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304 results for “eucalyptus”
Major biogeographic barriers in eastern Australia have shaped population structure of widely distributed Eucalyptus moluccana and its four putative subspecies
<p>We have investigated the impact of recognized biogeographic barriers on genetic differentiation of grey box (<i>Eucalyptus moluccana</i>), a common and widespread tree species of the family Myrtaceae in eastern Australian woodlands, and its previously proposed four subspecies <i>moluccana</i>, <i>pedicellata</i>, <i>queenslandica</i> and <i>crassifolia</i>.<b> </b>A range of phylogeographic analyses were conducted to examine the population genetic differentiation and subspecies genetic structure in <i>E. moluccana </i>in relation to biogeographic barriers. Slow evolving markers uncovering long term processes (chloroplast DNA) were used to generate a haplotype network and infer phylogeographic barriers. Additionally, fast evolving, hypervariable markers (microsatellites) were used to estimate demographic processes and genetic structure among five geographic regions (29 populations) across the entire distribution of <i>E. moluccana</i>. Morphological features of seedlings, such as leaf and stem traits were assessed to evaluate population clusters and test differentiation of the putative subspecies.</p> <p>Haplotype network analysis revealed twenty chloroplast haplotypes with a main haplotype in a central position shared by individuals belonging to the regions containing the four putative subspecies. Microsatellite analysis detected genetic structure between Queensland (QLD) and New South Wales (NSW) populations consistent with the McPherson Range barrier, an east-west spur of the Great Dividing Range. Substructure was detected within QLD and NSW in line with other barriers in eastern Australia. The morphological analyses supported differentiation between QLD and NSW populations, with no difference within QLD, yet some differentiation within NSW populations.</p> <p>Our molecular and morphological analyses provide evidence that several geographic barriers in eastern Australia, including the Burdekin Gap and the McPherson Range have contributed to the genetic structure of <i>E. moluccana</i>. Genetic differentiation among <i>E. moluccana </i>populations supports the recognition of some but not all the four previously proposed subspecies, with<i> crassifolia </i>being the most differentiated.</p>
Fig. 2 in A phylogenetic investigation of the taxonomically problematic Eucalyptus odorata complex (E. section Adnataria series Subbuxeales): evidence for extensive interspecific gene flow and reticulate evolution
Fig. 2. Neighbour-net networks of E. odorata complex taxa and co-occurring members of E. section Adnataria created in Splitstree V.4 using uncorrelated-P distances of SNPs generated by A. ddRADseq and B. DArTseq. Tips are coloured by species, with shapes used to distinguish different major groups: E. series Hetereophloiae (inverse triangles), E. series Melliodorae (hexagons), E. series Buxeales (triangles), the grey-box taxa (diamonds), mallee members of E. series Subbuxeales not in the E. odorata complex (squares), and the E. odorata complex (circles) coloured consistent with Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 in Eucalyptus cryptica (Myrtaceae): a critically endangered new species
Fig. 7. Images of Eucalyptus cryptica. (a, d) Type locality, without associated voucher; (b, e) T.C.Wilson 830; (c) T.C.Wilson 829. (a) Mallee tree habit in heath; (b) sample of bark, branchlet with unopened inflorescences and senesced branchlet with fruit; (c) inflorescence; (d) flowers at anthesis; (e) oblique view of infructescence showing undehisced fruit. Scale bar: (b) 30 mm; (c) 10 mm; (d, e) 5 mm. Photographs: E. Lee (a, d) and T. C. Wilson (b, c, e).
