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513 results for “dragonflies”

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dryad36/100

Data and R scripts from: Assemblage reorganisation of South African dragonflies due to climate change

Aim: Climate change is expected to cause large shifts in species assemblages such as dragonflies and damselflies (Insecta: Odonata). Here we assess the influence of environmental drivers of turnover on Odonata assemblages. Secondly, we map the predicted spatial variation in species composition, first as a gradient of assemblage similarity, and then as discrete bioregions delineating major areas of odonate endemism. Finally, we map the magnitude of expected change in species turnover in response to climate change under two emission scenarios. Location: South Africa Methods: We used a spatial database comprising of 164 species of odonates and 20 covariates, to explore changes in compositional turnover using generalised dissimilarity models. Bioregions were compiled through various clustering techniques. Results: Present-day odonate bioregions correspond to climatic zones and are clearly separated by transitional zones with rapid spatial turnover. Present odonate bioregions are projected to undergo extensive reorganisation by 2050 and 2070. Temporal turnover in species composition is expected to reach up to 80% in the large arid interior and 64% along the coast. Half of all South Africa's protected areas are likely to experience climate-induced changes to dragonfly bioregions in the near future. Main conclusions: Species assemblages are rapidly changing. This work highlights future shifts in climate will result in complex and non-linear responses in Odonata communities. With ongoing climate change, current odonate bioregions are predicted to expand while others will contract considerably in size within the next thirty years. The current demarcated protected areas may be inadequate to protect dragonflies as climates change. Odonata can be used to track forefronts of climate change, which will likely affect a larger array of taxa as well.

opencc-zeroSep 2021View details →

zenodo36/100

RT Dataset -- Updated radiative transfer model for Titan in the near-infrared wavelength range: Validation against Huygens atmospheric and surface measurements and application to the Cassini/VIMS observations of the Dragonfly landing area

This dataset contains all Radiative Transfer (RT) results made for the paper. The data are stored in 5 zipped-folders names with the Cassini/VIMS cube flyby and id, or explicitly for Huygens/ULIS calibrated observations: <ul> <li>TB_C1481624349_1</li> <li>T40_C1578266417_1</li> <li>T38_C1575509158_1</li> <li>T40_C1578263500_1</li> <li>T40_C1578263152_1</li> <li>ULIS_observations</li> </ul> The TB_C1481624349_1 folder contains the Cassini/VIMS cube over HLS, the HLS end-member (End_member.txt), the surface albedo retrieved by Karkoschka et al. (2016) corrected for the photometry (HLS_Karkoschka_2016_spectrum.txt), and the inverted surface albedo (Surface_albedo.txt). In these folders, each VIMS pixel is stored in a .txt file with the following pattern: <CUBE_ID>_<PIXEL_SAMPLE>_<PIXEL_LINE> .txt It starts with a header describing the observation:  <ul> <li>CUBE_ID: the VIMS cube id (`C1234567890_1` format)</li> <li>SAMPLE: the pixel sample number.</li> <li>LINE: the pixel line number.</li> <li>LONG: the pixel longitude (in degree).</li> <li>LAT: the pixel latitude (in degree).</li> <li>INC: the surface incident angle (in degree).</li> <li>EMI: the surface emergent angle (in degree).</li> <li>PHASE: the surface phase angle (in degree).</li> </ul> For the Selk crater cubes (T40_C1578266417_1, T38_C1575509158_1, T40_C1578263500_1, T40_C1578263152_1), the header also contains the spatial sampling and the radiative transfer model outputs:  <ul> <li>Spatial sampling (km/pix).</li> <li>Fh: the haze scaling factor.</li> <li>Fm: the mist scaling factor.</li> <li>1-sigma (Fh): the 1-sigma uncertainty on Fh.</li> <li>1-sigma (Fm): the 1-sigma uncertainty on Fm.</li> <li>Reduced chi2: the reduced chi2. </li> </ul> Then contains the observed spectra: <ul> <li>Column 1: the VIMS channel central wavelength (in micrometers).</li> <li>Column 2: the VIMS pixel I/F.</li> <li>Column 3: the VIMS pixel I/F 1-sigma uncertainty. </li> </ul> For the Selk crater cubes (T40_C1578266417_1, T38_C1575509158_1, T40_C1578263500_1, T40_C1578263152_1), 3 columns are added for:  <ul> <li>Column 4: the surface albedo.</li> <li>Column 5: the upper 1-sigma uncertainty on the surface albedo.</li> <li>Column 6 : the lower 1-sigma uncertainty on the surface albedo.</li> </ul> The ULIS folder contains the Huygens/ULIS calibrated observations (in I/F) and the simulations with 1-sigma uncertainties as a function of the altitude (in km): <ul> <li>Column 1: the VIMS channel central wavelength (in micrometers), stopped at the end of the Huygens/ULIS wavelength range.</li> <li>Column 2: the ULIS I/F.</li> <li>Column 3 : the simulated I/F.</li> <li>Column 4: the lower 1-sigma uncertainty on the simulation.</li> <li>Column 5 : the upper 1-sigma uncertainty on the simulation.</li> </ul>

