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5,448 results for “Neuron”
Dataset Non-shared coding of observed and executed actions prevails in macaque ventral premotor mirror neurons
<p>This dataset is related to "Non-shared coding of observed and executed actions prevails in macaque ventral premotor mirror neurons".</p>
Overlapping representations of food and social stimuli in VTA dopamine neurons
<p>2-photon imaging and behavioral data accompanying publication of "Overlapping representations of food and social stimuli in VTA dopamine neurons" (Lindsay Willmore, Adelaide Minerva, Ben Engelhard, Brenna McMannon, Nirja Oak, Stephan Thiberge, Malavika Murugan, Catherine Jensen Pena, Ilana Witten). This dataset contains all information required to recreate figures from the paper. </p>
Dual receptive fields underlying target and wide-field motion sensitivity in looming sensitive descending neurons
<p><span>Many animals use motion vision information to control dynamic behaviors. Predatory animals, for example, show an exquisite ability to detect rapidly moving prey followed by pursuit and capture. Such target detection is not only used by predators but can also play an important role in conspecific interactions. Male hoverflies (<em>Eristalis</em> <em>tenax</em>), for example, vigorously defend their territories against conspecific intruders. Visual target detection is believed to be subserved by specialized target-tuned neurons that are found in a range of species, including cats, zebrafish, and insects. However, how these target-tuned neurons respond to actual pursuit trajectories is currently not well understood. To redress this, we recorded extracellularly from target selective descending neurons (TSDNs) in male <em>Eristalis</em> <em>tenax</em> hoverflies. We show that the neurons have dorso-frontal receptive fields, with a preferred direction up and away from the visual midline. We next reconstructed visual flow-fields as experienced during pursuits of artificial targets (black beads). We recorded TSDN responses to six reconstructed pursuits and found that each neuron responded consistently at remarkably specific time points, but that these time points differed between neurons. We compared the observed spike probability with the spike probability predicted from each neuron's receptive field and size tuning and found a correlation coefficient of 0.35. Interestingly, however, the overall response rate was low, with individual neurons responding to only a small part of each reconstructed pursuit. In contrast, the TSDN population responded to a substantially larger proportion of the pursuits (up to a median of 23%). This large variation between neurons could be useful if different neurons control different parts of the behavioral output.</span></p>
A single neuron in C. elegans orchestrates multiple motor outputs through parallel modes of transmission
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Animals generate a wide range of highly coordinated motor outputs, which allows them to execute purposeful behaviors. Individual neurons in the circuits that generate behaviors have a remarkable capacity for flexibility, as they exhibit multiple axonal projections, transmitter systems, and modes of neural activity. How these multi-functional properties of neurons enable the generation of adaptive behaviors remains unknown. Here we show that the HSN neuron in <em>C. elegans</em> evokes multiple motor programs over different timescales to enable a suite of behavioral changes during egg-laying. Using HSN activity perturbations and in vivo calcium imaging, we show that HSN acutely increases egg-laying and locomotion while also biasing the animals towards low-speed dwelling behavior over minutes. The acute effects of HSN on egg-laying and high-speed locomotion are mediated by separate sets of HSN transmitters and different HSN axonal projections. The long-lasting effects on dwelling are mediated by HSN release of serotonin that is taken up and re-released by NSM, another serotonergic neuron class that directly evokes dwelling. Our results show how the multi-functional properties of a single neuron allow it to induce a coordinated suite of behaviors and also reveal that neurons can borrow serotonin from one another to control behavior.</span></p>
Hoverfly (Eristalis tenax) descending neurons respond to pursuits of artificial targets
<p><span>Many animals use motion vision information to control dynamic behaviors. Predatory animals, for example, show an exquisite ability to detect rapidly moving prey followed by pursuit and capture. Such target detection is not only used by predators but can also play an important role in conspecific interactions. Male hoverflies (<em>Eristalis</em> <em>tenax</em>), for example, vigorously defend their territories against conspecific intruders. Visual target detection is believed to be subserved by specialized target-tuned neurons that are found in a range of species, including vertebrates and arthropods. However, how these target-tuned neurons respond to actual pursuit trajectories is currently not well understood. To redress this, we recorded extracellularly from target selective descending neurons (TSDNs) in male <em>Eristalis</em> <em>tenax</em> hoverflies. We show