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FIGURE 6 in A new polytypic species of yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), from the Andean and coastal mountain systems of Venezuela and Colombia
FIGURE 6. From top to bottom, frontal views of the upper incisors and canines, occlusal view of the upper dentition, and frontal view of the lower incisors and canines of: A) Sturnira adrianae adrianae (male, CVULA 7938); B) S. a. caripana (male, CVULA 8590); C) S. oporaphilum (male, QCAZ 2300); and D) S. ludovici (male, QCAZ 1644).
FIGURE 2 in A new polytypic species of yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), from the Andean and coastal mountain systems of Venezuela and Colombia
FIGURE 2. Maximum-likelihood (ML) tree based on Cyt-b sequence data used to assess the phylogenetic position of Sturnira adrianae in relation to other species of Sturnira. The tree shown is the one with the highest log likelihood (-5445.3367). Bootstrap support values (% of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together after 1000 repetitions) for nodes are indicated next to interior branches. The name 'S. new species 3' is used following Velazco and Patterson (2013). Individual specimens are particularized only in branches of the S. oporaphilum clade. From top to bottom, GenBank accession numbers for these specimens are: KC753807, KC753806 (S. ludovici); KY366235, KY366234, KY366232, KY366233, KY366231, KY366230, KY366229 (S. adrianae); KC753856, KC753850, KC753854, KC753851, KC753855, KC753853, KC753852 (S. oporaphilum); KC753826, KC753827, KC753825 (S. burtonlimi); and KC753794, KC753793, KC753795, KC753796, KC753797, KC753799, KC753798 (S. hondurensis).
FIGURE 4 in A new polytypic species of yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), from the Andean and coastal mountain systems of Venezuela and Colombia
FIGURE 4. Lateral, dorsal, and ventral views of the crania, and lateral views of the mandibles of the holotypes. Left: Sturnira adrianae adrianae (male, CVULA 8570). Right: S. a. caripana (male, CVULA 8593).
FIGURE 3 in A new polytypic species of yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), from the Andean and coastal mountain systems of Venezuela and Colombia
FIGURE 3. Box-and-whisker plots summarizing the cranial and wing dimensions of Sturnira oporaphilum, S. adrianae adrianae, and S. a. caripana. Plots A and B consider the single measurements most representative of cranial and wing dimensions. Plots C and D consider all measurements by displaying specimen scores in the two axes of a Multiple Discriminant Analysis (MDA). In this MDA, the first axis accounts for 82.3% and the second axis for 17.7% of the variance. Crosses and vertical lines within gray boxes represent, respectively, means and medians. Gray box widths span the interval between the 25th and 75th percentiles, containing the middle 50% of the data points. Horizontal lines, or "whiskers", extend this interval to the 10th and 90th percentiles, containing 80% of the data points. At least nine data points are required to compute the 10th and 90th percentiles, hence no whiskers are plotted for S. a. caripana. Open circles represent potential outliers. Sample sizes indicated after taxon names.
FIGURE 1 in A new polytypic species of yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), from the Andean and coastal mountain systems of Venezuela and Colombia
FIGURE 1. Map of Venezuela and neighboring Colombia showing the collection localities of specimens of Sturnira adrianae, new species. Solid circles correspond to S. a. adrianae. Solid triangles correspond to S. a. caripana. Abbreviations are: SA, Sierra de Aroa; SB, Sierra de Bobare; SC, Sistema Coriano; SL, Sierra de San Luis (part of SC); SM, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; 1, Táchira Depression; 2, Lara Depression; 3, Yaracuy Depression; 4, Unare Depression. For locality data, see Appendix.
FIGURES 5–13 in A new species of the broad-shouldered water strider genus Microvelia Westwood (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan
FIGURES 5–13. Legs of Microvelia yoshitomii sp. nov. male. 5, 8, 11, fore leg; 6, 9, 12, middle leg; 7, 10, 13, hind leg. 5–7, Femur; 8–10, tibia; 11–13, tarsus. Scale bars = 0.05 mm.
