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5,794 results for “exposures”
Figure 2 in Perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet alters proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and dopaminergic receptors gene expression and the food preference in offspring adult rats
Figure 2. Pomc (A) and npy (B) gene expression in the hypothalamus of offspring exposed or not to a control diet or high-fat diet during perinatal and/or postnatal period. Values are presented as mean ± SEM using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni multiplecomparison test. Level of significance: *p<0,05; "a": compared to CC, "b": compared to CH; "c": compared to HC; "d": compared to HH.
Figure 1. Drd1 in Perinatal exposure to a high-fat diet alters proopiomelanocortin, neuropeptide Y and dopaminergic receptors gene expression and the food preference in offspring adult rats
Figure 1. Drd1 (A) and drd2 (B) gene expression in the nucleus accumbens of offspring exposed or not to a control diet or high-fat diet during perinatal and/or postnatal period. Values are presented as mean ± SEM using two-way ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni multiplecomparison test. Level of significance: *p<0,05; "a": compared to CC, "b": compared to CH; "c": compared to HC; "d": compared to HH.
A field study of the molecular response of brown macroalgae to heavy metal exposure: an (epi)genetic approach
<p>We used next-generation sequencing to study DNA methylation changes and DNA sequence variation (SNPs) in thalli from four populations of the brown macroalgae <em>Fucus vesiculosus</em> reciprocally transplanted between two polluted and two unpolluted sites. For this, we performed reduced representation bisulfite DNA sequencing.</p>
Pesticide exposure triggers sex-specific inter- and trans-generational effects conditioned by past sexual selection
<p>Environmental variation often induces plastic responses in organisms that can trigger changes in subsequent generations through non-genetic inheritance mechanisms. Such transgenerational plasticity thus consists of environmentally-induced non-random phenotypic modifications that are transmitted through generations. Transgenerational effects may vary according to the sex of the organism experiencing the environmental perturbation, the sex of their descendants, or both, but whether they are affected by past sexual selection is unknown. Here we use experimental evolution on an insect model system to conduct a first test of the involvement of sexual selection history in shaping transgenerational plasticity in the face of rapid environmental change (exposure to pesticides). We manipulated evolutionary history in terms of the intensity of sexual selection for over 80 generations before exposing individuals to the toxicant. We found that sexual selection history constrained adaptation under rapid environmental change. We also detected intergenerational and transgenerational effects of pesticide exposure in the form of increased fitness and longevity. These cross-generational influences of toxicants were sex-dependent (they affected only male descendants), and intergenerational, but not transgenerational, plasticity was modulated by sexual selection history. Our results highlight the complexity of intragenerational, intergenerational, and transgenerational influences of past selection and environmental stress on phenotypic expression.</p>
Dataset of Reaction Times for the Study of Differential Functional Changes in Visual Performance During Acute Exposure to Microgravity Analogue and their Potential Links with Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome
<p><strong>Title</strong>: "Dataset of Reaction Times for the Study of Differential Functional Changes in Visual Performance During Acute Exposure to Microgravity Analogue and their Potential Links with Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome"<br>Zenodo DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11840654</p> <p><strong>Contains</strong>: simple-reaction-times-VBRHDT-data.csv<br>Dateset of SRT (simple reaction time) values to visual stimuli in different positions in visual field, binocularly observed, in a microgravity analogue study, in four body positions (vertical, horizontal, -6 deg tild, -15 deg tilt). <br>Total records contained: 3584.</p> <p><strong>Institutional Review Board Statement</strong>: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Ethics Committee “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, Romania, 14877/26.05.2023. Data was collected in SpaceMed Laboratory , CIeH (Center for Innovation and eHealth) of UMF Carol Davila Bucharest, Romania.</p> <p><strong>Citation and</strong> <strong>Detailed description:</strong> see "<em>Differential functional changes in visual performance during acute exposure to microgravity analogue and their potential links with Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome</em>", 2024, by Iftime A, Tofolean IT, Pintilie V, Călinescu O, Busnatu S, Papacocea IR, Diagnostics ,2024; 14(17):1918. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14171918 <br>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39272703/</p> <p><strong>Structure</strong>: Dataset is in CSV (Comma-Separated Values) format, UTF-8 encoded, text field delimited with quotation marks, in tidy format; one row is one record from the SRT task, variables values are in columns). The first row is the variable name. The variable are:</p> <p>1) "live_row"<br>- type: integer numbers, sequential;<br>- values: the index (order) of each SRT measurement performed in a body position, by a participant (ID). The value is C-based (first measurement is "0", second measurement is "1", etc).