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opencc-zeroDec 2014View details →

Data from: Unraveling conflicting density- and distance-dependent effects on plant reproduction using a spatially-explicit approach

1. Density- and distance-dependent (DDD) mechanisms are important determinants of plant reproductive success (PRS). Different components of sequential PRS can operate either in the same or in different directions and thus reinforce or neutralize each other, and they may also operate at different spatial scales. Thus, spatially-explicit approaches are needed to detect such complex DDD effects across multiple PRS components and spatial scales. 2. To reveal DDD effects of different components of early PRS of the Iberian pear (Pyrus bourgaeana) sampled over three consecutive years, we used marked point pattern analysis. Our special interest is to identify conflicting processes that regulate populations at different spatial scales, e.g. whether DDD on fruit initiation and on fruit development acted in opposite directions. To evaluate the significance of observed mark correlation functions based on empirical data (e.g. fruiting success) we compared them to expectations given by spatially-explicit null models. 3. Diverse DDD processes affected several aspects of PRS in a variable extent over the three seasons. First, early fruit set was higher for individuals with more neighbors at small distances (i.e. up to 40m). However, late P. bourgaeana fruit set decreased with increasing number of nearby neighbors, but these effects canceled for overall fruit set that did not show DDD effects. Second, the absolute number of fruits produced (crop sizes) by trees showed positive density dependence in 2011 and 2012 but not in 2013. Finally, the total number of seeds produced did not show DDD effects, indicating that conflicting demographic processes can disrupt the initial spatial pattern of tree investment in reproduction. 4. Synthesis: Understanding complex spatial effects of density- and distance-dependent (DDD) processes requires dissection of component processes to attain the complete picture since contrasting DDD processes may be hidden behind a single cumulative measure of reproductive success. The combination of novel and classic mark correlation functions used here constitute a powerful spatially-explicit tool that can be broadly applied to unravel conflicting mechanisms of DDD regulating the persistence of sessile organisms at a range of spatial scales. Our findings help to explain why some authors failed to find expected DDD of PRS and highlight the importance of detailed multi-year field studies on plant reproductive success.

opencc-zeroDec 2012View details →

Data from: The effects of inbreeding, genetic dissimilarity and phenotype on male reproductive success in a dioecious plant

Pollen fate can strongly affect the genetic structure of populations with restricted gene flow and significant inbreeding risk. We established an experimental population of inbred and outbred Silene latifolia plants to evaluate the effects of (i) inbreeding depression, (ii) phenotypic variation and (iii) relatedness between mates on male fitness under natural pollination. Paternity analysis revealed that outbred males sired significantly more offspring than inbred males. Independently of the effects of inbreeding, male fitness depended on several male traits, including a sexually dimorphic (flower number) and a gametophytic trait (in vitro pollen germination rate). In addition, full-sib matings were less frequent than randomly expected. Thus, inbreeding, phenotype and genetic dissimilarity simultaneously affect male fitness in this animal-pollinated plant. While inbreeding depression might threaten population persistence, the deficiency of effective matings between sibs and the higher fitness of outbred males will reduce its occurrence and counter genetic erosion.

opencc-zeroJul 2021View details →

Pollination and plant reproductive success of two ploidy levels in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)

This dataset includes hand pollination, honey bee pollination and pollen germination experiments described in the article "Pollination and plant reproductive success of two ploidy levels in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.)", published in Frontiers in Plant Science (DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.720069). In a series of hand pollination experiments, the influence of visitation rate (10, 20, 40, 80 pollinated florets per flower head) on the seed number per pollinated floret and seed number per flower head were investigated, respectively. The influence of flowering stage (early, middle, and full flowering) on the seed number per pollinated floret was also investigated. Self-incompatibility was studied by comparing the seed number per flower head under self-pollination and interploidy pollination treatments. In order to study the autonomous pollination, we compared the seed number per flower head between self-pollination and control treatment. In the honey bee pollination experiments, we investigated the overall seed number per floret and compare the number of one-seeded and two-seeded florets in the studied red clover cultivars. Further, we investigated the pollen germination rate of each red clover cultivar. The main findings of this article include: (1) In hand pollination, increasing the visitation rates increased the seed number per flower head, but reduced the seed number per pollinated floret; (2) In hand pollination, different flowering stages did not influence the seed number per pollinated floret significantly; (3) In honey bee pollination, diploid red clover cultivars had more two-seeded florets compared to tetraploids.

opencc-by-4.0Nov 2021View details →

Code and data for "Wild snapdragon plant pedigree sheds light on limited connectivity enhanced by higher migrant reproductive success in a fragmented landscape"

Archive file containing all the code and data for producing results and the supplementary result of the MS entitled "Wild snapdragon plant pedigree sheds light on limited connectivity enhanced by higher migrant reproductive success in a fragmented landscape". See README.txt for files descriptions.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Data from: Density-dependent dispersal strategy of pollinator moderates the adverse effect of habitat loss on plant reproduction

