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434 results for “conspecifics”
Data from: Helper effects in the azure-winged magpie Cyanopica cyana in relation to highly-clumped nesting pattern and high frequency of conspecific nest-raiding
In avian cooperative breeding systems, many benefits obtained by social pairs from the presence of helpers have been uncovered. However, until now, the factors that determine the type of assistance helpers provide and the responses of social pairs have not been well illustrated. We examined the contribution of helpers to cooperative groups and the relevant responses of dominant pairs in the azure-winged magpie Cyanapica cyana which breeds on the Tibetan Plateau. We used the capture–mark–recapture method to identify helpers. Results showed that helpers were mostly the yearling sons of dominant pairs. They mainly contributed to the cooperative group in three ways, courtship-feeding the incubation female, provisioning the brood, and defending the nest. For responses of dominant pairs, we unexpectedly found that clutch size was not influenced by the presence of helpers at the nest. However, cooperative groups had higher brood feeding rates than biparental nests and their feeding pattern also differed to that of the latter. Consequently, nestlings in cooperative groups had larger fledging body mass than that in biparental nests. By examining reasons for nest failure, we revealed that conspecific nest-raiding contributed to more nest failure than any other natural predators. Because of the contribution of helpers in defending against both predators and conspecific nest-raiders, cooperative groups had higher survival rate than biparental nests. Thus, our findings suggest that in a highly-clumped nesting pattern, factors concerning the risk of nest predation, rather than that influencing food supply, play an important role in determining helper effects and responses of aided dominant pairs.
FIGURES 2A–E. Diamesa aculeata new species. A in New species of Diamesa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Tibet: conspecific males and females associated with mitochondrial DNA
FIGURES 2A–E. Diamesa aculeata new species. A, male genitalia in dorsal view. B, ventral view of pars ventralis, aedeagal lobe, basal plate and ventromesal margin of gonocoxite IX. C, ventral view of cuspidate microtrichia along dorsomesal edge of medial field. D, apex of anal point. E, female genitalia in lateral view.
FIGURES 3A–C. Diamesa spp., female genitalia. A–B in New species of Diamesa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Tibet: conspecific males and females associated with mitochondrial DNA
FIGURES 3A–C. Diamesa spp., female genitalia. A–B, Diamesa sp. Himalaya1 in ventral and lateral view. C, Diamesa sp. Himalaya2 in ventral view.
FIGURES 1A–E. Diamesa solhoyi new species. A, male tentorium. B in New species of Diamesa (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Tibet: conspecific males and females associated with mitochondrial DNA
FIGURES 1A–E. Diamesa solhoyi new species. A, male tentorium. B, male genitalia in dorsal view. C, ventral view of pars ventralis (pv), basal plate (bp), basimedial setal cluster (bs) and aedeagal lobe (al). D, female genitalia in lateral view. E, female genitalia in ventral view. Scale bars (C–D) are 250 µm.
FIGURE 39. Obolopteryx truncoangulata n in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 39. Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., gynandromorph, feminine-left side ovipositor, ovipositor's lobe and basal sclerite, in lateral view.
FIGURE 40. Obolopteryx truncoangulata n in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 40. Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., gynandromorph, feminine-left side ovipositor's lobe and basal sclerite, in lateral view.
FIGURE 38. Obolopteryx truncoangulata n in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 38. Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., gynandromorph, masculine-right side and feminine-left side subgenital plate, in ventral view.
FIGURE 37. Obolopteryx truncoangulata n in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 37. Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., gynandromorph, masculine-right side subgenital plate, in lateral view.
FIGURE 31 in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 31. Habitat of Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., Mexico, Tamaulipas, Palmillas, Ej. Arrieros.
FIGURE 6 in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 6. Male of Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., tenth abdominal tergite's semi-membranous projection and epiproct, in frontal view.
FIGURE 13 in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 13. Female of Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., ovipositor's lobe, subgenital plate and basal sclerite, in lateral view.