</p> <p>2) "response_time"<br>- type: real numbers, continuous values;<br>- values: response time recorded from the participant; values in miliseconds.</p> <p>3) "target_position_x_deg"<br>- type: real numbers, categorical (4 values: +/- 18.478, +/- 0.75);<br>- values: horizontal visual angle, in visual degrees in the visual field, of the position of the stimulus. Screen coordinates are computed from "0" position, foveal fixation, positive values to the right, negative values to the left.</p> <p>4) "target_position_y_deg"<br>- type: real numbers, categorical (2 values: -0.75, -7.654);<br>- values: vertical visual angle, in visual degrees in the visual field, of the position of the stimulus. Screen coordinates are computed from "0" position, foveal fixation, positive values downward, negative values upward.<br>-Note: For the equivalent polar coordinates (as in planimetry testing) see Figure 2 of the mentioned paper. </p> <p>5) "Contrast_Weber_calibrated"<br>- type: real numbers, categorical (2 values: 50.58, 99.3);<br>- values: Measured Weber contrast of the visual stimulus shown, values in percents.</p> <p>6) "hand"<br>- type: categorical, 1 value ("right");<br>- values: hand used by the participant during SRT task.</p> <p>7) "body_position"<br>- type: categorical (4 values: "vertical (90 deg)", "horizontal (0 deg)", "inclined (-6 deg)", "inclined (-15 deg)" );<br>- values: Body position during the SRT task.</p> <p>8) "ID(anon)"<br>- type: integer number, categorical, 8 values;<br>- values: anonymized ID of the participants in the study (8 persons).</p>
Figure 4 in Tomorrow Never Dies: biodegradation and subsequent viability of invasive macrophytes following exposure to aquatic disinfectants
Figure 4. Mean (± SE) count of new shoots for macrophyte fragmentary propagules at 28 days post exposure to aquatic disinfectants, for 0% (0 g L-1), 2% (20 g L-1) and 4% (40 g L-1) solutions of selected aquatic disinfectants. Fragments were submerged for five, fifteen or thirty minutes (n = 3 per treatment). Cont. = Control; Virk = Virkon® Aquatic; Vira = Virasure® Aquatic.
Figure 1 in Tomorrow Never Dies: biodegradation and subsequent viability of invasive macrophytes following exposure to aquatic disinfectants
Figure 1. Median degradation score depicting visual biodegradation stages and/or resumption of growth for four different species of macrophyte fragmentary propagules at 28 days post exposure to aquatic disinfectants, for 0% (0 g L-1), 2% (20 g L-1) and 4% (40 g L-1) solutions of selected aquatic disinfectants. Fragments were submerged for five, fifteen or thirty minutes (n = 3 per treatment). Bars signify minimum and maximum scores attained. The dashed line highlights a score of 5, which indicates no meaningful deterioration of the plant tissues or resumption of growth has occurred. Scores of 0–4 portray incremental levels of degradation, while noting the presence of sustained viability. Scores of 6–10 denote plant tissue degradation stages that lack viability in relation to the resumption of new growth. See Table 3 for description of the score categories. Cont. = Control; Virk = Virkon® Aquatic; Vira = Virasure® Aquatic.
Figure 3 in Tomorrow Never Dies: biodegradation and subsequent viability of invasive macrophytes following exposure to aquatic disinfectants
Figure 3. Mean (± SE) count of new roots for macrophyte fragmentary propagules at 28 days post exposure to aquatic disinfectants, for 0% (0 g L-1), 2% (20 g L-1) and 4% (40 g L-1) solutions of selected aquatic disinfectants. Fragments were submerged for five, fifteen or thirty minutes (n = 3 per treatment). Cont. = Control; Virk = Virkon® Aquatic; Vira = Virasure® Aquatic.
Figure 2 in Tomorrow Never Dies: biodegradation and subsequent viability of invasive macrophytes following exposure to aquatic disinfectants
Figure 2. Median degradation score depicting visual biodegradation stages and/or resumption of growth for fragmentary propagules of Hydrocotyle ranunculoides at 21 days post exposure to aquatic disinfectants, for 0% (0 g L-1), 2% (20 g L-1) and 4% (40 g L-1) solutions of selected aquatic disinfectants. Fragments were submerged for five, fifteen, thirty or sixty minutes (n = 3 per treatment). Bars signify minimum and maximum scores attained. The dashed line highlights a score of 5, whereby no meaningful deterioration of the plant tissues or resumption of growth has occurred. Scores of 0–4 portray incremental levels of degradation, while noting the presence of sustained viability. Scores of 6–10 denote plant tissue degradation stages which lack of viability in relation to the resumption of new growth. See Table 3 for description of the score categories. Cont. = Control; Virk = Virkon® Aquatic; Vira = Virasure® Aquatic.
Figure 5 in Tomorrow Never Dies: biodegradation and subsequent viability of invasive macrophytes following exposure to aquatic disinfectants
Figure 5. Mean (± SE) relative growth rate for new shoot growth produced by macrophyte fragmentary propagules at 28 days post exposure to aquatic disinfectants, for 0% (0 g L-1), 2% (20 g L-1) and 4% (40 g L-1) solutions of selected aquatic disinfectants. Fragments were submerged for five, fifteen or thirty minutes (n = 3 per treatment). Cont. = Control; Virk = Virkon® Aquatic; Vira = Virasure® Aquatic.