Fig. 5 in Eucalyptus cryptica (Myrtaceae): a critically endangered new species
Fig. 5. Eucalyptus cryptica. (a) Branchlet with inflorescences; (b) leaf, adaxial surface; (c) leaf, adaxial surface; (d) close-up of leaf adaxial surface; (e) inflorescence in bud; (f) bud, profile view; (g) bud, profile view; (h) bud, longitudinal section; (i) flowers at anthesis; (j) anther, abaxial view; (k) anther, adaxial view; (l). seed, front and side views; (m) infructescence showing oblique view of dried fruit with shallowly exserted valves dehisced; (n) profile view of fresh fruit with shallowly exserted valves not dehisced; (o) profile view of dried cup-shaped fruit with valves hidden from view; (p) profile view of dried wineglass-shaped fruit with valves hidden from view. Scale bar: (a) 80 mm; (b, c) 80 mm; (d–g, m–p) 20 mm; (h) 8 mm; (i) ~30 mm; (j–l) 2.4 mm. Voucher: T.C.Wilson 830 et al. (holotype, NSW 1058373). Illustrations: L. Elkan.
Fig. 4 in Eucalyptus cryptica (Myrtaceae): a critically endangered new species
Fig. 4. Principal component analysis biplot based on 17 morphological traits from Table 1 summarising morphological variability across 'pure' (asterisk) and hybrid (open circle) seedlings of Eucalyptus cryptica (as defined by NewHybrids analysis) sourced from the Clarke, Logie, Saltwater and Shoplands sites.
Fig. 3 in Eucalyptus cryptica (Myrtaceae): a critically endangered new species
Fig. 3. Principal-component analysis of SNP data summarising genetic variability across Eucalyptus cryptica without hybrids, including adults collected in situ and all available ex situ collections at the Australian Botanic Gardens Mount Annan. The ex situ specimens were 171 seedlings grown from seed collected in situ from the Clarke, Logie, Saltwater and Shoplands sites (diamonds), and one adult tree (triangle). The Clarke, Shoplands and Saltwater populations are more widely distributed across the graph than other populations, demonstrating that they represent most of the genetic diversity of E. cryptica. Table S2 provides detail for identification, voucher number and site for all specimens.
Fig. 2 in Eucalyptus cryptica (Myrtaceae): a critically endangered new species
Fig. 2. Principal component analyses (PC1 v. PC2, PC1 v. PC3) showing groupings of Eucalyptus cryptica populations and outgroup species based on genome-wide scans (15 168 SNPs total) for 384 samples. Circle colours correspond with the legend of Fig. 1: 'pure' E. cryptica samples are coloured blue (originally sampled in Rutherford et al. 2022) and green (new data sampled in this study); putative hybrids are coloured red (Rutherford et al. 2022) and orange (this study); related eucalypt species are coloured grey. Table S2 provides detail for identification, voucher number and site for all specimens.
Fig. 1 in Eucalyptus cryptica (Myrtaceae): a critically endangered new species
Fig. 1. Relationship among Eucalyptus cryptica and other eucalypts from Splitstree analysis of SNP data (15 168 SNPs total) acquired from genome-wide scans including 384 samples. The majority of 'putative hybrids' determined by New Hybrids analysis in this study (red and orange) are located along the main stem between E. cryptica and other eucalypts and are associated with a high amount of webbing that can be indicative of genomic reticulation. The majority of these hybrids are also seedlings sourced in situ from mother trees at Clarke, Logie, Saltwater and Shoplands sites expressing typical morphology of E. sp. Cattai. Including previous data from Rutherford et al. (2022), we identified the Larapinta site (three specimens) and six other adults as hybrids. The adult ex situ specimen in the living collection at Australian Botanic Gardens Mount Annan (ABGMA) is recovered within the Shoplands site cluster. Table S2 provides detail for identification, voucher number and site for all specimens.
Fig. 6 in Eucalyptus cryptica (Myrtaceae): a critically endangered new species
Fig. 6. Eucalyptus cryptica. (a) Habit of seedling grown from K.E.Willis 37 (NSW 1043128); (b) habit of seedling, grown from K.E.Willis 34 (NSW 1047892); (c) seedling with cotyledons, grown from K.E.Willis 34 (tissue sample unknown); (d) seedling with cotyledons, grown from K.E.Willis 34 (tissue sample unknown); (e) mallee habit of adult; (f) detail of bark. Scale bar: (a) 20 mm; (b) 20 mm; (c, d) 2 mm; (e) 1 m; (f) 100 mm. Illustrations: (L. Elkan).
