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666 results for “Translocation”
Data from: Translocation of wild populations: conservation implications for the genetic diversity of the black-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera
Translocation has been widely studied as a tool for conservation management to restore or enhance degraded populations. On the contrary few studies have been conducted on translocation for commercial purposes. In this study we evaluate the genetic consequences of translocation of wild individuals of Pinctada margaritifera on farmed and adjacent wild populations. We tested the hypotheses that translocations would induce high genetic heterogeneity in farmed populations and this heterogeneity would then leak into the adjacent wild populations. In fact, farmed samples exhibit high levels of heterogeneity and low pairwise relatedness compared to wild populations, highlighting the pooling of genetically divergent populations into farms. We also demonstrate that this heterogeneity is transmitted to adjacent wild populations as a result of interbreeding. Adjacent wild populations tend to have higher genetic diversity values and greater pairwise relatedness coefficient with farmed populations than wild populations. Overall pearl culture in French Polynesia promotes the mixing of unrelated individuals in farmed locations and reduces genetic divergence among geographically distant populations as well as among farmed and wild populations of a same lagoon. We also studied for the first time, a farmed population originating from spat collected in a lagoon where release of hatchery produced larvae occurred ten year ago and we were able to identify four distinct genetic groups. These groups contribute highly to reproduction and caused considerable genetic drift in the lagoon, suggesting that hatchery produced larvae are neither sustainable method for pearl culture nor for conserving the diversity of P. margaritifera in French Polynesia.
Data from: A reciprocal translocation radically reshapes sex-linked inheritance in the common frog
X and Y chromosomes can diverge when rearrangements block recombination between them. Here we present the first genomic view of a reciprocal translocation that causes two physically unconnected pairs of chromosomes to be coinherited as sex chromosomes. In a population of the common frog (Rana temporaria), both pairs of X and Y chromosomes show extensive sequence differentiation, but not degeneration of the Ys. A new method based on gene trees shows both chromosomes are sex-linked. Further, the gene trees from the two Y chromosomes have identical topologies, showing they have been coinherited since the reciprocal translocation occurred. Reciprocal translocations can thus reshape sex linkage on a much grander scale than do inversions, the type of rearrangement that is much better known in sex chromosome evolution, and they can greatly amplify the power of sexually antagonistic selection to drive genomic rearrangement. Two other populations show evidence of yet other rearrangements, suggesting that this species has unprecedented structural polymorphism in its sex chromosomes.
Data from: Small population size and low genomic diversity have no effect on fitness in experimental translocations of a wild fish
<p>Little empirical work in nature has quantified how wild populations with varying effective population sizes and genetic diversity perform when exposed to a gradient of ecologically important environmental conditions. To achieve this, juvenile brook trout from 12 isolated populations or closed metapopulations that differ substantially in population size and genetic diversity were transplanted to previously fishless ponds spanning a wide gradient of ecologically important variables. We evaluated the effect of genome-wide variation, effective population size (Ne), pond habitat, and initial body size on two fitness correlates (survival and growth). Genetic variables had little effect on either fitness correlate, which were determined primarily by habitat (pond temperature, depth, and pH) and initial body size. These results suggest that some vertebrate populations with low genomic diversity, low Ne and long-term isolation can represent important sources of variation and be capable of maintaining fitness in, and ultimately persisting and adapting to, changing environments. Our results also reinforce the paramount importance of improving available habitat and slowing habitat degradation for species conservation.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Redescription of Alonella lineolata Sars, 1901 (Crustacea, Cladocera, Chydoridae) and its translocation to the subfamily Aloninae and to the new genus Bergamina gen. nov.
FIGURE 2. Bergamina lineolata (Sars, 1901). A, Adult parthenogenetic female. B, anterior region. C, head pores. D, rostrum. E, labrum. F–I, valve (F, general; G, anterior; H, ventral; I, posterior margin). J, postabdomen (arrow shows the lateral fascicles). K, distal part of postabdomen and claw. L, antennule. M, antenna. N, mandibles.
FIGURE 4 in Redescription of Alonella lineolata Sars, 1901 (Crustacea, Cladocera, Chydoridae) and its translocation to the subfamily Aloninae and to the new genus Bergamina gen. nov.
FIGURE 4. Bergamina lineolata (Sars 1901), SEM. A–B, Head shield showing the main head pores; lateral head pores are not visible. C, Carapace ornamentation. D, Postabdomen. E–F, Basal spine, formed by a series of spinules partially merged.
FIGURE 1 in Redescription of Alonella lineolata Sars, 1901 (Crustacea, Cladocera, Chydoridae) and its translocation to the subfamily Aloninae and to the new genus Bergamina gen. nov.