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Temperature variability and pesticides limit dragonflies and damselflies from tracking their niches through time

Data sources and unique identifiers to retrieve data points from Canadensys (https://www.canadensys.net/) and Odonata Central (https://www.odonatacentral.org/#/) used for the manuscript titled "Temperature variability and pesticides limit dragonflies and damselflies from tracking their niches through time". We also downloaded data from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (<a href="https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.uesyds">https://doi.org/10.15468/dl.uesyds</a>). Data from these three sources are openly available and do not belong to the authors.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data for: Relatively large wings facilitate life at higher elevations in Nearctic dragonflies

<ol> <li>Determining which traits allow species to live at higher elevations is essential to understanding the forces shaping montane biodiversity.</li> <li>For the many animals that rely on flight for locomotion, a long-standing hypothesis is that species with relatively large wings should better persist in high-elevation environments because wings that are large relative to the body generate more lift and decrease the aerobic costs of remaining aloft. Although these biomechanical and physiological predictions have received some support in birds, other flying taxa often possess smaller wings at high elevations or no wings at all.</li> <li>To test if predictions about the requirements for relative wing size at high elevations are generalizable beyond birds, we conducted macroecological analyses on the altitudinal characteristics of 302 Nearctic dragonfly species.</li> <li>Consistent with the biomechanical and aerobic hypotheses, species with relatively larger wings live at higher elevations and have wider elevation breadths—even after controlling for a species' body size, mean thermal conditions, and range size. Moreover, a species' relative wing size had nearly as large of an impact on its maximum elevation as being adapted to the cold. </li> <li>Relatively large wings may be essential to high-elevation life in species that completely depend on flight for locomotion, like dragonflies or birds. With climate change forcing taxa to disperse upslope, our findings further suggest that relatively large wings may be a requirement for completely volant taxa to persist in montane habitats. </li> </ol>

opencc-zeroMay 2023View details →

zenodo36/100

Dataset of Dragonfly Sky Reduction Paper (reduced in Jan 2023)

The reduced images of the example dataset used for the Dragonfly sky reduction paper. The reduction pipeline was run in Jan 2023. The dataset contains G and R images of UW1787 and the G and R mosaics of Spider. The images are coadded using a median combination.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2023View details →

dryad36/100

Data from: Little bits of dragonfly history repeating exemplified by a new Pennsylvanian family

During its 320 million years evolution, dragon- and damselflies (Odonata) wing morphology underwent intense modifications. The resulting diversity prompted comparative analyses focusing on phylogeny. However, homoplasy proved to plague wing-related characters. Concurrently, limited benefits were obtained from considering fossil taxa, similarly impacted. Herein we investigate two aspects particularly affected by convergence, namely the acquisition of vein-like structuring elements derived from regular cross-venation, termed conamina; and the evolution of butter knife wing shape. Conamen implementation is found to be consistently linked with vein curvature sharpening, itself generating potential breaking points. Conamina therefore likely evolved to address wing integrity issues during ever-more-demanding flight performance. Moreover, an existing conamen is likely to trigger the acquisition of further, associated conamina. As for butter knife shape, previously documented in the extinct Archizygoptera and among damselflies, we report a new, 315-million-years-old occurrence with the rare species Haidilaozhen cuiae gen. et sp. nov. (family Haidilaozhenidae fam. nov.), from the Xiaheyan locality (China). The repeated acquisition of butter-knife-shaped wing can be related to slow-speed flight and, in turn, predator avoidance. In both cases of iterated regularities, the unique 'network-and-membrane' wing design proper to insects is found to compose a strong, constraining factor.

opencc-zeroSep 2023View details →

dryad36/100