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334 results for “household”
Diet Choices Survey: Twin Cities Household Ecosystem Project
We designed our methods to estimate carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus fluxes through individual households, and to address two primary questions: 1. How are these fluxes distributed across households? 2. What biophysical and socioeconomic factors contribute to differences in these fluxes across households? Our hybrid approach combines: 1. A mailed survey 2. Energy provider records 3. On-the-ground landscape measurements 4. A computational tool (the Household Flux Calculator) 4. Parcel data (interpreted using GIS) The resulting dataset includes information on biophysical and socioeconomic variables that potentially influence household-level fluxes of elements. Using this method to study element fluxes at the household level allows us to explicitly link consumption choices and element fluxes.
Diet Survey: Twin Cities Household Ecosystem Project
We designed our methods to estimate carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus fluxes through individual households, and to address two primary questions: 1. How are these fluxes distributed across households? 2. What biophysical and socioeconomic factors contribute to differences in these fluxes across households? Our hybrid approach combines: 1. A mailed survey 2. Energy provider records 3. On-the-ground landscape measurements 4. A computational tool (the Household Flux Calculator) 4. Parcel data (interpreted using GIS) The resulting dataset includes information on biophysical and socioeconomic variables that potentially influence household-level fluxes of elements. Using this method to study element fluxes at the household level allows us to explicitly link consumption choices and element fluxes.
Dispose Leaves Survey: Twin Cities Household Ecosystem Project
We designed our methods to estimate carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus fluxes through individual households, and to address two primary questions: 1. How are these fluxes distributed across households? 2. What biophysical and socioeconomic factors contribute to differences in these fluxes across households? Our hybrid approach combines: 1. A mailed survey 2. Energy provider records 3. On-the-ground landscape measurements 4. A computational tool (the Household Flux Calculator) 4. Parcel data (interpreted using GIS) The resulting dataset includes information on biophysical and socioeconomic variables that potentially influence household-level fluxes of elements. Using this method to study element fluxes at the household level allows us to explicitly link consumption choices and element fluxes.
Education and Work Survey: Twin Cities Household Ecosystem Project
We designed our methods to estimate carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus fluxes through individual households, and to address two primary questions: 1. How are these fluxes distributed across households? 2. What biophysical and socioeconomic factors contribute to differences in these fluxes across households? Our hybrid approach combines: 1. A mailed survey 2. Energy provider records 3. On-the-ground landscape measurements 4. A computational tool (the Household Flux Calculator) 4. Parcel data (interpreted using GIS) The resulting dataset includes information on biophysical and socioeconomic variables that potentially influence household-level fluxes of elements. Using this method to study element fluxes at the household level allows us to explicitly link consumption choices and element fluxes.
Household Dynamics in COVID times
<p>This dataset is the result of an anonymous survey carried out during the COVID pandemic in Chile. We focus on household dynamics and the division of work in Chilean households. We also provide demographic information on respondents. If you wish to have the questionnaire (in Spanish) please email the authors </p>
Data from: Home-based TB contact investigation in Uganda: a household-randomized trial
Introduction: The World Health Organization(WHO) recommends household tuberculosis(TB) contact investigation in low-income countries, but most contacts do not complete evaluation. Methods: We performed a randomized trial of home-based, SMS-facilitated, household TB contact investigation in Kampala, Uganda. Community health workers(CHWs) visited homes of index patients with pulmonary TB to screen household contacts for TB. Entire households were randomly allocated to clinic(standard-of-care) or home(intervention) evaluation. In the intervention arm, CHWs offered adults HIV testing; collected sputum from symptomatic contacts and persons living with HIV(PLWH) if ≥5 years; and transported sputum for microbiologic testing. CHWs referred PLWH, children <5, and anyone unable to complete sputum testing to clinic. Sputum-testing results and/or follow-up instructions were returned by automated SMS. The primary outcome was completion of TB evaluation within 14 days; secondary, TB and HIV diagnoses and treatments among screened contacts. Results: There were 471 contacts of 190 index patients allocated to the intervention and 448 contacts of 182 index patients allocated to the standard-of-care. CHWs identified 190/471(40%) intervention and 213/448(48%) standard-of-care contacts requiring TB evaluation. In the intervention arm, CHWs obtained sputum from 35/91(39%) sputum-eligible contacts and SMS were sent to 95/190(50%) contacts. Completion of TB evaluation in intervention and standard-of-care arms at 14 days(14% vs 15%; difference -1%, 95%CI -9% to +7%, p=0.81) and yields of confirmed TB(1.5% vs 1.1%, p=0.62) and new HIV(2.0% vs. 1.8%, p=0.90) diagnoses were similar. Conclusions: Home-based, SMS-facilitated evaluation did not improve completion or yield of household TB contact investigation, likely due to challenges delivering the intervention components.
