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1,173 results for “Pandemics”
All Hands on Deck' or Separate Lifeboats? Public support for European Economic Solidarity during the Covid-19 pandemic
<p>What are the sources of public support for international aid in times of crises? This paper<br> investigates the determinants of public support for the EU Covid-19 aid package (’NextGenera-<br> tionEU’, NGEU), the largest aid package in EU history. We show that although public support<br> for within-EU redistribution is influenced by long-standing factors such as ideology and citizen<br> identities, endorsement or opposition cues taken from elite actors are important determinants<br> of public support for aid in times of crises. Conversely, the effects of policy details about the<br> aid package are more mixed. Using what is to the best of our knowledge the first EU-wide<br> study on public opinion on the Covid-19 rescue package, our vignette experiment shows that<br> short-term shifts in support for the rescue package are driven mostly by elite endorsement<br> cues rather than information about the precise terms of aid or amount. We also find that the<br> role of elite endorsement cues varies across different subsets of the population depending on<br> their level of political sophistication, national level attachment and country context. Thus, in<br> the face of multidimensional decision-making in times of crises, national institutions are key<br> catalyst of moving short-term support for policies of international solidarity. We discuss how<br> our findings have implications for democratic governance and accountability in the EU.</p>
Supplementary Material for ICT Practitioners' Perception of Working from Home During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Exploring Gender Differences
<p>Supplementary Material for the paper <em>ICT Practitioners' Perception of Working from Home During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Exploring Gender Differences. </em></p> <p>The .<em>pdf</em> file contains the form questions used to conduct the survey and the other files contain responses from survey participants.</p>
Survey of risk perception, trust, and behavioral intention during the COVID-19 pandemic
<p>Early public health strategies to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in the United States relied on non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) as vaccines and therapeutic treatments were not yet available. Implementation of NPIs, primarily social distancing and mask wearing, varied widely between communities within the US due to variable government mandates, as well as differences in attitudes and opinions. To understand the interplay of trust, risk perception, behavioral intention, and disease burden, we developed a survey instrument to study attitudes concerning COVID-19 and pandemic behavioral change in three states: Idaho, Texas, and Vermont. We designed our survey (<em>n </em>= 1034) to detect whether these relationships were significantly different in rural populations. The best fitting structural equation models show that trust indirectly affects protective pandemic behaviors via health and economic risk perception. We explore two different variations of this social cognitive model: the first assumes behavioral intention affects future disease burden while the second assumes that observed disease burden affects behavioral intention. In our models we include several exogenous variables to control for demographic and geographic effects. Notably, political ideology is the only exogenous variable which significantly affects all aspects of the social cognitive model (trust, risk perception, and behavioral intention). While there is a direct negative effect associated with rurality on disease burden, likely due to the protective effect of low population density in the early pandemic waves, we found a marginally significant, positive, indirect effect of rurality on disease burden via decreased trust (<em>p</em> = 0.095). This trust deficit creates additional vulnerabilities to COVID-19 in rural communities which also have reduced healthcare capacity. Increasing trust by methods such as in-group messaging could potentially remove some of the disparities inferred by our models and increase NPI effectiveness.</p>
College students' perception of e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: a cross -sectional study
<p>Covid-19 has prompted higher education institutions around the globe to relocate offline classes to online classes. Universities in Indonesia were no exception. Indonesia has already developed distance education systems, and there were many challenges to utilizing e-learning. Due to the pandemic, all colleges across Indonesia were compelled to use online platforms to resume their studies.</p> <p>This study indicates e-learning perceptions' importance in knowledge mastery, social competence, and media literacy abilities. The study assesses college students' attitudes toward e-learning during the ongoing COVID-19 and will be utilized as an evaluation tool by The Higher Education of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia.</p> <p>The research methods used with a quantitative model, where the sample tested represented the student of 1137 <a href="#_msocom_1">[DJ1]</a> respondents from 43 universities in Indonesia.</p> <p>The study's findings show a commonly perceived weakness of e-learning was that the majority of respondents got a lack interaction with lecturers (57,6%). The study also identified that the majority of respondents have a moderate mastery of technology 1038 respondents (77.6%), while the remainder has poor and high knowledge of technology. One of the key reason students implement e-learning is the ease with which they may obtain study resources. </p> <p>According to the study, e-learning technology enables quick access to information, which results in students developing a favorable attitude toward it based on its utility, self-efficacy, the convenience of use, and student behavior related to e-learning. The study verifies the utility of e-learning by demonstrating how it enables students to study from any geographical location, which is not achievable with face-to-face instruction.</p>