FIGURE 1. Bergamina lineolata (Sars, 1901). A, Sars's original drawings of the parthenogenetic female and postabdomen. B, Adult parthenogenetic female, slide EL02307. C, Postabdomen, slide EL02307.
FIGURE 3 in Redescription of Alonella lineolata Sars, 1901 (Crustacea, Cladocera, Chydoridae) and its translocation to the subfamily Aloninae and to the new genus Bergamina gen. nov.
FIGURE 3. Bergamina lineolata (Sars 1901), appendages of parthenogenetic female. A–E, First thoracic limb (A, general view; B, IDL and ODL; C, endite 1; D, endite 2; E, endite 3). F–I, Second thoracic limb (F, scrapers; G, posterior hillocks to scrapers 1–4; H, gnathobase; I, exopodite). J, Third Limb. K–M, Fourth thoracic limb (K, Exopodite; L, inner endite portion; M, distal armature of gnathobase). N, Fifth thoracic limb. Setae numbers are explained in text. ans, anterior naked seta on endite 1 of the first limb.
FIGURE 3 in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 3. Ovalona nuragica from small temporary pond near Laguna de Bonache, near Siles town, Jaén, Spain. A–J, parthenogenetic female. A, variability of labral keels; B, postabdomen; C, postanal margin of postabdomen; D, postabdominal claw; E, antennule; F–G, antenna; H–I, thoracic limb II; J, thoracic limb V; K–M, adult male. K, postabdomen; L, distal part of postabdomen; M, antennule.
FIGURE 1 in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 1. Ovalona nuragica from small temporary pond near Laguna de Bonache, near Siles town, Jaén, Spain. A, juvenile female of instar I; B, juvenile female of instar II; C–I, adult parthenogenetic female; C–D, lateral view; E, ventral margin of valves; F, setae from posterior part of ventral margin of valves; G, posteroventral angle of valves; H, head shield; I, head pores; J, ephippial female; K, adult male.
FIGURE 9 in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 9. Ovalona cambouei (Guerne & Richard, 1983) from paddy field near Shorkul' lake, Khoresm Area, Uzbekistan. A– H, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; B, ventral margin of valves; C, posteroventral margin of valves; D–E, headshield; F–G, head pores; H, postabdomen; I, ephippial female; J–K, adult male. J, lateral view; K, postabdomen.
FIGURE 6. A–E in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 6. A–E, Ovalona anastasia (Sinev, Alonso, Miracle & Sahuqillo, 2012), from Sinev et al., (2012). A–C, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; B, head pores; C, postabdomen; D–E, adult male. D, lateral view; E, postabdomen; F– G, Ovalona azorica (Frenzel & Alonso, 1988), from Sinev et al. (2012), parthenoghenetic female. F, head pores; G, postabdomen; H–L, Ovalona setulosa (Megard, 1967), from Sinev (2009). H–J, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; J, head pores; I, postabdomen; K–L, adult male. K, lateral view; L, postabdomen.
FIGURE 5. A–H in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 5. A–H, Ovalona nigra (Smirnov, 1996), from Kotov et al. (2010). A–E, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; B, head pores; C, middle segment of abdomen; D, postabdomen; E, postanal margin of postabdomen; F–H, adult male. F, lateral view; G, postabdomen; H, distal portion of postabdomen; I–K, Ovalona altiplana (Kotov, Sinev & Berrios, 2010), from Kotov et al. (2010), parthenogenetic female. I, lateral view; J, head pores; K, postabdomen; L–O, Ovalona anamariae (Sinev & Silvabriano, 2012), from Sinev & Silva-Briano (2012), parthenogenetic female. L, lateral view; M, ventral margin of valves; N, head pores; O, postabdomen.
FIGURE 8. A–D in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 8. A–D, Ovalona capensis (Rühe, 1921), parthenogenetic female, redrawn from Van Damme et al., 2013. A, lateral view; B, rostrum; C, head pores; D, postabdomen; E–H, Ovalona bromelicola (Smirnov, 1988) parthenogenetic female, from Sinev (2002b). E, lateral view; F, head pores; G, postabdomen; H, antennule; I–M, Ovalona glabra (Sars, 1901), I and K–M from Sinev & Silva-Briano (2012), J from Sinev (2001a). I–K, parthenogenetic female. I, lateral view; J, head pores; K, postabdomen; L–M, adult male. L, lateral view; M, postabdomen.
FIGURE 2 in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 2. Ovalona nuragica from small temporary pond near Laguna de Bonache, near Siles town, Jaén, Spain. A–E, parthenogenetic female; A–B, same specimen in lateral and latero-frontal view; C, head pores; D, main head pores; E, lateral head pore; F, ephippial female.