FIGURE 28 in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 28. Female of Obolopteryx brevihastata, ovipositor's lobe, subgenital plate and basal sclerites, in lateral view.
FIGURE 14 in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 14. Female of Obolopteryx truncoangulata n. sp., subgenital plate and basal sclerites, in ventral view.
FIGURE 22 in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 22. Male of Obolopteryx brevihastata, tenth tergite's semi-membranous projection and epiproct, in frontal view.
FIGURE 29 in A new species of the genus Obolopteryx Cohn et al. 2014 and a conspecific gynandromorph (Ensifera: Tettigoniidae: Phaneropterinae)
FIGURE 29. Female of Obolopteryx brevihastata, subgenital plate and basal sclerites in ventral view.
FIGURE 2 in Tests of conspecificity for closely related black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) species of the Simulium striatum group in Thailand
FIGURE 2. Individual variation in number and arrangement of pupal gill filaments of Simulium striatum group. A, B—left hand side with eight filaments and right hand side with 10 filaments; C, D—left hand side with nine filaments and right hand side with eight filaments; E, F—left hand side with nine filaments and right hand side with 10 filaments; G, H—left hand side with 10 filaments and right hand side with eight filaments; I, J– left hand side with nine filaments and right hand side with nine filaments.
FIGURE 1 in Tests of conspecificity for closely related black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) species of the Simulium striatum group in Thailand
FIGURE 1. Morphological characteristics of larva (A, D, G), head capsule (B, E, H) and gill filaments (C, F, I) of Simulium striatum species group in Thailand. A–C—S. chiangmaiense, D–F—S. nakhonense, G–I—S. quinquestriatum. Scale bar represents 700 µm. (D, E, F), head capsule and postgenal cleft, Scale bar represents 300 µm. (G, H, I), gill filament, scale bar represents 200 µm.
FIGURE 4 in Tests of conspecificity for closely related black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) species of the Simulium striatum group in Thailand
FIGURE 4. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree for three black fly taxa in the Simulium striatum species group from Thailand based on ECP1 sequences. Posterior probabilities for maximum likelihood (ML) and bayesian analysis (BA) and bootstrap support for maximum parsimony (MP) and neighbour-joining (NJ) are shown above or near branches. The scale bar represents 0.02 substitutions per nucleotide position.
FIGURE 3 in Tests of conspecificity for closely related black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) species of the Simulium striatum group in Thailand
FIGURE 3. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree for three black fly taxa in the Simulium striatum species group from Thailand based on COI sequences. Posterior probabilities for maximum likelihood (ML) and bayesian analysis (BA) and bootstrap support for maximum parsimony (MP) and neighbour-joining (NJ) are shown above or near branches. The scale bar represents 0.02 substitutions per nucleotide position.
Conspecific cues elect distinct behavioural responses in cannibalistic poison frog tadpoles dataset
<p>In cannibalistic species, conspecifics can be both predators and prey. As a result, conspecifics present a unique conflict at the intersection of predation, competition and nutritional resources in these species. To better understand how individuals respond to the complex information of conspecific chemical cues, we studied aggressive and cannibalistic tadpoles of the dyeing poison frog, <em>Dendrobates tinctorius</em>. We used a standardized open field test to compare behavioural responses to a positive cue (food), a negative cue (predator) and two conflicting cues (conspecific density and injured conspecifics). We specifically used chemical cues to understand how individuals respond in the absence of additional information that would disambiguate their status as conspecific predator versus prey. We found that the injured conspecific cue elicited a response distinct from either the food cue or the predator cue: tadpoles explored more relative to baseline and predator cues but spent less time moving compared to the food cue. We suggest that these patterns reflect cue-dependent behavioural strategies that maximize exploration while minimizing detection in the presence of conspecific cannibals. In addition to cue-specific changes in behaviour, we observed consistent differences in individuals' behaviour across environments and found that activity and exploratory behaviour were positively correlated across environments. Taken together, our results demonstrate that conspecific cues are interpreted as distinct from either food cues or predator cues in a cannibalistic species where they can represent both.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.