Quantification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater Treatment Plants Mirrors the Pandemic Trend in Hong Kong
<p>The dataset included the SARS-CoV-2 and PMMoV virus concentration of WWTPs from December 24, 2020 to June 30, 2021 in Hong Kong, China.</p>
Viral Communication: Trajectories of Experience through the Pandemic - A Qualitative Longitudinal Dataset
<p>Here, we present a dataset collected within a longitudinal interview study that has been conducted as part of a larger project (i.e., Viral Communication), exploring (changing) public attitudes and behaviours through the course of the pandemic in Germany. From a nationally representative survey, forty participants were purposively sampled on the basis of gender, age and socioeconomic status for the interviews. Each participant was interviewed three times within a 10 month time frame (between December 2020 and September 2021), with the exception of two dropouts from the study. The semi-structured interviews were developed to further elaborate on some of the responses in the survey instrument and to provide additional insights into topics and controversies surrounding the Covid-19 pandemic in Germany, such as information/misinformation, trust/distrust, compliance, vaccination, and conspiracy beliefs. </p> <ul> <li>Interviews Phase I (December 2020): 40 Interviews</li> <li>Interviews Phase II (April 2021): 38 Interviews</li> <li>Interviews Phase III (September 2021): 38 Interviews</li> </ul>
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic productivity
<p>This data set was used to analyse changes in academic productivity due to the COVID-19 pandemic.</p> <p>Here we describe how those data were collected. We downloaded the <a href="https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/Cornell-University/arxiv">arXiv dataset</a> hosted by Kaggle on 2022 June 6. This dataset is a JSON file (named `arxiv-metadata-oai-snapshot.json`) compressed into a zip file. We extracted this file and then executed `process.py` to create the following three files:</p> <p>- `metadata.json`: titles, abstract, and affiliations of authors</p> <p>- `authors.json`: author names</p> <p>- `records.csv`: arXiv identifier, categories, number of authors and affiliations, abstract length</p> <p> </p> <p>We excluded pre-prints from 2022 June when processing files. The `process.py` script also adds a 'dummy' line to the `records.csv` to make Python load arXiv identifiers as strings. These three files (`metadata.json`, `authors.json`, and `records.csv`) were used for this analysis.</p>
Increase in coercive measures in psychiatric hospitals during the COVID-19 Pandemic
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span>Objective</span></strong><span>: To examine whether the pandemic in 2020 caused changes in psychiatric hospital cases, the percentage of patients exposed to coercive interventions, and aggressive incidents. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Results: </strong>The number of cases in adult psychiatry decreased by 7.6% from 105,782 to 97,761. The percentage of involuntary cases increased from 12.3 to 14.1%, and the absolute number of coercive measures increased by 4.7% from 26,269 to 27,514. The percentage of cases exposed to any kind of coercive measure increased by 24.6% from 6.5 to 8.1%, and the median cumulative duration per affected case increased by 13.1% from 12.2 to 13.8 hrs, where seclusion increased more than mechanical restraint. The percentage of patients with aggressive incidents, collected in 10 hospitals, remained unchanged. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While voluntary cases decreased considerably during the pandemic, involuntary cases increased slightly. However, the increased percentage of patients exposed to coercion is not only due to a decreased percentage of voluntary patients, as the duration of coercive measures per case also increased. The changes that indicate deterioration in treatment quality were probably caused by the multitude of measures to manage the pandemic. The focus of attention and internal rules as well have shifted from prevention of coercion to prevention of infection.</span></p>
Quality of Life at Work During Home Office: How has the COVID Pandemic Caused Disruptive Changes in the Contem-porary Organizational Structures?
<p>Supplementary Material 1 with the calculation of research degree agreement from the managers</p> <p>Supplementary Data 2 – managers answers details</p>
Latvia: Behaviours and attitudes in response to the Covid-19 pandemics
<p>Web-based survey which was conducted in Latvia in 2020. The survey assesses the sociodemographic effects of the COVID-19 outbreak in Latvia. This survey is titled “Behaviours and attitudes in response to the Covid-19 pandemics”.</p>
Survey among self-employed persons in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. wave 2020.