1. Major challenges for plant conservation are predicting the effect of habitat loss on pollination success and plant reproduction potential. Most studies report that pollinator movement is affected by quantitative and spatial characteristics of landscapes. However, little is known about the role of pollinator movement, impacted by floral volatiles and intraspecies interaction, on plant reproduction in fragmented landscapes. 2. To clarify the effect of pollinator movement on plant reproduction relative to habitat loss, we developed an integrated model incorporating pollinator's foraging response with its dispersal process mediated by a density-dependent dispersal (DDD) strategy. This model performed better in capturing behaviorals response of pollinators than do current methods. The integrated model was verified with field results of pollinator visitation and plant reproduction of saltcedar (Tamarix chinensis) inhabiting the Yellow River Delta, and then was compared against a dispersal strategy called density-independent dispersal (DID). The model was applied to landscapes with various non-habitat percentage (NHP) to explore the effect of habitat loss on plant reproduction. 3. Results suggested that saltcedar populations differ in their responses to habitat loss, which depended on the spatial scales considered. At landscape scale, increasing NHP significantly inhibited the dispersion extent of floral volatiles and therefore reduced pollinator visitation and subsequent seed production, especially when NHP exceeded the critical threshold of 0.6. However, at patch scale, comparing with DID strategy, the DDD strategy enabled pollinators to increase their utilization of flowers by 43.42% and 6.79% in low-density and distant plant patches, whereas their utilization was reduced by 7.75% and 2.24% in high-density and central patches, respectively. Plant reproduction was improved correspondingly in low-density and distant patches under different NHPs. 4. Consequently, habitat loss inhibits the volatiles dispersion and interferes with the foraging success of pollinators, a major factor influencing plant reproduction at landscape scale. At patch scale, adaptive utilization of pollinators exhibiting DDD strategy alleviates the negative effect of habitat loss on plant production and maintains plant population persistence. Since pollinator behavioral response is critical to plant reproduction, we recommend the use of the here-presented integrated model to assess the impact of habitat loss on plant reproduction.

opencc-zeroDec 2022View details →

Individual flowering phenology shapes plant-pollinator interactions across ecological scales affecting plant reproduction

1. The balance of pollination competition and facilitation amongst co-flowering plants and abiotic resource availability can modify plant species and individual reproduction. Floral resource succession and spatial heterogeneity modulate plant-pollinator interactions across ecological scales (individual plant, local assemblage, interaction network of agroecological infrastructure across the farm). Intraspecific variation in flowering phenology can modulate the precise level of spatio-temporal heterogeneity in floral resources, pollen donor density and pollinator interactions that a plant individual is exposed to, thereby affecting reproduction. 2. We tested how abiotic resources and multi-scale plant-pollinator interactions affected individual plant seed set, modulated by intraspecific variation in flowering phenology and spatio-temporal floral heterogeneity arising from agroecological infrastructure. We transplanted two focal insect-pollinated plant species (Cyanus segetum and Centaurea jacea, n = 288) into agroecological infrastructure (10 sown wildflower, 6 legume-grass strips) across a farm-scale experiment (125 ha). 3. We applied an individual-based phenologically explicit approach to match precisely the flowering period of plant individuals to the concomitant level of spatio-temporal heterogeneity in plant-pollinator interactions, potential pollen donors, floral resources and abiotic conditions (temperature, water, nitrogen). 4. Individual plant attractiveness, assemblage floral density and conspecific pollen donor density (C. jacea) improved seed set. Network linkage density increased focal species' seed set and modified the effect of local assemblage richness and abundance on C. segetum. Mutual dependence on pollinators in networks increased C. segetum seed set, while C. jacea seed set was greatest where both specialization on pollinators and mutual dependence was high. Abiotic conditions were of little or no importance to seed set. 5. Intra- and interspecific plant-pollinator interactions respond to spatio-temporal heterogeneity arising from agroecological management affecting wild plant species reproduction. The interplay of pollinator interactions within and between ecological scales affecting seed set implies a co-occurrence of pollinator-mediated facilitative and competitive interactions among plant species and individuals.

Supplementary material 6 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 6 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 5 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 5 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 3 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 3 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 2 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 2 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 7 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 7 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 1 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 1 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 4 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

Supplementary material 4 from: Tanaka S (2023) Biology of Patanga japonica (Orthoptera, Acrididae): Nymphal growth, host plants, reproductive activity, hatching behavior, and adult morphology. Journal of Orthoptera Research 32(1): 93-108. https://doi.org/10.3897/jor.32.95753

opencc-zeroJun 2023View details →

Data for: Reproductive strategies of native plant populations altered by a plant invasion

Invasive plant transformers substantially change the abiotic environment of invaded ecosystems and thus habitat suitability to resident species. Post-invasion environmental alteration can also modify the selective pressure acting on native plants. Here, I explored whether the decrease in light availability due to an invasion of Heracleum mantegazzianum drives evolution of reproductive strategies of Veronica chamaedrys, a perennial plant combining sexual and clonal reproduction. Using a common garden experiment with plant material of V. chamaedrys from 23 sites with distinct invasion history and light conditions, I searched for changes in reproductive allocation. I also asked whether evolution of the two modes can be constrained by the genetic trade-off between them. Furthermore, the phenotypic trade-off between the two modes was explored in a field experiment. I found that invaded populations increased investments in clonal reproduction, a shift that was driven by decreased light availability, particularly in the early invasion phases. However, as light availability rebounded in the more advanced phases of invasion, so decreased allocation to clonal structures. In terms of relative allocation, increased investment in ramets was paralleled by reduced seed production, and the changes were underpinned by genetic trade-off. Finally, the phenotypic trade-off was demonstrated in the field experiment by showing that plants producing more ramets were also less likely to flower. These results suggest that an exotic plant invasion can drive evolution of reproductive allocation, here observed on a timescale of tens of years. This knowledge is important not only to predict long-term invasion impacts but also, more generally, to provide novel insights into the process of adaptation of plants to changing abiotic conditions.

opencc-byOct 2023View details →

Pollinator asynchrony drives the temporal stability of flower visitation rates, but not of plant reproductive success

Data and code of the article titled " Pollinator asynchrony drives the temporal stability of flower visitation rates, but not of plant reproductive success" by Estefanía Tobajas, Virginia Domínguez-García, Francisco P. Molina and Ignasi Bartomeus