FIGURES 1–4 in A new species of the broad-shouldered water strider genus Microvelia Westwood (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan
FIGURES 1–4. Microvelia yoshitomii sp. nov., dorsal aspect. 1, 3, male; 2, 4, female. 1, Holotype; 2–4, paratypes. 1–2, Apterous; 3–4, macropterous.
FIGURES 14–20 in A new species of the broad-shouldered water strider genus Microvelia Westwood (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Veliidae) from the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan
FIGURES 14–20. Fore wing, abdominal segment VIII, pygophore, and proctiger of Microvelia yoshitomii sp. nov. 14, Left fore wing (female); 15, abdominal segment VIII, ventral view; 16–17, right paramere, lateral (16) and ventral (17) views; 18–19, pygophore (segment IX), proctiger, parameres, dorsal (18) and lateral (19) views; 20, proctiger, ventral view. Scale bars for 14 = 0.5 mm, for 15–20 = 0.05 mm.
Distribution. Angola, DR Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia. Description. Head-body 46:5-47-8 cm (males), 44-45-5 cm (females), tail 40-43 cm (males), 38-39 cm (females), hindfoot 8:7-9-8 cm (males), 8-9 cm (females), ear 4-7-5-4 cm (males), 5-1-5-8 cm (females); weight 1-3-2 kg. The coat color is pale ocher, with brownish or grayish tones; melanistic individuals are quite common. The throat and chest are blackish, and the ventral pelage varies from creamy white to dirty white. The stripes and spots on the body vary from different hues of brown to black. The nuchal stripes run as two parallel lines from the nape to the shoulders, where they diverge and enlarge towards the elbows; they are not so conspicuously marked as in other genet species. Below them, a pair of thinner stripes and small spots are scattered on the shoulders and sides of the neck. A third pair of thinner, parallel stripes runs down the neck between the nuchal stripes, extending to about one fourth of the mid-dorsal line, where they vanish or diverge as the first row of flank spots. The black mid-dorsal line is continuous and is flanked on each side by four rows of oblong to squared spots, and by a few small-scattered spots below. There is a dorsal erectile crest. The face has a dark mask and a pair of white sub-ocular spots. The tail has seven to nine black rings, alternating with pale rings; the intervening white spaces are pigmented with a brownish tinge on the dorsal midline. The width of the pale rings relative to the dark rings in the middle of the tail is 50-75%; the tip of the tail is dark. The hindlimbs and forelimbs are black; there are white hairs on the metacarpals and metatarsals. [he posterior parts of the feet are dark. There are two pairs of teats. The posterior chamber of the auditory bulla is not ventrally inflated and has a continuous curve line on the external side. The ratio between the inter-orbital constriction and frontal width is 1-00 + 0-12. Dental formula: 13/3, C1/1,P 4/4, M 2/2 = 40. in Viverridae
Distribution. Angola, DR Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia. Description. Head-body 46:5-47-8 cm (males), 44-45-5 cm (females), tail 40-43 cm (males), 38-39 cm (females), hindfoot 8:7-9-8 cm (males), 8-9 cm (females), ear 4-7-5-4 cm (males), 5-1-5-8 cm (females); weight 1-3-2 kg. The coat color is pale ocher, with brownish or grayish tones; melanistic individuals are quite common. The throat and chest are blackish, and the ventral pelage varies from creamy white to dirty white. The stripes and spots on the body vary from different hues of brown to black. The nuchal stripes run as two parallel lines from the nape to the shoulders, where they diverge and enlarge towards the elbows; they are not so conspicuously marked as in other genet species. Below them, a pair of thinner stripes and small spots are scattered on the shoulders and sides of the neck. A third pair of thinner, parallel stripes runs down the neck between the nuchal stripes, extending to about one fourth of the mid-dorsal line, where they vanish or diverge as the first row of flank spots. The black mid-dorsal line is continuous and is flanked on each side by four rows of oblong to squared spots, and by a few small-scattered spots below. There is a dorsal erectile crest. The face has a dark mask and a pair of white sub-ocular spots. The tail has seven to nine black rings, alternating with pale rings; the intervening white spaces are pigmented with a brownish tinge on the dorsal midline. The width of the pale rings relative to the dark rings in the middle of the tail is 50-75%; the tip of the tail is dark. The hindlimbs and forelimbs are black; there are white hairs on the metacarpals and metatarsals. [he posterior parts of the feet are dark. There are two pairs of teats. The posterior chamber of the auditory bulla is not ventrally inflated and has a continuous curve line on the external side. The ratio between the inter-orbital constriction and frontal width is 1-00 + 0-12. Dental formula: 13/3, C1/1,P 4/4, M 2/2 = 40.
