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FIGURE 10 in Eocene/Oligocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifers (DWAF) assemblages from the Madonie Mountains (Sicily, Southern Italy)

FIGURE 10. Depth distribution of some selected and frequent taxa according to data presented by van Morkhoven et al. (1986), Kaminski and Gradstein (2005) and Waśkowa (2014).

FIGURE 19 in Eocene/Oligocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifers (DWAF) assemblages from the Madonie Mountains (Sicily, Southern Italy)

FIGURE 19. Scanning electron micrographs of Haplophragmoididae (1-6), Sphaeramminidae (7-10), Lituolidae (11- 14), and Recurvoidea (15-25) from the Caltavuturo Formation cropping out at Portella Colla. 1-2, Haplophragmoides cf. latissimusuturalis Smith, 1971, PC3. 3, Haplophragmoides sp. 3, PC060615. 4, Haplophragmoides sp. 4, PC060601. 5, Haplophragmoides sp. 5, PC060615. 6, Haplophragmoides sp. 6, PC060621. 7-8, Praesphaerammina subgaleata (Vašiček, 1947), PC11 (7) and PC1 (8). 9-10, Ammosphaeroidina pseudopauciloculata (Mjatliuk, 1966), PC060604 (9) and PC060604 (10). 11, Ammobaculites agglutinans (d'Orbigny, 1846), PC060615. 12, Ammobaculites sp. 1, PC060607. 13, Ammobaculites sp. 3, PC15. 14, Ammobaculites sp. 2, PC060625. 15-16, Budashevaella multicamerata (Voloshinova and Budasheva, 1961), PC060604. 17, Cribrostomoides subglobosus (Cushman, 1910), PC060604. 18, Recurvoidella lamella (Grzybowski, 1898), PC060601. 19, Recurvoides anormis Mjatliuk, 1970, PC5. 20, Recurvoides sp. 1, PC060601. 21, Recurvoides sp. 2, PC060623. 22, Recurvoides nucleolus (Grzybowski, 1898), MM3. 23, Recurvoides walteri (Grzybowski, 1898), PC5. 24, Trochammina bifaciata Friedberg, 1901, PC060604. 25, Thalmannammina subturbinata (Grzybowski, 1898), MM14. Scale bar equals 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 1 in Eocene/Oligocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifers (DWAF) assemblages from the Madonie Mountains (Sicily, Southern Italy)

FIGURE 1. Schematic geological map with location of the investigated section (1). The study section is located at Portella Colla (2) in the Madonie Mountains, Sicily (3).

FIGURE 21 in Eocene/Oligocene deep-water agglutinated foraminifers (DWAF) assemblages from the Madonie Mountains (Sicily, Southern Italy)

FIGURE 21. Scanning electron micrographs of Cyclamminidae from the Caltavuturo Formation cropping out at Portella Colla. 1-3, Reticulophragmium acutidorsatum (Hantken, 1868), PC3. 4-7, Reticulophragmium amplectens (Grzybowski, 1898), PC3. 8-10, Reticulophragmium rotundidorsatum (Hantken, 1875), PC060624. 11-12, Cyclammina cancellata Brady, 1879, PC22. 13-14, Reticulophragmium projectum Schröder-Adams and McNeil, 1994, PC060624. 15, Cyclammina placenta (Reuss, 1851), PC11. Scale bar equals 0.5 mm.

FIG. 5 in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 5. — Trachyaspis lardyi Meyer, 1843 (MAUL 988/1 detail), photograph and interpretative drawing. Note the hexagonal, narrow and elongated shape of the neural plate, and the proximal portion of the adjoining left pleural plate. Keels are represented by hard lines, and sectioned surface in grey. Abbreviations: n, neural; pl, pleural. Scale bar: 10 mm.

FIG. 4 in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 4. — Trachyaspis lardyi Meyer, 1843 (MAUL 992/1), photograph and interpretative drawing of a large portion of a cheloniid carapace. Note the presence of three parallel ridges, the scute sulci pattern (where visible) and the sculptured surface. Abbreviations: bj, bone junction (dotted line); fs, fragmented surface (grey); r, ridge (continuous line); ss, scute sulci (dashed line). Scale bar: 50 mm.

FIG. 1. — A in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 1. — A, Testudo varicosa Costa, 1851 (MP-CMSNN 8448), type specimen, original drawing by Costa (1864) and photograph of the slab as preserved nowadays. Note that Costa did not follow the original position of the specimen in the slab. T. varicosa is here considered a junior synonym of Trachyaspis lardyi Meyer, 1843; B, Euclastes melii Misuri, 1910 remains, photo and reconstruction (modified from Misuri 1910). Note that a large portion of the reconstructed carapace is not represented in the fossil. Scale bars: A, 40 mm; B, 50 mm.