FIGURE 22 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 22. Distribution records of Endoclita spp. in northern Vietnam (including northern Laos for shared species). Provinces indicated for new species or new records.
FIGURE 19 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 19. Forest plantations of Eucalyptus with Endoclita spp. infestations (location of visible tunnels marked by white arrows) in Yen Lap district, Phu Tho province, Vietnam. Photos 19a–b by Duy Long Pham, 19c–d by Nguyen Minh Chi.
FIGURE 13. Endoclita coomani male genitalia. Unscaled. Photos 13c–d in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 13. Endoclita coomani male genitalia. Unscaled. Photos 13c–d by Loren Jones, 13a–b by Nikolai Ignatev.
FIGURE 15. Endoclita spp. larval tunnel structure. E in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 15. Endoclita spp. larval tunnel structure. E. phuthoensis sp. n. (15a–b), E. coomani (15c–d) (15c – tunnel of early instar larva reared to adult). Arrows mark position of pupa or larva. Distal tunnel extends upwards, proximal tunnel extends downwards. Photos 15a, b, d by Nguyen Minh Chi, 15c by Duy Long Pham.
FIGURE 17 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 17. Endoclita spp. pupal membrane of silk fibers placed across tunnel entrance by Endoclita phuthoensis sp. n. (17a–b, d) and E. coomani (17c, e–f). Photos by Duy Long Pham.
FIGURE 9 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 9. Endoclita spp. wing venation and forewing patterns. Endoclita phuthoensis sp. n.: (9a) venation, (9c) forewing basal portion, (9f) forewing ornamentation; Endoclita coomani: (9b) venation, (9d–e) forewing basal portion, (9g) forewing ornamentation.
FIGURES 5–8 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURES 5–8. Endoclita spp. head, thorax, and appendages. Endoclita phuthoensis sp. n.: (5a) head and thorax, (6a) antenna, (7b) labial palpus and (8b) legs (foreleg left, midleg centre, hindleg right); Endoclita coomani: (5b–c) head and thorax, (6b) antenna, (7a) labial palpus, and legs (8a, c–d respectively)—8a (top foreleg, centre midleg, bottom hindleg), 8c (foreleg left, midleg centre, hindleg right), 8d (top foreleg, centre midleg, bottom hindleg). Unscaled. Photos 6–6 by Duy Long Pham, 7–8 by John Grehan.
FIGURE 12 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 12. Endoclita spp. female external and internal genitalia. Endoclita phuthoensis sp. n.: (12a) posterior view, (12c) ductus and corpus bursae, (12e) spermatheca; E. coomani: (12b) posterior view, (12d) ductus and corpus bursae. Unscaled. Photos by Loren Jones.
FIGURE 3 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 3. Endoclita spp. Endoclita marginenotatus: (a) Mt. Fansipan, Vietnam, ZSM (photo by Nikolai Ignatev), (b) holotype male, Sichuan, China, NHMUK (photo by David Lees: copyright David C. Lees/Trustees of NHMUK); E. auratus (c) Bernardmyo, Myanmar, 5500–7000', May 1890, NHMUK (copyright Alessandro Giusti/Trustees of the Natural History Museum UK); E. undulifer (d), Khasia Hills, October 1896, SAMA (photo by Peter Hudson).
FIGURE 4 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 4. Endoclita spp. Characteristics of the forewing costal margin and discal cells that are not present in E. phuthoesnsis sp.n. Photos by Nguyen Minh Chi.
FIGURE 2 in Notes on Endoclita C. & R. Felder (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae) feeding on Eucalyptus in Vietnam, with new records and a new species
FIGURE 2. Endoclita coomani (a–f): specimens from a Eucalyptus plantation in Yen Lap district, Phu Tho province, Vietnam. Note size range of females, with smallest matching the two male specimens, including the holotype male. Photos 2a–e by Nguyen Minh Chi, 2f by Jöel Minet.
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