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171 results for “carbon isotopes”
Riparian cottonwood trees and adjacent river sediments have different microbial communities and produce methane with contrasting carbon isotope compositions
<p class="Abstract">Rivers and their adjacent riparian forests are intimately linked by the exchange of water, nutrients, and organic matter. Both riparian cottonwood trees and adjacent river sediments host microbial communities including archaeal methanogens, supporting methane production and emission to the atmosphere. Here we combine microbial community and stable isotope analyses to characterize the drivers of methane cycling in distinct anoxic habitats (river sediments versus riparian cottonwood stems) in the Oldman River, southern Alberta (Canada). We demonstrate that, differences in the chemical characteristics of organic matter support divergent microbial communities that generate methane from distinct metabolic pathways. Organic matter in river sediments had C/N ratios approximately 50-fold lower than in tree stems and had more diverse dissolved organic components. Contrasting substrate availability between river sediment and tree stems was likely the primary mechanism for the observed differences in bacterial and methanogen community compositions, and greater microbial diversity in river sediments than in tree stems. The methane carbon isotope composition (δ<sup>13</sup>C values) differed for the tree stem (-103.6 to -70.6‰) and river sediment (-55.1 to -48.4‰) environments, suggesting that methane was primarily produced via CO<sub>2</sub>-reduction in tree stems by Methanobacteriales, while river sediments produced more methane through acetate fermentation primarily by Methanosarcinales. This study demonstrates the importance of organic matter quality and microbial community composition in driving metabolic processes contributing to methane production and emission in rivers and adjacent riparian forests.</p>
Carbon and oxygen isotope data (550 B.C. to 950 A.D.) from Basura cave (BA14-1), northern Italy
<p>This dataset contains the carbon and oxygen isotope data during 550 B.C. to 950 A.D. from Basura cave, northern Italy (BA14-1)</p>
Physiological control on carbon isotope fractionation in marine phytoplankton
<p><span>One of the great challenges in biogeochemical research over the past half a century has been to quantify and understand the mechanisms underlying stable carbon isotope fractionation (εp) in phytoplankton in response to changing CO2 concentrations. Partly, this interest is grounded in the use of fossil photosynthetic organism remains as a proxy for past atmospheric CO2 levels. Phytoplankton organic carbon is depleted in 13C compared to its source because of kinetic fractionation by the enzyme RubisCO during photosynthetic carbon fixation, as well as through physiological pathways upstream of RubisCO. Moreover, other factors such as nutrient limitation, variations in light regime as well as phytoplankton culturing systems and inorganic carbon manipulation approaches may confound the influence of aquatic CO2 concentration ([CO2]) on εp. Here, based on experimental data compiled from the literature, we assess which underlying physiological processes cause the observed differences in εp for various phytoplankton groups in response to C-demand/C-supply (i.e., POC production/[CO2]) and test potential confounding factors. Culturing approaches and methods of carbonate chemistry manipulation were found to best explain the differences in εp between studies, although daylength was an important predictor for εp in haptophytes. Extrapolating results from culturing experiments to natural environments and for proxy applications therefore requires caution, and it should be carefully considered whether culture methods and experimental conditions are representative of natural environments.</span></p>
Determining sugar and molasses origin by non-exchangeable hydrogen stable isotope of ethanol and carbon isotope ratio mass spectrometry
<p>This study explores the differentiation of sugar and molasses produced from sugar beet and cane, which are susceptible to fraudulent labeling due to differing production costs. The research aimed to authenticate these products by botanical origin using novel analytical techniques. Utilizing ethanol isotopic measurement–isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) for non-exchangeable hydrogen stable isotopes alongside carbon stable isotopes analysis through elemental analyzer–IRMS, the study accurately identified the origin of various sugar and molasses samples, pinpointed mislabeled goods, and determined the source of products with previously unknown provenance. These methods were also effective in revealing sugar and molasses adulteration and quantifying the extent of such fraud. The combined isotope analyses demonstrated their potential as robust tools for combating misrepresentation and adulteration in the sugar industry.</p>
Alteration of carbonate clumped isotope composition by burial heating in foreland sediments of the Himalaya- Raw data and tables
<p>The file "Raw_data" includes all raw data relevant to the study titled "Alteration of carbonate clumped isotope composition by burial heating in foreland sediments of the Himalaya". It contains four sheets:</p> <p>1- General information about data processing in our lab and the specific parameters for the analytical session relevant to this study.</p> <p>2-Raw data for all individual analyses of unknown samples.</p> <p>3-Raw data for all individual analyses of carbonate standards.</p> <p>4-Raw data for all individual analyses of CO2 gases.</p> <p>The file "complete data and tables" includes all tables in the manuscript and all data needed to create the figures in the manuscript. </p>
Late Triassic carbon isotope anomalies in the Canadian Cordillera: Paleoenvironmental disturbances associated with the Norian/Rhaetian boundary and end-Triassic mass extinction event
