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FIGURE 29 in The cranial anatomy of Tenontosaurus tilletti Ostrom, 1970 (Dinosauria, Ornithopoda)

FIGURE 29. Photograph of the left squamosal of OMNH 58340, showing the deep texture on the lateral surface of the body of the bone, continued forward onto the lateral surface of the squamosal process of the postorbital. Anterior is to the upper left and into the page. Abbreviations: vt - ventral tab of the squamosal.

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FIGURE 4 in The cranial anatomy of Tenontosaurus tilletti Ostrom, 1970 (Dinosauria, Ornithopoda)

FIGURE 4. Ventral (4.1) and anterior (4.2) photographs of the right premaxilla of OMNH 34191. In 4.1, anterior is out of the page and lateral is left. In 4.2, lateral is to the left and anterior is up.

Fig. 4 in The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

Fig. 4. The turtle Kayentachelys aprix Gaffney, Hutchison, Jenkins, and Meeker, 1987, from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation, Gold Springs, Arizona, USA. A. Specimen TMM 43670−2, photograph (A1) and explanatory drawing (A2) of the skull in rostral (A1, A2) and lateral (A3, A4) views. B. Specimen MCZ 8917, skull in occipital view. Photographs (A1, A3, B1) and explanatory drawings (A2, A4, B2).

Fig. 1 in The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

Fig. 1. The localities of the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation (Glen Canyon Group) where specimens of Kayentachelys aprix have been recovered: Gold Springs and Willow Springs, both Adeii Eechii Cliffs, Coconino County, Arizona, USA.

Fig. 10 in The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

Fig. 10. Main hypotheses of turtle evolution. A. Joyce (2007). B. Gaffney et al. (2007). Outlined shapes document character evolution according to Gaffney (1996) and Gaffney et al. (2007). Solid shapes document the character evolution according the interpretations argued in the present paper. Dashes indicate character changes that are the same in both interpretations. Abbreviations: Kal., Kallokibotion; Mong., Mongolochelys; Pa., Palaeochersis; Pr., Proganochelys; Pro., Proterochersis.

Fig. 2 in The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

Fig. 2. The turtle Kayentachelys aprix Gaffney, Hutchison, Jenkins, and Meeker, 1987, specimen TMM 43651−1, from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation, Gold Springs, Arizona, USA. The scale areas (numbered) of the anterior part of the skull roof; photograph (A) and explanatory drawing (B).

Fig. 3 in The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

Fig. 3. The turtle Kayentachelys aprix Gaffney, Hutchison, Jenkins, and Meeker, 1987, specimen MNA V1558 (also catalogued as MCZ 8913), from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation, Gold Springs, Arizona, USA. Skull in dorsal view; photograph (A) and explanatory drawing (B).

Fig. 9 in The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

Fig. 9. The turtle Kayentachelys aprix Gaffney, Hutchison, Jenkins, and Meeker, 1987, from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation, Gold Springs, Arizona, USA. A. MCZ 8914, right lower jaw and part of the left dentary in lateral view; photograph (A1) and explanatory drawing (A2). B. MCZ 8915, right lower jaw medial view, with the left lower jaw conceptually removed; photograph (B1) and explanatory drawing (B2). C. MCZ 8916, mandibular articulation in dorsal view; photograph (C1) and explanatory drawing (C2).

Fig. 6 in The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

Fig. 6. The turtle Kayentachelys aprix Gaffney, Hutchison, Jenkins, and Meeker, 1987, specimen TMM 43670−2, from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation, Gold Springs, Arizona, USA. Skull in lateroanterior (A, B) and posterior (C, D) views; stereophotographs (A), photograph (C) and explanatory drawings (B, D).

Fig. 8 in The cranial anatomy of the Early Jurassic turtle Kayentachelys aprix

Fig. 8. The turtle Kayentachelys aprix Gaffney, Hutchison, Jenkins, and Meeker, 1987, specimen TMM 43653−1, from the Early Jurassic Kayenta Formation, Gold Springs, Arizona, USA. Basicranium in anterodorsal view; stereophotographs (A) and explanatory drawing (B).

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Figs. 9–14 in Cranial Anatomy in Tenrecid Insectivorans: Character Evolution Across Competing Phylogenies

Figs. 9–14. Coronal sections through middle ear of tenrecid genera, as follows. 9. Potamogale velox (ZIUT HL17 mm), anterior to jugular foramen, slice 43.3.4. 10. Potamogale velox (ZIUT HL 17 mm), posterior to anterior carotid foramen, slice 37.2.5. 11. Micropotamogale lamottei (IZEA 939), anterior to jugular foramen, slice 181.2.2. 12. Micropotamogale lamottei (IZEA 939), posterior to anterior carotid foramen, slice 177.2.1. 13. Geogale aurita (MCZ 45504), anterior to jugular foramen, slice 105.3.1. 14. Geogale aurita (MCZ 45504), anterior to anterior carotid foramen, slice 96.1.2.

