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Fig. 6. Female spinnerets and genitals. a–c in First records and a new genus of comb-tailed spiders (Araneae: Hahniidae) from Thailand with comments on the six-eyed species of this family

Fig. 6. Female spinnerets and genitals. a–c. Hahnia ngai sp. nov., holotype (RMNH.ARA.18415). a. Spinnerets, ventral view. b. Epigynum, cleared, dorsal view. c. Ventral view. d–f. Hahnia saccata Zhang, Li & Zheng, 2011 (RMNH.ARA.18412). d. Spinnerets, ventral view. e. Epigynum, cleared, dorsal view. f. Ventral view. Scale bars: a, d–f = 0.25 mm; b–c = 0.1 mm.

Fig. 5. Hahnia saccata Zhang, Li in First records and a new genus of comb-tailed spiders (Araneae: Hahniidae) from Thailand with comments on the six-eyed species of this family

Fig. 5. Hahnia saccata Zhang, Li & Zheng, 2011, ♀ (RMNH.ARA.18412). a–c. Habitus. a. Ventral view. b. Lateral view. c. Dorsal view. d. Prosoma, anterior view. e. Chelicerae, posterior view. f–g. Epigynum. f. Dorsal view, cleared. g. Ventral view. Scale bars: a–c = 1.0 mm; d = 0.50 mm; e–g = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 8 in First records and a new genus of comb-tailed spiders (Araneae: Hahniidae) from Thailand with comments on the six-eyed species of this family

Fig. 8. Map of mainland Southeast Asia, showing the collecting sites of Zhang et al. (2011) (Hahnia saccata Zhang, Li & Zheng, 2011 and Hexamatia senaria (Zhang, Li & Zheng, 2011) gen. et comb. nov.), circle; and our new hahniid specimens (Hexamatia seekhaow gen. et sp. nov., Hahnia ngai sp. nov. and Hahnia saccata), square.

Fig. 7 in First records and a new genus of comb-tailed spiders (Araneae: Hahniidae) from Thailand with comments on the six-eyed species of this family

Fig. 7. Examples of eye reduction in the Hahniidae Bertkau, 1878. a. Eight eyes with minute AME, Alistra myops (Simon, 1898); modified from Schiapelli & Gerschman de P. 1959. b–d. Six eyes. b. Amaloxenops vianai Schiapelli & Gerschman, 1958; modified from Schiapelli & Gerschman de P. 1958. c. Scotospilus longus Zhang, Li & Pham, 2013; modified from Zhang et al. 2013. d. Hexamatia seekhaow gen. et sp. nov. e–f. No eyes, Iberina mazarredoi Simon, 1881; modified from Fernández- Pérez et al. 2014. Scale bars: a–d = 0.1 mm; e–f = 0.5 mm.

Fig. 4 in First records and a new genus of comb-tailed spiders (Araneae: Hahniidae) from Thailand with comments on the six-eyed species of this family

Fig. 4. Hahnia ngai sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (RMNH.ARA.18415). a–c. Habitus. a. Ventral view. b. Lateral view. c. Dorsal view. d. Prosoma, anterior view. e. Chelicerae, posterior view. f–g. Epigynum. f. Dorsal view, cleared. g. Ventral view. Scale bars: a–c = 1.0 mm; d–e, g = 0.25 mm; f = 0.1 mm.

Figs 20–23. Raunolina spp. 20–22 – R in First record of the genus Raunolina (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Caliscelidae) from tropical Africa with description of two new species from Sudan and Saudi Arabia

Figs 20–23. Raunolina spp. 20–22 – R. circularis (Linnavuori, 1952), holotype. 23 – R. arabica (Gnezdilov & Wilson, 2006). 20 – left wing; 21 – right wing; 22, 23 – head, pro- and mesonotum, dorsal view.

Figs 1–4. Raunolina species, dorsal view. 1–2 – R in First record of the genus Raunolina (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Caliscelidae) from tropical Africa with description of two new species from Sudan and Saudi Arabia

Figs 1–4. Raunolina species, dorsal view. 1–2 – R. remanei sp. nov., paratypes (1 – female; 2 – male); 3 – R. jeddahica sp. nov., holotype; 4 – R. circularis (Linnavuori, 1952), holotype (dissected).