<p>Appendices for "Late Triassic carbon isotope anomalies in the Canadian Cordillera: Paleoenvironmental disturbances associated with the Norian/Rhaetian boundary and end-Triassic mass extinction event".</p>
Paired X-ray Micro CT Scanning and individual foraminifera isotopic analysis reveal (de)coupled changes in carbonate preservation and temperature
<p>To assess the coupling between drivers of isotopic variability and carbonate dissolution in foraminifera, we combine individual foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotopic analyses (IFA) and X-ray MicroCT Scanning (XMCT)-based measurements of test densities (a proxy for the extent of post-depositional dissolution). As a proof-of-concept application of this approach, we analyze Globigerina bulloides tests from both coretop and downcore (latest Miocene/earliest Pliocene-aged) sediment from Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) Site 1088 (Agulhas Ridge).<br>Sediments from both the core intervals were wet-sieved over a 150 μm sieve and oven-dried at 55°C overnight. Individual tests of G. bulloides were picked from the >150 μm size fraction and gently brushed with the wet tip of a paintbrush to remove any adhering clay. Broken or partially fragmented tests were avoided. 25-50 individuals were mounted on a 1.2cm x 1 cm cardboard sample holder using double-sided carbon and imaged at a time on a Bruker Skyscan 1272 Micro-CT Scanner. In total, 123 individuals from the coretop sample and 88 individuals from the downcore sample were scanned.<br>Stable carbon (δ¹³C) and oxygen (δ¹⁸O) isotopic compositions of individual foraminifera were measured using a Kiel Carbonate Device IV coupled to a Thermo Fisher MAT 253 Plus Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (IRMS). All individuals were weighed on a Sartorius ultramicrobalance before analysis, and only samples with mass >10 µg were analyzed as per the long-term precision setup of analyzing small quantities of carbonates on this machine. The XMCT-IFA dataset in this study consists of δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values of 90 foraminifera (67 coretop and 23 downcore individuals). We compare population averages of XMCT parameters and isotopic compositions from both the coretop and downcore sediments.</p>
The stable isotope data, and statistic of percentage of bioturbation and their halo from early Cambrian carbonate, North China
<p>The stable isotope data, and statistic of percentage of bioturbation and their halo from early Cambrian carbonate, North China</p>
Bulk stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes of food residues on pottery, stable carbon isotopes of lipids from pottery
<p>Supplementary data for Philippsen, B. (2023) Changing diet in a changing world. In: Groß, D. and Rothstein , M. (eds) Changing Identities in a Changing World.</p>
Light calcium isotope anomaly observed in continental basaltic lavas: a mixed signal of recycled carbonate and fractionation during melting
<p>Table 1 and Supplementary Tables S1 to S7 which support for the manuscript 'Light calcium isotope anomaly observed in continental basaltic lavas: a mixed signal of recycled carbonate and fractionation during melting'.</p>
A carbon, nitrogen, and multi-isotope study of basalt glasses near 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Part A: Degassing processes
<p>All data appearing in the manuscript and any supplementary documents, figures, or tables of the paper "A carbon, nitrogen, and multi-isotope study of basalt glasses near 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.<strong> </strong>Part A: Degassing processes"<strong> </strong>at Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta<strong> </strong>by<strong> </strong>Bekaert et al., are available through this open access data repository.</p>
A carbon, nitrogen, and multi-isotope study of basalt glasses near 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Part B: Mantle source heterogeneities
<p>All data appearing in the manuscript and any supplementary documents, figures, or tables of the paper "A carbon, nitrogen, and multi-isotope study of basalt glasses near 14°N on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.<strong> </strong>Part B: Mantle source heterogeneities"<strong> </strong>at Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta<strong> </strong>by<strong> </strong>Bekaert et al., are available through this open access data repository.</p>
Tree-ring width, and tree-ring stable carbon isotope data from SW Alaska
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Data from: Carbon isotopes of C3 herbs correlate with temperature on removing the influence of precipitation across a temperature transect in the agro-pastoral ecotone of Northern China
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Physiological control on carbon isotope fractionation in marine phytoplankton
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Data from: Isotopic methods for non-destructive assessment of carbon dynamics in shrublands under long-term climate change manipulation
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Data from: Leaf carbon and oxygen isotopes are coordinated with the leaf economics spectrum in Mediterranean rangeland species
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Riparian cottonwood trees and adjacent river sediments have different microbial communities and produce methane with contrasting carbon isotope compositions
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Altitudinal variation of leaf carbon isotope for Dendrosenecio keniensis and Lobelia gregoriana in Mount Kenya alpine zone
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Food sources of benthic communities at the Caiwei Guyot and Yap Trench, northwestern Pacific Ocean: inferences from carbon and nitrogen isotopes
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