Data from: Spatial structure maintains diversity of pyocin inhibition in household Pseudomonas aeruginosa
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Nearly all bacteria produce narrow-spectrum antibiotics called bacteriocins. Studies have shown that bacteriocins can mediate microbial interactions, but the mechanisms underlying patterns of inhibition are less well understood. We assembled a spatially structured collection of isolates of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> from bathroom and kitchen sink drains in nine households. Growth inhibition of these <i>P. aeruginosa </i>by bacteriocins, known as pyocins in this species, was measured using pairwise inhibition assays. Carbon source usage of these isolates was measured and genetic distance was estimated using multilocus sequencing. We found that as the distance between sites of isolation increased, there was a significantly higher probability of inhibition, and that pyocin inhibition and susceptibility vary greatly among isolates collected from different houses. We also detected support for other mechanisms influencing diversity: inhibition outcomes were influenced by the type of drain from which isolates were collected, and while we found no indication that carbon source utilization influences inhibition, inhibition was favored at an intermediate genetic distance. Overall, these results suggest that the combined effects of dispersal limitation among sites and competitive exclusion within them maintain diversity in pyocin inhibition and susceptibility phenotypes, and that additional processes such as local adaptation and effects of phylogenetic distance could further contribute to spatial variability.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Characteristics of households that were interviewed in a study that investigated factors driving tree species in cocoa farms in Cote d'Ivoire
<p>1. Intensive cocoa production in Côte d'Ivoire, the World's leading cocoa producer, has grown at the expense of forest cover. To reverse this trend, the country has adopted a 'zero deforestation' agricultural policy and committed to rehabilitate its forest cover through the planting of high-value tree species in cocoa landscapes using a participatory approach. However, less is known on the factors influencing farmers' introduction of high-value tree species in cocoa landscapes.</p> <p>2. We tested the hypothesis that ten factors previously reported to influence agroforestry systems adoption predict the number and choice of tree species that farmers introduce in cocoa farms. We interviewed 683 households in the cocoa-producing zone of Côte d'Ivoire and counted tree species in their cocoa farms.</p> <p>3. On average two tree species were recorded per surveyed farm. Generalized Poisson regression models revealed that cocoa production area, experience in tree planting and expected benefits influence tree species introduction through planting or 'retention' when clearing land for cocoa establishment. Age of farmer also influenced (P = 0.017) farmers' tree species planting in cocoa farms. Few tree species were introduced in current intensive cocoa-production areas than in 'old cocoa-loop' and forested areas. The number of tree species introduced in cocoa farms increased with expected benefits and experience in tree planting. The number of planted tree species also increased with farmers' age. Tree species were mostly selected for provision of shade to cocoa, production of useful tree products (38%) and income from the sale of these products (7%). Fruit tree species were the most planted while timber tree species were mostly spared when clearing land for cocoa production.</p> <p>Synthesis and applications. Agroforestry is gaining momentum in Côte d'Ivoire, as public and private institutions including the World Agroforestry Centre are developing and deploying multi-strata cocoa-based agroforestry systems. The results of the present study can guide the design and implementation of biodiverse cocoa-based agroforestry in the cocoa-producing zones of the country</p>
Plasmodium falciparum genomic surveillance reveals spatial and temporal trends, association of genetic and physical distance, and household clustering
<p>Molecular epidemiology using genomic data can help identify relationships between malaria parasite population structure, malaria transmission intensity, and ultimately help generate actionable data to assess the effectiveness of malaria control strategies. Genomic data, coupled with geographic information systems data, can further identify clusters or hotspots of malaria transmission, parasite genetic and spatial connectivity, and parasite movement by human or mosquito mobility over time and space. In this study, we performed longitudinal genomic surveillance in a cohort of 70 participants over four years from different neighborhoods and households in Thiès, Senegal—a region of exceptionally low malaria transmission (entomological inoculation rate (EIR) less than 1). Genetic identity (identity by state) was established using a 24 single nucleotide polymorphism molecular barcode and a multivariable linear regression model was used to establish genetic and spatial relationships. Our results show clustering of genetically similar parasites within households and a decline in genetic similarity of parasites with increasing distance. One household showed extremely high diversity and warrants further investigation as to the source of these diverse genetic types. This study illustrates the utility of genomic data with traditional epidemiological approaches for surveillance and detection of trends and patterns in malaria transmission not only by neighborhood but also by household. This approach can be implemented regionally and countrywide to strengthen and support malaria control and elimination efforts. </p>