Figs 13–19 in First record of the genus Raunolina (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Caliscelidae) from tropical Africa with description of two new species from Sudan and Saudi Arabia

Figs 13–19. Raunolina remanei sp. nov., holotype, male genitalia. 13 – penis, ventral view; 14 – penis, lateral view; 15 – pygofer, lateral view; 16 – style, lateral view; 17 – capitulum of style, dorsal view; 18 – anal tube, lateral view; 19 – anal tube, dorsal view. Abbreviations: apc – apical part of capitulum of style; phlt – phallobase tooth.

Figs 24–31 in First record of the genus Raunolina (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Caliscelidae) from tropical Africa with description of two new species from Sudan and Saudi Arabia

Figs 24–31. Raunolina jeddahica sp. nov., holotype. 24 – paranotal lobe; 25 – rostrum, lateral view; 26 – penis, lateral view; 27 – penis, caudo-dorsal view; 28 – male anal tube, dorsal view; 29 – style, lateral view; 30 – capitulum of style, dorsal view; 31 – pygofer, lateral view.Abbreviations: apc – apical part of capitulum of style; phlt – phallobase tooth; tc – transverse carina.

Figs 5–12. Raunolina spp. 5–11 – R in First record of the genus Raunolina (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Caliscelidae) from tropical Africa with description of two new species from Sudan and Saudi Arabia

Figs 5–12. Raunolina spp. 5–11 – R. remanei sp. nov., paratypes (5–8 – male; 9–11 – female). 12 – R. arabica (Gnezdilov & Wilson, 2006). 5 – head, pro- and mesonotum, dorsal view; 6 – head and pronotum, lateral view; 7 – head, frontal view; 8 – fore wing; 9 – female anal tube and pygofer, dorsal view; 10, 12 – female genital block, lateral view; 11 – median part of hind margin of female sternite VII, ventral view.

Figure 2 in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 2 Arrenurus rotundus (Daday), male. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – palp; D – palp. Arrenurus minimus (Daday), female, Rio Cuminá, Brazil, slide 7343 Viets coll. (slide 43137 SMF). E – palp. Scale bars: A, B = 100 µm, C-E = 50 µm.

Figure 9 Arrenurus surinamensis n in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 9 Arrenurus surinamensis n. sp., A-D holotype male, E paratype female. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – left palp; D – right palp; E – venter. Scale bars: A-B = 100 µm, C-D = 50 µm.

Figure 6 Arrenurus mansoensis n in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 6 Arrenurus mansoensis n. sp., holotype male. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – palp. Scale bars: A, B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm.

Figure 5 Arrenurus ludificator Koenike, A-D male, E female. A in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 5 Arrenurus ludificator Koenike, A-D male, E female. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – lateral view; D – palp; E – venter. Scale bars: A-C, E = 200 µm, D = 50 µm.

Figure 8 Arrenurus stagnalis n in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 8 Arrenurus stagnalis n. sp., A-D holotype male, E paratype female. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – lateral view (not all details shown); D – palp; E – venter. Scale bars: A-C = 100 µm, D = 50 µm, E = 200 µm.

Figure 11 Arrenurus tenuicollis lacustris n. subsp. A-D holotype male, E paratype female. A in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 11 Arrenurus tenuicollis lacustris n. subsp. A-D holotype male, E paratype female. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – detail of cauda; D – palp; E – venter. Scale bars: A-B, E = 200 µm, C = 100 µm; D = 50 µm.

Figure 10 Arrenurus tempelmani n in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 10 Arrenurus tempelmani n. sp., holotype male. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – lateral view; D – palp. Scale bars: A-C = 200 µm, D = 50 µm.

Figure 3 Arrenurus consanguineus K. Viets, male. A in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 3 Arrenurus consanguineus K. Viets, male. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – palp. Scale bars: A-B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm.

Figure 7 Arrenurus niger n in New records of the water mite genus Arrenurus Dugès, 1834 from South America (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Arrenuridae), with the description of five new species and one new subspecies

Figure 7 Arrenurus niger n. sp. A-E holotype male, F paratype female. A – dorsum; B – venter; C – right palp; D – left palp (segments rotated); E – IV-leg-6; F = venter. Scale bars: A-B, F = 100 µm, C-E = 50 µm.