<p>In spring 2020, DIW Berlin, ZEW Mannheim, and the University of Trier conducted an online survey among self-employed persons to collect data on the situation of the self-employed in Germany at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The online survey was disseminated in cooperation with the Verband der Gründer und Selbstständigen Deutschland (VGSD) e.V. and other professional associations.</p> <p>The questionnaire included 51 questions and focused on the following topics:<br> - the self-employed's affectedness by the pandemic and by government containment measures<br> - financial situation during the pandemic<br> - application to government support programs<br> - business strategies to overcome the crisis<br> - assessments of the future<br> - sociodemographic characteristics<br> - business-related characteristics</p> <p>In total, 27,262 interviews were collected.</p>
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the Pandemic's Third Year
<p>Dataset and code for June 2022 study, "<strong>COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in the Pandemic's Third Year"</strong></p>
Cloud computing is one of the most popular and sophisticated technologies adopted by organizations worldwide. Some world-leading organizations enhance their efficiency and effectiveness by using cloud computing technology. Working from home (WFH) has been a popular trend among organizations during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The COVID-19 saw a breakthrough in work cultures and environments where working from home was a remarkable success in remote working environments, despite being a rare phenomenon in Sri Lanka. Yet, it is argued that the deployment of work from home has not been effective among Sri Lankan business organizations due to a lack of IT infrastructure, facilities, and knowledge. The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of cloud computing, embracing the service models (Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service) as theoretical lenses and testing the COVID-19 as the moderator. The study has been conducted based on a deductive approach and adopted a stratified random sampling method. The sample consisted of 384 IT employees among those who had experienced working from home. The study utilized multiple regression and found that cloud computing service models significantly impact work from home with the moderating effect of COVID-19.
<p>Cloud computing is one of the most popular and sophisticated technologies adopted by organizations worldwide. Some world-leading organizations enhance their efficiency and effectiveness by using cloud computing technology. Working from home (WFH) has been a popular trend among organizations during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. The COVID-19 saw a breakthrough in work cultures and environments where working from home was a remarkable success in remote working environments, despite being a rare phenomenon in Sri Lanka. Yet, it is argued that the deployment of work from home has not been effective among Sri Lankan business organizations due to a lack of IT infrastructure, facilities, and knowledge. The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of cloud computing, embracing the service models (Infrastructure as a Service, Platform as a Service, and Software as a Service) as theoretical lenses and testing the COVID-19 as the moderator. The study has been conducted based on a deductive approach and adopted a stratified random sampling method. The sample consisted of 384 IT employees among those who had experienced working from home. The study utilized multiple regression and found that cloud computing service models significantly impact work from home with the moderating effect of COVID-19.</p>
anonymized author dataset from the publication "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on publishing in astronomy in the initial two years"
<p>We provide the anonymized author dataset that was prepared for the research presented in <a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.15621.pdf">https://arxiv.org/pdf/2203.15621.pdf</a> . The data is provided as two pickled pandas data frames. The first data frame contains the number of publications each author has written in each year per author position (as 1st author etc.) and their assigned gender. The second file contains the corresponding country of affiliation for each author and year. The two data frames can be matched by author_id.</p> <p>Columns in "matched_author_dataset_publication_counts_zenodo.pkl":</p> <pre>['author_id', 'gender', 'P(gender)', 'pub1_tot', 'first_auth_pub_year', 'pub2_tot', 'auth_2_pub_year', 'pub3_tot', 'auth_3_pub_year', 'pub4_tot', 'auth_4_pub_year', 'pub5_tot', 'auth_5_pub_year', 'pub6_tot', 'auth_6_pub_year', 'pub7_tot', 'auth_7_pub_year', 'pub8_tot', 'auth_8_pub_year', 'pub9_tot', 'auth_9_pub_year', 'pub10_tot', 'auth_10_pub_year', 'pub11_tot', 'auth_11_pub_year', 'pub12_tot', 'auth_12_pub_year', 'pub13_tot', 'auth_13_pub_year', 'pub14_tot', 'auth_14_pub_year', 'pub15_tot', 'auth_15_pub_year', 'pub16_tot', 'auth_16_pub_year', 'tot_pub', 'tot_pub_year', 'last_pub', 'first_pub']</pre> <p>'author_id' is a unique id assigned to the author. 'gender' contains the author's most likely gender and 'P('gender')' the likelihood of correct assignment. 'pubX_tot' contains the total number of publications the author has written as Xth author, 'auth_X_pub_year' contains a list with one entry per year from 1950 to 2022 counting the number of papers the author has published as Xth author in that year. 'tot_pub' counts the total number of publications (summed over all years) and 'tot_pub_year' for each year/ 'last_pub' and 'first pub' contain the list indices of the years when the author last/first published.</p> <p>Columns in author_dataframe_country.pkl:</p> <pre>['author_id', 'aff_year', 'aff_country_author']</pre> <p>'aff_year' is a list of years for which country information could be inferred for this author. 'aff_country_author' is a list of countries for each entry in 'aff_year'.</p> <p> </p>
Etiology of upper respiratory tract infection in outpatients before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
<p>Illumina MiSeq Viral reads after quality passing and detection in zipped FASTQ format. Files are named by Patient's codes and whether DNA or RNA workflow is used for sample preparation.</p>
Aesthetic responses to the Covid-19 pandemic: The corona-performance No Problama. A case study
