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767 results for “Soil Moisture”
African Savanna grasses outperform trees across the full spectrum of soil moisture availability
<p>Summary</p> <ul> <li>Models of tree-grass coexistence in savannas make different assumptions about the relative performance of trees and grasses under wet vs. dry conditions. We quantified transpiration and drought tolerance traits in 26 tree and 19 grass species from the African savanna biome across a gradient of soil water potentials to test for a tradeoff between water use under wet conditions and drought tolerance.</li> <li>We measured whole-plant hourly transpiration in a growth chamber and quantified drought tolerance using leaf osmotic potential (Ψ<sub>osm</sub>). We also quantified whole-plant water use efficiency (WUE) and relative growth rate (RGR) under well-watered conditions.</li> <li>Grasses transpired twice as much as trees on a leaf-mass basis across all soil water potentials. Grasses also had a lower Ψ<sub>osm</sub> than trees, indicating higher drought tolerance in the former. Higher grass transpiration and WUE combined to largely explain the threefold RGR advantage in grasses.</li> <li>Our results suggest that grasses outperform trees under a wide range of conditions, and that there is no evidence for a trade-off in water use patterns in wet vs. dry soils. This work will help inform mechanistic models of water use in savanna ecosystems, providing much-needed whole-plant parameter estimates for African species.</li> </ul>
SM2RAIN CHINA: 1 km rainfall estimation for CHINA region derived from SMCI Soil Moisture (2000-2020)
<p><strong>SM2RAIN-SMCI provides rainfall estimates for the whole CHINA at 1 km/daily spatial resolution </strong>by applying SM2RAIN algorithm (<em>Brocca et al., 2014; 2019) </em>to Soil Moisture data from SMCI Soil moisture (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5267-2022"><em>https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-5267-2022</em></a>) for the period from January 2000 to December 2020 (21 years). The SM2RAIN-SMCI rainfall dataset (in mm/day) is provided over a regular grid at 0.01-degree sampling. The product represents the accumulated rainfall between the 00:00 and the 23:59 UTC of the indicated day. The uncalibrated SM2RAIN version (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2481-2022">https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2481-2022</a>) was adopted to obtain rainfall. Precipitation data from HRLT (<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4793-2022">https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-4793-2022</a>) were adopted to obtain mean climatology.</p> <p>The rainfall dataset is provided in NetCDF format. To simplify data access, the CHINA region is divided in 101 subregion containing 540 (longitude) * 360 (latitude) pixels each.</p>
Soil moisture data across a Florida scrub and sandhill landscape collected from 1998-2018 at Archbold Biological Station
This project was initiated 1998 to examine the variation in percent soil moisture in relation to rainfall, vegetation type, gaps, and time-since-fire in upland habitats at Archbold Biological Station, in south-central Florida. Data were collected from 78 sampling points across four vegetation types (rosemary scrub, scrubby flatwoods, oak-hickory scrub and sandy roadsides) with different time-since-fires (2-3 years or >20 years post-fire). In January 2006, 30 additional sampling points were added to include a fourth vegetation type (southern ridge sandhill). Data were collected at three depths below the soil surface (10, 50 and 90 cm) weekly (1 October 1998 – 9 June 1999), then bi-weekly (23 June 1999 – 3 October 2001), monthly (17 October 2001 – 15 June 2011), and every other month thereafter until the project ended on 16 July 2018.
Seasonal relationships between soil respiration and water-extractable carbon as influenced by soil temperature and moisture in forest soils of the Andrews Experimental Forest, 1992-1993
The overall objective of this study is to model trace gas emissions from forest soils of the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. This is to be accomplished by studying trace gas emissions and related variable at a set of 20 permanent plots at the HJA.
Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Soil moisture in long-term study plots, 1999-2011
The Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) has established a network of long-term permanent biogeochemical study plots. These plots will provide long-term data on vegetation, soil and hydrologic processes in the key ecosystem types within the urban ecosystem. The current network of study plots includes eight forest plots, chosen to represent the range of forest conditions in the area, and four grass plots. These plots are complemented by a network of 200 less intensive study plots located across the Baltimore metropolitan area. Plots are currently instrumented with lysimeters (drainage and tension) to sample soil solution chemistry, time domain reflectometry probes to measure soil moisture, dataloggers to measure and record soil temperature and trace gas flux chambers to measure the flux of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane from soil to the atmosphere. Measurements of in situ nitrogen mineralization, nitrification and denitrification were made at approximately monthly intervals from Fall 1998 - Fall 2000. Detailed vegetation characterization (all layers) was done in summer 1998. This data record contains near-monthly water content measurements, and the record continues with hourly data found in: Baltimore Ecosystem Study: Soil moisture and temperature along an urban to rural gradient, 2011- present https://portal.edirepository.org/nis/mapbrowse?scope=knb-lter-bes&identifier=3400 Data from these plots has been published in the following papers: Groffman PM, Pouyat RV, Cadenasso ML, Zipperer WC, Szlavecz K, Yesilonis IC,. Band LE and Brush GS. 2006. Land use context and natural soil controls on plant community composition and soil nitrogen and carbon dynamics in urban and rural forests. Forest Ecology and Management 236:177-192. Groffman, P.M., C.O. Williams, R.V. Pouyat, L.E. Band and I.C. Yesilonis. 2009. Nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide flux in urban forests and grasslands. Journal of Environmental Quality 38:1848-1860. Groffman, P.M. and R.V. Pouyat. 2009. Meth
Soil Moisture taken with a neutron probe 1969-1974 from 11 sites: Weekly
These original basic fertilization experiments were started to give preliminary information for designing future experiments and to study basic long term fertilization responses in a range of age classes for the dominant forest types of interior Alaska. In addition, the instrumentation of the control plots provide long term information on various environmental parameters. No fertilization or growth measurements were done in the black spruce stands.
Bonanza Creek moisture gradient soil core data: 2004.
This dataset contains the results of a soil sampling effort undertaken in 2004 along a landscape gradient within the Bonanza Creek LTER. Soils were sampled at 5 sites located within unique vegetative environments ranging from a wetland to an upland forest over a distance of 260 m. Data includes, but is not limited to percent carbon, percent nitrogen, 13C of the gas phase, 14C of the gas phase, 13C of the solid phase, bulk density, CO2 flux and DOC.
Bonanza Creek moisture gradient soil core data: 2005.
This dataset contains the results of a soil sampling effort undertaken in 2005 along a landscape gradient within the Bonanza Creek LTER. Soils were sampled at 5 sites located within unique vegetative environments ranging from a wetland to an upland forest over a distance of 260 m. Data includes, but is not limited to percent carbon, percent nitrogen, 13C of the gas phase, 14C of the gas phase, 13C of the solid phase, bulk density, CO2 flux and DOC
APEX beta NW site: hourly soil temperature, soil moisture, air temperature and RH, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), and rain.
This dataset contains hourly averages of air temperature and RH, soil temperature and moisture, PAR, and rain. This basic environmental data supports the other research that is going on at this site.
APEX beta SE site: hourly soil temperature, soil moisture and net radiation.
This dataset contains hourly averages of soil temperature and moisture, and net radiation. This basic environmental data supports the other research that is going on at this site.
APEX beta SW site: hourly soil temperature, and soil moisture.
This dataset contains hourly averages of soil temperature and moisture. This basic environmental data supports the other research that is going on at this site.
APEX gamma black spruce site: hourly soil temperature, soil moisture, air temperature and RH and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR).
This dataset contains hourly averages of air temperature and RH, soil temperature and moisture, and PAR. This basic environmental data supports the other research that is going on at this site.
Soil Moisture (VWC) at LTER Moisture Manipulation Treatments
This dataset contains the hourly output from sensors located within the moisture manipulation plots at BNZ. Upland snowout shelters went into use winter of 2008/2009.Floodplain snowout shelters started going up winter 2009/2010.