that the neurons have dorso-frontal receptive fields, with a preferred direction up and away from the visual midline, with a clear division into a TSDN<sub>Left</sub> and a TSDN<sub>Right</sub> cluster. We next reconstructed visual flow-fields as experienced during pursuits of artificial targets (black beads). We recorded TSDN responses to six reconstructed pursuits and found that each neuron responded consistently at remarkably specific time points, but that these time points differed between neurons. We found that the observed spike probability was correlated with the spike probability predicted from each neuron's receptive field and size tuning. Interestingly, however, the overall response rate was low, with individual neurons responding to only a small part of each reconstructed pursuit. In contrast, the TSDN<sub>Left</sub> and TSDN<sub>Right</sub> populations responded to substantially larger proportions of the pursuits, but with lower probability. This large variation between neurons could be useful if different neurons control different parts of the behavioral output.</span></p>
Dataset supporting: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) triggers dose-dependent homeostatic rewiring in recurrent neuronal networks
<p>This dataset supports the Figures in the preprint: 'Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) triggers dose-dependent homeostatic rewiring in recurrent neuronal networks' by Anil et. al., <a href="https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.03.20.533396v1">2023</a>.</p> <p>The code used to genrate this data can be found on the github repository: <a href="https://github.com/swathianil">swathianil </a><a href="https://github.com/swathianil/homeostatic_structural_plasticity_rTMS"> /homeostatic_structural_plasticity_rTMS</a>.</p> <p>To interactively regenerate the figures, follow the Jupyter notebook, GraphPlotter, available in the repository.</p>
Data from: Scn2a insufficiency alters spontaneous neuronal Ca2+ activity in somatosensory cortex during wakefulness
<p class="MsoNormal">SCN2A protein-truncating variants (PTV) can result in neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability, but they are less likely to cause epilepsy in comparison to missense variants. While<em> <span>i</span>n vitro </em>studies showed PTV reduce action potential firing, consequences at <em>in vivo</em> network level remain elusive. Here, we generated a mouse model of Scn2a insufficiency using antisense oligonucleotides (Scn2a ASO mice), which recapitulated key clinical feature of SCN2A PTV disorders. Simultaneous two-photon <span>Ca<sup>2+</sup></span> imaging and electrocorticography (ECoG) in awake mice showed that spontaneous <span>Ca<sup>2+</sup></span> transients in somatosensory cortical neurons, as well as their pairwise co-activities were generally decreased in Scn2a ASO mice during spontaneous awake state and induced seizure state. The reduction of neuronal activities and paired co-activity are mechanisms associated with motor, social and cognitive deficits observed in our mouse model of severe Scn2a insufficiency, indicating these are likely mechanisms driving SCN2A PTV pathology.</p>
Depolarization block in olfactory sensory neurons expands the dimensionality of odor encoding
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Working memory capacity of crows and monkeys arises from similar neuronal computations
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Annotated spiral ganglion neuron training data for object detection
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A single neuron in C. elegans orchestrates multiple motor outputs through parallel modes of transmission
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Data from: Functional PET/MRI reveals active inhibition of neuronal activity during optogenetic activation of the nigrostriatal pathway
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Microtubule retrograde flow retains neuronal polarization in a fluctuating state
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Molecular and electrophysiological features of GABAergic neurons in the dentate gyrus reveal limited homology with cortical interneurons
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Data from: Global change in brain state during spontaneous and forced walk in Drosophila is composed of combined activity patterns of different neuron classes
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Genetic polymorphisms in COMT and BDNF influence synchronization dynamics of human neuronal oscillations
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Data from: An evolutionary loss of parental care in stickleback is associated with differences in the activity, but not the number, of neuropeptidergic neurons in the preoptic area
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Data from: Cntnap2 loss drives striatal neuron hyperexcitability and behavioral inflexibility
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Patch-clamp recordings from dorsal raphe neurons
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Synaptic basis of feature selectivity in hippocampal neurons
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ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.