<p>The video files document the artistic content of the corona performance <em>No problama. </em>Each video presents music, verbal texts and photos from work processes and the final performance on 21 May 2021. The performance mirrors events, emotions and individuals' responses to the crisis during the first weeks of the lockdown in Norway in March 2020. Music students, children, teachers and dancers took part in the project.</p>
Elevated perceived stress in university students due to COVID-19 pandemic: Potential contributing factors in a propensity-score matched sample
<p><strong>Open Data and Open Materials of: </strong></p> <p><strong>Elevated perceived stress in university students due to COVID-19 pandemic: Potential contributing factors in a propensity-score matched sample. </strong></p> <p><strong><em>Scandinavian Journal Of Psychology</em>.</strong></p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p><strong>Objective</strong>: Onset of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID)-pandemic has increased students’ perceived burdens. The current study aimed to examine COVID-related changes and to identify potential factors that contribute to students’ stress.</p> <p><strong>Method</strong>: Adopting a cross-sectional cohort-study design, we examined perceived stress, depressive and anxiety symptoms with a specific focus on the role of study-related variables such as perceived study-related demands, study-related resources, academic procrastination, and stress enhancing beliefs. Two cohorts (<em>N</em><sub>pre-COVID</sub>=2175;<em>N</em><sub>COVID</sub>=959) were recruited at the same university and matched with regard to their propensity score (age, gender, semester).</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: Compared to the pre-COVID cohort, university students in the COVID-cohort reported more perceived stress, more depressive and anxiety symptoms, more academic procrastination due to fear of failure, more stress-enhancing beliefs, more distress due to the housing situation, and more perceived study-related challenges (Cohen’s <em>d</em>=.15–.45). A stepwise regression analysis identified depressive symptoms, procrastination due to fear of failure, general self-efficacy, increased study demands, perceived difficulties with to self-organised learning, distress due to housing, and stress enhancing beliefs as predictors of perceived stress in the COVID-cohort.</p> <p><strong>Discussion</strong>: Findings suggest that the switch to online-only education increased the study-related burden for students, primarily due to exams being replaced by a greater amount of regular coursework and imposing demands on self-organised learning. Possibly, stress enhancing beliefs and procrastination due to fear of failure might have been elevated due to less opportunity for social referencing and lack of felt social support by peer students.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion</strong>: Experienced increased burden in students during the COVID pandemic was mostly accounted for by the lack of perceived individual resources rather than by the increase in objective study-related demands.</p>
Scientific production data on the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazilian favelas and urban communities (2020-2022)
<p>Spreadsheet of data created for the dissertation ‘The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazilian favelas and urban communities: a bibliometric analysis’, PPGICS/ICICT, Fiocruz, to respond to the bibliometric analysis elaborated in the research, Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, May 2024. </p>
Financial, supplies, and human resource preparedness in management of COVID-19 pandemic among dental facilities in Nairobi County, Kenya
<p>The COVID-19 pandemic put a strain on healthcare facilities across the globe. Dental facilities pose the highest COVID-19 transmission risk categories due to the aerosol-generating procedures involved in dental practice. This study aimed to determine financial, supplies, and human resource preparedness in managing the COVID-19 pandemic among Nairobi County, Kenya dental facilities. A cross-sectional study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach among 183 dental facilities in Nairobi County. Data was collected using a KoboCollect questionnaire and analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS version 26. Dental facilities' readiness was assessed using the ReadyScore Criteria. Qualitative data was collected through one-on-one interviews with key informants and analyzed thematically. Readyscore Criteria analysis showed that 39 (21.3%) of the evaluated dental facilities were considered "ready," while 133 (72.7%) and 11 (6%) were considered to have "work to do" and "not ready" for the pandemic. Bivariate analysis showed that the level of facility (p<0.001), presence of other departments (p<0.001), funds sufficiency for COVID-19 emergency response (p=0.001), and clients attended per month (p=0.017) were statistically significant factors associated with pandemic preparedness scores. Regression analysis revealed that the presence of other departments among the dental facilities was a significant predictor of readiness, with a 4.5 times higher likelihood of being ready for a pandemic (aOR 4.591; 1.471–14.327, p=0.009) compared to other facilities. Support from healthcare authorities and capacity-building initiatives are recommended to enhance preparedness and resilience among dental facilities in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>
Interviews for New Business Models for Pharmaceutical Innovation and Access to Medicines - Pandemic Preparedness
<p>These supplementary materials represent the partial dataset in the form of semi-structured interviews, collected and analyzed in the research article "Unlocking global access to medicines for pandemics: the potential and limits of alternative innovation models". This article is one of the outcomes of the "New Business Models for Pharmaceutical Innovation and Global Access to Medicines" research project, conducted at the Global Health Center, within the Geneva Graduate Institute. The dataset contains 8/11 interviews collected and used in this article, which are published with the informed consent of the interviewees.</p> <p>Details about the research project can be found at: <a href="https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/NBM">https://www.graduateinstitute.ch/NBM</a></p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.