FIGURE 4 in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 4. Ovalona nuragica from small temporary pond near Laguna de Bonache, near Siles town, Jaén, Spain. A–E, thoracic limbs parthenogenetic female. A, limb I; B, exopodite of limb III; C, inner portion of limb III; D, exopodite of limb IV; E, inner portion of limb IV; F, adult male, limb I; G–K, parthenogenetic female with abnormal morphology of limbs; G, ejector hooks of limb I; H, endite 1 of limb I; I–J, inner portions of limbs III; K, inner portion of limb IV.
FIGURE 7. A–B in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 7. A–B, Ovalona weinecki (Studer, 1878), parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view, redrawn from Frey, 1988; B, postabdomen, redrawn from Van Damme & Dumont, 2008; C–G, Ovalona archeri (Sars, 1988), from Sinev (2002c). C–E, parthenogenetic female. C, lateral view; D, head pores; E, postabdomen; F–G, adult male. F, lateral view; G, postabdomen; H– N, Ovalona aguascalientensis (Sinev & Silva-Briano, 2012), from Sinev & Silva-Briano (2012). H–L, parthenogenetic female. H, lateral view; I, posteroventral margin of valves; J–K, head pores; L, postabdomen; M–N, adult male. M, lateral view; N, postabdomen.
FIGURE 11. A–C in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 11. A–C, Ovalona karelica Stenroos, redrawn from Hudec (2010). A–B, parthenogenetic female. A, lateral view; B, postabdomen; C, postabdomen of adult male; D–N, Ovalona pulchella (King, 1853). D–F, parthenogenetic female from Australia, from Sinev (2001b). D, lateral view; E, head pores. F, postabdomen; G–N, specimens from Tasmania, G–I, parthenogenetic female. G, lateral view; H, head pores; I, postabdomen; J–N, adult male. J, lateral view; K, postabdomen; L, antennule and outline of rostrum; M, limb I; N, IDL of limb I.
FIGURE 10 in Revision of the pulchella - group of Alona s. lato leads to its translocation to Ovalona Van Damme et Dumont, 2008 (Branchiopoda: Anomopoda: Chydoridae)
FIGURE 10. Ovalona cambouei (Guerne & Richard, 1983) from paddy field near Shorkul' lake, Khoresm Area, Uzbekistan. A–N, parthenogenetic female. A–B, labrum; C, antennule; D, antenna; E, limb I; F, IDL and ODL of limb I; G, limb II; H, exopodite of limb III; I–J, inner portion of limb III; K, exopodite of limb IV; L–M, inner portion of limb IV. N, limb V. O–Q, adult male. O, limb I; P. copulatory hook and IDL of limb I; Q, antennule.
Pro-inflammatory activation of primary microglia and macrophages increases 18kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) expression in rodents but not humans
<p>Data underpinning JCBFM paper entitled: Pro-inflammatory activation of primary microglia and macrophages increases 18kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO) expression in rodents but not humans</p>
Data for behavioral state-dependent habitat selection analysis of translocated female greater sage-grouse, North Dakota 2018-2020
<p>This dataset is associated with the article, "Behavioral state-dependent habitat selection and implications for animal translocations" (Picardi et al., 2021, Journal of Applied Ecology).</p> <p>Post-release monitoring of translocated animals can be used to inform future translocation protocols. In particular, quantifying habitat selection of translocated individuals may help identify features that characterize suitable settlement habitat and inform the choice of future release sites; however, because translocated animals undergo post-release behavioral modification, the underlying behavioral state needs to be taken into account.</p> <p>We analyzed behavioral state-dependent habitat selection in female greater sage-grouse (<i>Centrocercus urophasianus</i>) translocated from Wyoming to North Dakota, USA, using Hidden Markov Models in combination with Integrated Step Selection Analysis. This dataset includes GPS tracks (resampled at a 6-hour resolution using a Continuous Time Movement Model) for 48 individuals translocated between 2018 and 2020, along with environmental variables associated with each location. We segmented each track into behavioral phases corresponding to an exploratory state, characterized by broad and directed movements, and a restricted state, characterized by short and tortuous movements. Then, we quantified habitat selection in each state while also accounting for seasonality and individual reproductive status.</p> <p>Habitat selection of translocated sage-grouse differed between the post-release exploration and the settlement phase. While in the exploratory state, sage-grouse exhibited natal habitat preference induction by selecting for high sagebrush cover, typical of their natal area but not of the release area. In the restricted state, sage-grouse selected for gentle topography and also adjusted their habitat selection based on the season and their reproductive needs.</p>
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