On following pages: 122. Honduran Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira hondurensis); 123. Burton's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira burtonlimi); 124. Highland Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira ludovici); 125. Adriana's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira adrianae); 126. Tschudi's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira oporaphilum); 127. Mistratoan Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira mistratensis); 128. Soriano's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira sorianoi); 129. Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira koopmanhill)); 130. Talamancan Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira mordax); 131. Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira perla); 132. Tilda's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira tildae); 133. Hairy Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira erythromos); 134. Bogota Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira bogotensis); 135. Greater Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira magna); 136. Northern Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira parvidens); 137 Baker's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira baker); 138. Little Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira lilium); 139. Gianna's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira giannae); 140. Dominica Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira angell); 141. Paulson's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira paulsoni); 142. Luis's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira luisi). in Phyllostomidae
On following pages: 122. Honduran Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira hondurensis); 123. Burton's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira burtonlimi); 124. Highland Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira ludovici); 125. Adriana's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira adrianae); 126. Tschudi's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira oporaphilum); 127. Mistratoan Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira mistratensis); 128. Soriano's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira sorianoi); 129. Choco Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira koopmanhill)); 130. Talamancan Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira mordax); 131. Perla Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira perla); 132. Tilda's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira tildae); 133. Hairy Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira erythromos); 134. Bogota Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira bogotensis); 135. Greater Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira magna); 136. Northern Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira parvidens); 137 Baker's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira baker); 138. Little Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira lilium); 139. Gianna's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira giannae); 140. Dominica Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira angell); 141. Paulson's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira paulsoni); 142. Luis's Yellow-shouldered Bat (Sturnira luisi).
On following pages: 190. Hairy Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus hirsutus); 191. Fringed Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus fimbriatus); 192. Ecuadorian Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus aequatorialis); 193. Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus jamaicensis); 194. Dark Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus obscurus); 195. Schwartz's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus schwartz); 196. Great Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus lituratus); 197. Large Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus amplus); 198. Flat-faced Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus planirostris); 199. Rosenberg's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus rosenbergi); 200. Thomas's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus watson); 201. Toltec Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus toltecus); 202. Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus phaeotis); 203. Gervais's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus cinereus); 204. Andersen's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus anderseni); 205. Little Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeusravus); 206. Aztec Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus aztecus); 207. Bogota Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus bogotensis); 208. Silvery Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus glaucus); 209. Dwarf Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus gnomus); 210. Jamaican Fig-eating Bat (Ariteus flavescens); 211. Tree Bat (Ardops nicholls); 212. Red Fruit Bat (Stenoderma rufum); 213. Wrinkle-faced Bat (Centurio senex): 214. Ipanema Broad-nosed Bat (Pygoderma bilabiatum); 215. Visored Bat (Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum); 216. Little White-shouldered Bat (Ametrida centurio); 217. Cuban Fig-eating Bat (Phyllops falcatus). in Phyllostomidae
On following pages: 190. Hairy Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus hirsutus); 191. Fringed Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus fimbriatus); 192. Ecuadorian Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus aequatorialis); 193. Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus jamaicensis); 194. Dark Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus obscurus); 195. Schwartz's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus schwartz); 196. Great Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus lituratus); 197. Large Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus amplus); 198. Flat-faced Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus planirostris); 199. Rosenberg's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus rosenbergi); 200. Thomas's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus watson); 201. Toltec Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus toltecus); 202. Pygmy Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus phaeotis); 203. Gervais's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus cinereus); 204. Andersen's Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus anderseni); 205. Little Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeusravus); 206. Aztec Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus aztecus); 207. Bogota Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus bogotensis); 208. Silvery Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus glaucus); 209. Dwarf Fruit-eating Bat (Artibeus gnomus); 210. Jamaican Fig-eating Bat (Ariteus flavescens); 211. Tree Bat (Ardops nicholls); 212. Red Fruit Bat (Stenoderma rufum); 213. Wrinkle-faced Bat (Centurio senex): 214. Ipanema Broad-nosed Bat (Pygoderma bilabiatum); 215. Visored Bat (Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum); 216. Little White-shouldered Bat (Ametrida centurio); 217. Cuban Fig-eating Bat (Phyllops falcatus).