FIG. 2 in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 2. — Psephophorus polygonus Meyer, 1846 (MAUL 1008/1), photographs and interpretative drawings: A, dorsal view of the slab and the detail of some elongated ossicles. At left, note the two longitudinal and almost parallel ridges, indicated by hard lines, and that more than five ossicles are present between two ridges; at right, some elongated ossicles that form the ridge are shown; B, transversal section of a ridge: the visceral surface is flat and the dorsal one is convex, the ridge sides are low tilted and the apex is rounded. Abbreviations: sec, section; sed, sediment. Grey areas indicate fragmented surfaces. Scale bars: 50 mm.

FIG. 3 in Fossil sea turtles (Chelonii, Dermochelyidae and Cheloniidae) from the Miocene of Pietra Leccese (late Burdigalian-early Messinian), Southern Italy

FIG. 3. — Psephophorus polygonus Meyer, 1846 (MAUL 990/1a-l), geometric relationships among the slabs belonging to a single specimen. At present, this is the largest known portion of a P. polygonus carapace so far reported in the literature. The ridges are indicated by hard lines. Scale bar: 200 mm.

Figure 8 in First European evidence for transcontinental dispersal of Crocodylus (late Neogene of southern Italy)

Figure 8. Osteoderms in dorsal (A, B, D) and lateral (C) views. A, RGM 454946; B, RGM 453781; C, RGM 454947; D, RGM 454948. Scale bar equals 10 mm.

Figure 9 in First European evidence for transcontinental dispersal of Crocodylus (late Neogene of southern Italy)

Figure 9. Late Miocene crocodylian localities in the Mediterranean area. Black dots, early Tortonian localities with tomistomine fossils; open circles, Tortonian and Messinian localities with crocodylians of unresolved phylogenetic relationships; black square, Gargano fossil locality with Crocodylus sp. (Miocene–Pliocene transition); open square, Sahabi fossil locality with Crocodylus checchiai (Late Neogene – Miocene–Pliocene transition?). Data from Böhme & Ilg (2003).

Figure 6 in First European evidence for transcontinental dispersal of Crocodylus (late Neogene of southern Italy)

Figure 6. Pectoral girdle elements probably belonging to the same specimen: A, right scapula (RGM 455328); B, right coracoid (RGM 455327). Both in lateral view; scale bar equals 10 mm.

Figure 7 in First European evidence for transcontinental dispersal of Crocodylus (late Neogene of southern Italy)

Figure 7. Vertebrae in right lateral view. A, centrum of cervical vertebra (RGM 453472) separated from the missing neural arch at the level of the open neurocentral suture and showing a long hypapophysis; B, dorsal or lumbar vertebra (DSTF GH2); C, caudal vertebra (RGM 215348). Scale bar equals 10 mm.

Figure 5. A, B in First European evidence for transcontinental dispersal of Crocodylus (late Neogene of southern Italy)

Figure 5. A, B, the lower jaw (RGM 335893) shows no sign of third and fourth confluent alveoli. A, dorsal view; B, detail of the third and fourth alveoli, on the left of the image; C, isolated tooth (RGM 454950) in mesial view; D, isolated tooth (RGM 454280) in labial view. Scale bar equals 10 mm.

Fig. 6. Pietraroia specimen MPN A01 in New lizards and rhynchocephalians from the Lower Cretaceous of southern Italy

Fig. 6. Pietraroia specimen MPN A01/82. A. Complete specimen (but without distal one third of tail). B. Midcaudal vertebra.

Fig. 5 in New lizards and rhynchocephalians from the Lower Cretaceous of southern Italy

Fig. 5. Eichstaettisaurus gouldi sp. nov. Disarticulated skull within the body cavity of Pietraroia specimen MPN A01/82. A. Drawing of skull components. B. As preserved in the specimen.

Fig. 10. Visceral structures. A in New lizards and rhynchocephalians from the Lower Cretaceous of southern Italy

Fig. 10. Visceral structures. A. The gut of Sphenodon punctatus (redrawn from Guibé 1970: fig. 403); not to scale. B, C. Pietraroia specimen MPN A01/82, abdominal region; scale bars 2 mm. B. Simplified figure showing arrangement of gut parts. C. The central part of the specimen.

Fig. 4. Eichstaettisaurus. A, B in New lizards and rhynchocephalians from the Lower Cretaceous of southern Italy

Fig. 4. Eichstaettisaurus. A, B. Eichstaettisaurus gouldi sp. nov., holotype MNP 19457. A. Right pes, complete (A1), enlargements of fourth (A2), and third (A3) digits to show how breakage creates the impression of a spatulate tip. B. Digit from right manus. C. E. schroederi, BSPHM 1937 I 1, manus ungual for comparison; not to scale.