MMS orbit, with slow survey (8 samples per second) outside of the Region of Interest (ROI), and fast survey (16 samples per second) inside the ROI. Within the ROI, burst mode data (128 samples per second) are also acquired. A detailed description of the MMS fluxgate magnetometers, including science objectives, instrument description, calibration, magnetic cleanliness program, and data flow can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11214-014-0057-3 (DOI 10.1007/s11214-014-0057-3). Additional information can also be found at http://www-spc.igpp.ucla.edu/ssc/mms (UCLA), and http://www.iwf.oeaw.ac.at/de/forschung/erdnaher-weltraum/mms/dfg (IWF, Graz). For the purpose of creating a unified FGM Level 2 data product, burst mode data is taken from DFG and survey mode data is taken from AFG. Because AFG and DFG are cross-calibrated on an orbit-averaged basis, small differences in offset may be observed between Level 2 burst and survey mode data. Consequently, any differences are within the error of the measurement. Based on preliminary analysis of the data, the absolute error within the Region of Interest (ROI) is estimated to be no more than 0.1 nT in the spin-plane, 0.15 nT along the spin-axis and 0.2 nT in total magnitude.
MMS 2 Flux Gate Magnetometer (FGM) DC Magnetic Field, Level 2 (L2), Burst Mode, 128 Sample/s, v4/5 Data
The Fluxgate Magnetometers (FGM) on Magnetospheric Multiscale consist of a traditional Analog Fluxgate Magnetometer (AFG) and a Digital Fluxgate magnetometer (DFG). The dual magnetometers are operated as a single instrument providing a single intercalibrated data product. Range changes occur at different times on the two instruments so the gains checked each periapsis can be carried out unambiguously to apoapsis. Cross correlation of calibration parameters can separate causes of the any apparent calibration changes. Use of Electron Drift Instrument (EDI) to determine the field along the rotation axis allows accurate monitoring of the zero levels along the rotation axis. Prior to launch the magnetometers were calibrated at the Technical University, Braunschweig, except for the AFG magnetometers on MMS3 and MMS4, which were calibrated at UCLA. Both sets of sensors are operated for the entire MMS orbit, with slow survey (8 samples per second) outside of the Region of Interest (ROI), and fast survey (16 samples per second) inside the ROI. Within the ROI, burst mode data (128 samples per second) are also acquired. A detailed description of the MMS fluxgate magnetometers, including science objectives, instrument description, calibration, magnetic cleanliness program, and data flow can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11214-014-0057-3 (DOI 10.1007/s11214-014-0057-3). Additional information can also be found at http://www-spc.igpp.ucla.edu/ssc/mms (UCLA), and http://www.iwf.oeaw.ac.at/de/forschung/erdnaher-weltraum/mms/dfg (IWF, Graz). For the purpose of creating a unified FGM Level 2 data product, burst mode data is taken from DFG and survey mode data is taken from AFG. Because AFG and DFG are cross-calibrated on an orbit-averaged basis, small differences in offset may be observed between Level 2 burst and survey mode data. Consequently, any differences are within the error of the measurement. Based on preliminary analysis of the data, the absolute error within the Region of Interest (ROI) is estimated to be no more than 0.1 nT in the spin-plane, 0.15 nT along the spin-axis and 0.2 nT in total magnitude.
THEMIS-C: Search Coil Magnetometer 1/8s, 1/128s and 1/8192s Data
THEMIS-C: Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) magnetic field measurements. Includes FAST SURVEY, PARTICLE BURST and WAVE BURST data. FAST SURVEY (SCF): 1/8 second time resolution. PARTICLE BURST (SCP): 1/128 second time resolution; only short bursts of data. WAVE BURST (SCW): 1/8192 second time resolution; only short bursts of data. Sensor and electronics design provided by LPP, Roux and Le Contel. SCM Telemetry Modes (Only first 3 apply to level 2 SCM products): +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ Fast Survey (scf) Waveform data for the 3 SCM components; sampling rate between 2 and 256 S/s, nominal value is 8. Particle Burst (scp) Waveform data nominally at 128 S/s. Wave Burst (scw) Waveform data nominally at 8192 S/s. Filter Bank (fbk)^ Mean signal value over 6 frequency bands (4-2 kHz, 1-0.5 kHz, 256-128 Hz, 64-32 Hz, 16-8 Hz. Particle Burst Spectra (ffp)^^ Compressed FFT spectra in 16, 32, or 64 frequency bins; sampling between 1/4 to 8 S/s. Wave Burst Spectra (ffw)^^ Compressed FFT spectra in 16, 32, or 64 frequency bins; sampling between 1/4 to 8 S/s. +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ * ^Only two available inputs between all 3 SCM and 12 EFI data signals. * ^^Only four available inputs between 3 SCM and 16 other data signals.