Figure 1 in Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox exposure
Figure 1. Overhead schematic of the avoidance system. Source water entered from the left and flow rates were controlled with diaphragm valves and monitored on side-specific rotameters. A cross-over system included a set of 3-way valves and plumbing to switch treatment sides during trials. Flow collimators of decreasing sizes on both sides of the choice tank delivered near laminar flow conditions to the arena. Fish were contained in the arena by the collimator upstream and by a backscreen on the downstream side. The samplers included a pH probe, dissolved oxygen probe, and peristaltic tubing to monitor test conditions from outside the curtain without disturbing the test individual.
Figure 3 in Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox exposure
Figure 3. Comparison of behavior effect sizes and confidence intervals by species assessing the response to Zequanox exposure in a two-flume choice tank. Species are Fathead Minnow (FHM), Bluegill (BLG), Yellow Perch (YEP), Lake Sturgeon (LST), Lake Trout (LAT), and Brook Trout (BKT). Diamonds represent the species' mean behavior effect sizes and the error bars represent the 95% confidence interval. Negative values for the behavior effect sizes are considered an attraction response and positive values are considered an avoidance response.
Figure 2. Representative trial format for showing side B in Avoidance of cold-, cool-, and warm-water fishes to Zequanox exposure
Figure 2. Representative trial format for showing side B (above centerline) treated first. Zequanox concentrations in mg/L as active ingredient (shaded area) for each side of the choice tank. One trial per species (n = 6) was sampled every 5 minutes during the control period and every 2 minutes thereafter. The control period was preceded by a 10-minute acclimation period.
Figure 1 in Oviposition performance of tephritid polyphagous Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata during three periods of exposure to fruit
Figure 1. Oviposition behaviour of A. fraterculus and C. capitata during three infestation periods of fruit.
Datasets and code for Rapljenović et al. 2024: Adsorption of trace metals onto different plastics during long-term exposure in an estuarine environment: influence of time, stratified water column, and specific surface area
<p>This repository contains datasets and R code to reproduce results from Rapljenović et al. 2024: Adsorption of trace metals onto different plastics during long-term exposure in an estuarine environment: influence of time, stratified water column, and specific surface area.</p>
Fig. 1 in Exposure to tea tree oil enhances the mating success of male Mediterranean fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Fig. 1. Number of matings (mean ± SE) obtained per replicate by wild-like medfly males exposed to TTO (treated) or not exposed (control) for the 3 different TTO concentrations provided to the treated males (the 5% and 50% doses represent TTO concentration [v/v] in a hexane solution). Bar heights represent averages; whiskers represent 1 SE. Results of t-tests: 5% solution: t = 4.8, P <0.001; 50% solution: t = 3.4, P = 0.003; pure (100%): t = 3.8, P <0.001; N = 12 replicates at each concentration.
Fig. 6 in Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) survival, immune response, and gut bacteria changes afer exposure to Azadirachta indica (Sapindales: Meliaceae) volatiles
Fig. 6. Transcription of the 23S gene of Enterobacteria (428 bp) and ribosomal protein S5 gene (782 bp) from rRNA samples of Trichoplusia ni NL strain larval midguts, afer exposure to 10 g of neem leaves, determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). PCR product of RNA not subject- ed to RT-PCR was taken as a negative control. Lane 1, DNA ladder 100 bp; lane 2, PCR product of plasmid DNA with the Enterobacteria insert as positive control; lane 3, PCR products of the 23S gene of Enterobacteria and the ribosomal protein S5 gene of T. ni from unexposed larvae; lanes 4, 6, and 8, PCR of control RNA; lane 5, RT-PCR products in gut from VOC-exposed T. ni larva, showing both 23S and ribosomal protein S5 gene amplification (1st replication); lane 7, RT-PCR products in gut from VOC-exposed T. ni larva, showing both 23S and ribosomal protein S5 gene amplification (2nd replication).
Fig. 3 in Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) survival, immune response, and gut bacteria changes afer exposure to Azadirachta indica (Sapindales: Meliaceae) volatiles
Fig. 3. Mortality for NL and Gto strains of Trichoplusia ni exposed as neonate larvae for 7 d in sealed containers to VOCs from 1 or 10 g of dried neem stems compared with the unexposed controls. Data represent the mean ± standard deviation of 3 replicate experiments per treatment (90 larvae per replicate were tested).
Fig. 1 in Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) survival, immune response, and gut bacteria changes afer exposure to Azadirachta indica (Sapindales: Meliaceae) volatiles
Fig. 1. Setup of the bioassay container for neem VOC exposure of Trichoplusia ni neonates. A) View of tray with 30 cups placed inside the 11 L plastic container with airtight lid for VOC exposure; B) view of tray with 30 cups with artificial diet infested with 3 neonates each and cardboard lid to allow VOC exchange; C) view of 1 L container with artificial diet (bottom) and 1 oz (29.6 mL) cups (top) with 1 g milled dried neem stems or leaves.
Fig. 1 in Histochemical alterations in liver of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1785) after glyphosate exposure: Preliminary study
Fig. 1. Sudan III staining intensity in liver of Common Carp after 96 h exposure to glyphosate: А – control, x200; Б – 20 mg/L glyphosate, x400; В – 40 mg/L glyphosate, x400; Г – 72 mg/L glyphosate, x400.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.