Fig. 39 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 39. Cladogram of phylogenetic relationships within Mammaliaformes based on analyses by Rougier et al. (1996a) and Hu et al. (1997).

Fig. 38 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 38. Cladogram of phylogenetic relationships within Multituberculata (a), based on the analysis in Rougier et al. (1997), with an enlargement of the tree section containing Kryptobaatar and its nearest relatives, all of which are Mongolian Late Cretaceous taxa with the exception of Pentacosmodon from the North American Paleocene (b). A similar Mongolian Late Cretaceous grouping was called Djadochtatheria by KielanJaworowska and Hurum (1997). In their phylogeny, Kryptobaatar is in a clade Djadochtatheriidae, with Djadochtatherium, Catopsbaatar, and Tombaatar.

Fig. 35 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 35. Reconstruction of the skull of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi in posterior view. Abbreviations bo basioccipital; exoc exoccipital; fr frontal; lac lacrimal; man mandible; pa parietal; pet petrosal; sq squamosal; sup supraoccipital.

Fig. 36 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 36. Reconstruction of the skull of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi in left lateral view (A) with the major cranial arteries (white outline) and veins (black) added (B). Zygomatic arch is cut to show vessels in the floor of the orbit. Vessels in shadow pass through intramural canals, with the exception of the part of the ramus superior immediately rostral to the dorsalmost ramus temporalis branch which is endocranial. Abbreviations: adm arteria diploëtica magna (and accompanying vein); ea ethmoidal artery (and accompanying vein); ef ethmoidal foramen; fbu foramen buccinatorium; fdac foramen of dorsal ascending canal; fdv foramen for frontal diploic vein; fma foramen masticatorium; frt foramen for ramus temporalis; ioa infraorbital artery (and accompanying vein); iof infraorbital foramen; lhv lateral head vein; mef metoptic foramen (which transmitted pituitoorbital vein); oa ophthalmic artery; oca occipital artery (and accompanying vein); ompf orbital opening of minor palatine foramen; opf optic foramen; otc orbitotemporal canal; psa proximal stapedial artery; ptc posttemporal canal; ptv posttrigeminal vein; ri ramus inferior; rio ramus infraorbitalis (and accompanying vein); rm ramus mandibularis (and accompanying vein); rs ramus superior (and accompanying vein); rso ramus supraorbitalis (and accompanying vein); rt ramus temporalis (and accompanying vein); sgf supraglenoid foramen; son supraorbital notch; spa sphenopalatine artery (and accompanying vein); spf sphenopalatine foramen sphf sphenorbital fissure; tc transverse canal; tcv transverse canal vein.

Fig. 32 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 32. Reconstruction of the skull of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi in dorsal view. Abbreviations: al anterior lamina; exoc exoccipital; fr frontal; ju jugal; lac lacrimal; mx maxilla; na nasal; pa parietal pmx premaxilla; sq squamosal; sup supraoccipital.

Fig. 34 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 34. Reconstruction of the skull of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi in ventral view. Abbreviations: al anterior lamina; ali alisphenoid; bo basioccipital; bs basisphenoid; exoc exoccipital; fr frontal; mx maxilla; pal palatine; pet petrosal; pmx premaxilla; pt pterygoid; sq squamosal; vo vomer.

Fig. 37 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 37. Reconstruction of the right basicranium of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi in ventral view (A) with the major cranial arteries (white outline) and veins (black) added (B). Abbreviations: adm arteria diploëtica magna (and accompanying vein); ali alisphenoid; aptca artery of pterygoid canal; cp crista parotica; ctpp caudal tympanic process of petrosal; er epitympanic recess; fma foramen masticatorium; foi foramen ovale inferium; fv fenestra vestibuli; gica groove for internal carotid artery; gl glenoid fossa; gpsa groove for proximal stapedial artery; ica internal carotid artery; jf jugular fossa; jfo jugular foramen; lhv lateral head vein; lpt lateral pterygopalatine trough;

Fig. 31 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 31. Reconstruction of the skull of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi in anterior view. Abbreviations: fr frontal; lac lacrimal; man mandible; mx maxilla; na nasal; pmx premaxilla; sq squamosal.

Fig. 27 in Cranial Anatomy Of Kryptobaatar Dashzevegi (Mammalia, Multituberculata), And Its Bearing On The Evolution Of Mammalian Characters

Fig. 27. Reconstruction of the floor of the endocranium of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi. Parallel lines represent the cut edge of the braincase. Abbreviations: al anterior lamina; bo basioccipital; ce cavum epiptericum; ds dorsum sellae; exoc exoccipital; fica foramen for internal carotid artery; fpv foramen for pituitoorbital vein; fr frontal; hf hypophyseal fossa; iam internal acoustic meatus; jfo jugular foramen; jsp jugum sphenoidale; mef metoptic foramen; ocon occipital condyle; opf optic foramen; or orbitosphenoid; pa parietal; pan pila antotica; pet petrosal; pm pila metoptica; pop postorbital process prc prootic canal; sf subarcuate fossa; son supraorbital notch; sphf sphenorbital fissure; sq squamosal sup supraoccipital.