Soil Temperature at LTER Moisture Manipulation Treatments
This dataset contains the hourly output from sensors located within the moisture manipulation plots at BNZ. Upland snowout shelters went into use winter of 2008/2009.Floodplain snowout shelters started going up winter 2009/2010.
Alaska Peatland Experiment: Biweekly flux data and environmental measurements (soil temperature, soil moisture, seasonal thaw depth, water table depth)
This dataset contains ecosystem respiration data measured biweekly at the Alaska Peatland Experiment (APEX) gradient plots. Five plots encompass the gradient all changing in dominant vegetation type. Plot labels are as follows: BS (Black Spruce), WB (Shrub), TG (Grass), EC (Sedge/forb), Control (Rich fen). Data set also includes environmental data (soil temperature, soil moisture, seasonal thaw depth, water table depth) taken at the same time as each flux.
Post-fire succession in 1994 Hajdukovich Creek burn: Measurements of soil moisture
This dataset contains soil moisture measurements taken using a handheld Campbell Scientific Hydrosense probe during July and August 2009 in the 1994 Hajdukovich Creek Burn. Meaurements were taken at 2 cm below the soil surface (organic layer) and at 15 cm below the soil surface (mineral layer).
Soil Temperature and Moisture Data Collected from Permafrost and Fire Research Sites near Delta Junction, Alaska from 2008-2019
This dataset contains the hourly output from soil moisture and temperature sensors located near Delta Junction, Alaska. These sensors are located in four sites: 1. no permafrost, unburned 2. no permafrost burned 3. permafrost, unburned 4. permafrost (preburn), burned
Soil moisture: BioCON : Biodiversity, Elevated CO2, and N Enrichment
BioCON (Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen) is an ecological experiment started in 1997 at the University of Minnesota's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve. BioCON's goal is to explore the ways in which plant communities will respond to three environmental changes that are known to be occurring on a global scale: increasing nitrogen deposition, increasing atmospheric CO2, and decreasing biodiversity. Why Biodiversity, CO2, and Nitrogen? While there are many uncertainties in global change biology, there are also some well documented facts. Some of these are: 1. The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is rising. Since the industrial revolution, the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from approximately 275 parts per million (ppm) to about 378 ppm today. This has been largely the result of fossil fuel burning. It is expected that CO2 levels will continue to rise, and that by the year 2050 these levels will be approximately 550 ppm. CO2 is the raw material for photosynthesis and is known to affect plant growth and development. 2. The amount of nitrogen moving through terrestrial ecosystems has increased in the recent past. While natural "background" levels of nitrogen fixation have remained constant, human additions to the system through fertilizer production and fossil fuel use have increased dramatically. Nitrogen is a key nutrient for plant growth and plays a critical role in plant community structure and composition in many environments. 3. Biodiversity levels are falling. While the research and data are not as complete as they are for CO2 and nitrogen, data indicate that the number of species globally, is being reduced. Perhaps more important for ecosystem function, diversity levels on local to regional scales have fallen due to land use change, biotic invasion and many other drivers. While much is known about how each of these factors affects ecosystem functioning, many questions remain. There is also little data on how these issues affe
Continuously measured forest soil moisture at four sites in the Coweeta Basin
Volumetric soil water content was measured at four locations in the Coweeta Basin across a range of elevations. At each location, soil water content was measured from 0 to 30 cm and from 30 to 60 cm. In addition, air temperature was measured at 100 cm height and soil temperature was measured at 5 and 20 cm depth. At two locations photosynthetic available radiation (PAR) was measured below and above canopy. Measurements are recorded every 60 seconds and data output hourly.
Percent soil moisture on southern pine beetle and non-southern pine beetle impacted permanent plots in Coweeta white pine watershed 1 from 2002 to 2003
Soil moisture was compared between beetle-impacted and non-beetle-impacted white pine plots in watershed 1.
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