STEREO-B In-Situ Measurements of Particles and CME Transients (IMPACT) Fluxgate Magnetometer (MAG) Burst Mode, Magnetic Field Vector, Radial-Tangential-Normal (RTN) Coordinates, Level 1 (L1), 31 ms Data
This data product contains Level 1 0.03125-s or 32 Hz burst-mode values of solar wind magnetic field data measured by the IMPACT Magnetometer on STEREO-B in Radial-Tangential-Normal, RTN, coordinates.
MMS 2 Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field Level 2 (L2), Survey Mode, 32 Sample/s Data
Search Coil Magnetometer (SCM) AC Magnetic Field (32 samples/s), Level 2, Survey Mode Data. The tri-axial Search-Coil Magnetometer with its associated preamplifier measures three-dimensional magnetic field fluctuations. The analog magnetic waveforms measured by the SCM are digitized and processed inside the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), collected and stored by the Central Instrument Data Processor (CIDP) via the Fields Central Electronics Box (CEB). Prior to launch, all SCM Flight models were calibrated by LPP team members at the National Magnetic Observatory, Chambon-la-Foret (Orleans). Once per orbit, each SCM transfer function is checked thanks to the onboard calibration signal provided by the DSP. The SCM is operated for the entire MMS orbit in survey mode. Within scientific Regions Of Interest (ROI), burst mode data are also acquired as well as high speed burst mode data. This SCM data set corresponds to the AC magnetic field waveforms in nanoTesla and in the GSE frame. The SCM instrument paper can be found at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-014-0096-9 and the SCM data product guide at https://lasp.colorado.edu/mms/sdc/public/datasets/fields/.
Geotail Weimer Propagated using LEP 60 s Resolution Tri-axial Fluxgate Magnetometer in GSM Coordinates
Geotail Weimer propagated solar wind data using LEP and linearly interpolated to have the measurements on the minute at 60 s resolution tri-axial fluxgate magnetometer data in GSM coordinates. This data set consists of propagated solar wind data that has first been propagated to a position just outside of the nominal bow shock (about 17, 0, 0 Re) and then linearly interpolated to 1 min resolution using the interp1.m function in MATLAB. The input data for this data set is a 1 min resolution processed solar wind data constructed by Dr. J.M. Weygand. The method of propagation is similar to the minimum variance technique and is outlined in Dan Weimer et al. [2003; 2004]. The basic method is to find the minimum variance direction of the magnetic field in the plane orthogonal to the mean magnetic field direction. This minimum variance direction is then dotted with the difference between final position vector minus the original position vector and the quantity is divided by the minimum variance dotted with the solar wind velocity vector, which gives the propagation time. This method does not work well for shocks and minimum variance directions with tilts greater than 70 degrees of the sun-earth line. This data set was originally constructed by Dr. J.M. Weygand for Prof. R.L. McPherron, who was the principle investigator of two National Science Foundation studies: GEM Grant ATM 02-1798 and a Space Weather Grant ATM 02-08501. These data were primarily used in superposed epoch studies. References: Weimer, D. R. (2004), Correction to ‘‘Predicting interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) propagation delay times using the minimum variance technique,’’ J. Geophys. Res., 109, A12104, doi:10.1029/2004JA010691. Weimer, D.R., D.M. Ober, N.C. Maynard, M.R. Collier, D.J. McComas, N.F. Ness, C. W. Smith, and J. Watermann (2003), Predicting interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) propagation delay times using the minimum variance technique, J. Geophys. Res., 108, 1026, doi:10.1029/2002JA009405.
VOYAGER 2 SATURN MAGNETOMETER RESAMPLED DATA 48.0 SEC
This data set includes Voyager 2 Saturn encounter magnetometer data that have been resampled at a 48.0 second sample rate. The data set is composed of 6 columns: 1) ctime - this column contains the data acquisition time. The time is always output in the ISO standard spacecraft event time format (yyyy-mm-dd-Thh:mm:ss.sss) but is stored internally in Cline time which is measured in seconds after 00:00:00.000 Jan 01, 1966, 2) br - this column contains the radial component of the magnetic field, 3) bphi - this column contains the phi component of the magnetic field, 4) btheta - this column contains the theta component of the magnetic field, 5) bmag - this column contains the magnitude of the magnetic field, 6) flag - a flag value that indicates either software error or spacecraft hardware interference reduced confidence in this record (flag value of 1 is bad , 0 is good or unchecked). All magnetic field observations are measured in nanoTeslas. The coordinate system for this dataset is Minus Saturn Longitude System (-SLS). All of the magnetic field data are calibrated (see the instrument calibration description for more details). The SLS coordinate system is defined in Desch and Kaiser, 1981 and the reference documents for this dataset are: Ness et al, 1982 Acuna,Connerney,and Ness, 1983 Connerney,Acuna,and Ness, 1983 Behannon,Lepping,and Ness, 1983
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Allen Brain Atlas
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