The intra- and inter-rater reliability of a variety of testing methods to measure shoulder range of motion, hand-behind-back and external rotation strength in healthy participants
<p>Dataset for a intra- and inter-rater reliability study of a variety of testing methods to measure shoulder range of motion, hand-behind-back and external rotation strength in healthy participants</p>
XPM-098 Shouldered End Blade, Sapsuk River, AK
Shallow shouldered end blade composed of andesitic basalt from Trench 2 Unit 3 Level 6, catalog number 467 from XPM-098 Trench 1. Dates 2800-2100 BCE. Uncommon in the region. SR08-01-T2-U3-L6 Sapsuk River, Nelson Lagoon area, Alaska Peninsula, Alaska. Several salmon fishing sites. Early period dating 3200-2100 BCE, and a later occupation 100 BCE to 500 CE. Original digitizing work done at the IVL at Id. St. Univ. Subsequent processing completed at Global Digital Heritage. Maschner, H. et al. 2010. The Archaeology of the Sapsuk River, Alaska. An Occasional Papers Publication. Bureau of Indian Affairs, Alaska Region, Branch of Regional Archaeology, Anchorage. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Data from: Maladaptive plasticity masks the effects of natural selection in the red-shouldered soapberry bug
Natural selection can produce local adaptation, but local adaptation can be masked by maladaptive plasticity. Maladaptive plasticity may arise as a result of gene flow producing novel gene combinations that have not been exposed to selection. In the 1980s, populations of the red-shouldered soapberry bug (Jadera haematoloma) were locally adapted to feed on the seeds of a native host plant and an introduced host plant; by 2014, local differentiation in beak length had been lost, likely as a consequence of increased gene flow. In this study, I assess the relative contributions of natural selection and plasticity to beak length on these two hosts. I confirm the earlier hypothesis that the host plant seedpod drives divergent natural selection on beak length. I then demonstrate that the proximate cause of the loss of observable differentiation in beak length is maladaptive plasticity, which masks persistent genetic differences between host-associated populations. Maladaptive plasticity is highest in areas where the two plants co-occur; in combination with historical measures of plasticity in hybrids, this indicates that maladaptive plasticity may be a consequence of ongoing gene flow. Although natural selection produced locally adapted genotypes in soapberry bugs, maladaptive plasticity is masking phenotypic differences between populations in nature.
Effect of Parecoxib on the Change of Shoulder Pain Threshold After Gynecological Laparoscopies
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01843010. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Focusing the Shoulder or Considering the Whole-Body in Volleyball Physiotherapy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT07072091. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 1. Publications: 2.
Upper Extremity Function, Shoulder Position Sense and Disability Level İn Patients With Multiple Sclerosis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03846336. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Dry Needling and Shoulder Muscle Blood Flow, Motions, and Pain Sensitivity in Individuals with Shoulder Pain
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05596240. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 9.
Prediction of Functional Disability and Clinical Trial in Subjects With Stiff Shoulders
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01813396. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Lavage and Suction of the Right Upper Quadrant to Reduce Post Laparoscopic Shoulder Pain
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02004470. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
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