Data from: Long-lasting insecticidal net use and asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia among household members of laboratory-confirmed malaria patients attending selected health facilities in Abuja, Nigeria, 2016: a cross-sectional survey
Introduction: In Nigeria, malaria remains a major burden. There is the presupposition that household members could have common exposure to malaria parasite and use of long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) could reduce transmission. This study was conducted to identify factors associated with asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia and LLIN use among households of confirmed malaria patients in Abuja, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to August 2016 in twelve health facilities selected from three area councils in Abuja, Nigeria. Participants were selected using multi-stage sampling technique. Overall, we recruited 602 participants from 107 households linked to 107 malaria patients attending the health facilities. Data on LLIN ownership, utilization, and house characteristics were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Blood samples of household members were examined for malaria parasitaemia using microscopy. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and logistic regression (α=0.05). Results: Median age of respondents was 16.5 years (Interquartile range: 23 years); 55.0% were females. Proportions of households that owned and used at least one LLIN were 44.8% and 33.6%, respectively. Parasitaemia was detected in at least one family member of 102 (95.3%) index malaria patients. Prevalence of asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia among study participants was 421/602 (69.9%). No association was found between individual LLIN use and malaria parasitaemia (odds ratio: 0.9, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.6-1.3) among study participants. Having bushes around the homes was associated with having malaria parasitaemia (adjusted OR (aOR): 2.7, 95%CI: 1.7-4.2) and less use of LLIN (aOR: 0.4, 95%CI: 0.2-0.9). Living in Kwali (aOR: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.0-0.2) was associated with less use of LLIN. Conclusion: High prevalence of asymptomatic malaria and low use of LLIN among household members of malaria patients portend the risk of intra-household common source of malaria transmission. We recommend household health education on LLIN use and environmental management. Study to explore the role of preventive treatment of household members of confirmed malaria patient in curbing transmission is suggested. Strategies promoting LLIN use need to be intensified in Kwali.
Data from: Indirect protection from vaccinating children against influenza in households
Vaccination is an important intervention to prevent influenza virus infection, but indirect protection of household members of vaccinees is not fully known. Here, we analyze a cluster household randomized control trial, with one child in each household randomized to receive vaccine or placebo, for an influenza B epidemic in Hong Kong. We apply statistical models to estimate household transmission dynamics and quantify the direct and indirect protection of vaccination. Direct vaccine efficacy is 71%. The infection probability of unvaccinated household members in vaccinated households was only 5% lower than in control households, because only 10% of infections are attributed to household transmission. Even when that proportion rises to 30% and all children are vaccinated, we predict that the infection probability for unvaccinated household members is only reduced by 20%. This suggests that benefits of individual vaccination remain important even when other household members are vaccinated.
Data from: Community water improvement, household water insecurity, and women's psychological distress: an intervention and control study in Ethiopia
Background: Over 650 million people worldwide lack access to safe water supplies, and even among those who have gained access to 'improved' sources, water may be seasonally unreliable, far from homes, expensive, and provide insufficient quantity. Measurement of water access at the level of communities and households remains crude, and better measures of household water insecurity are urgently needed to inform needs assessments and monitoring and evaluation. We set out to assess the validity of a quantitative scale of household water insecurity, and to investigate (1) whether improvements to community water supply reduce water insecurity, (2) whether water interventions affect women's psychological distress, and (3) the impacts of water insecurity on psychological distress, independent of socio-economic status, food security, and harvest quality. Methods and Findings: Measures were taken before and one to six months after a community water supply improvement in three villages in rural northern Ethiopia. Villages similar in size and access to water sources and other amenities did not receive interventions, and served as controls. Household water insecurity was assessed using a 21-item scale based on prior qualitative work in Ethiopia. Women's psychological distress was assessed using the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Respondents were either female heads of household or wives of the heads of household (n = 247 at baseline, n = 223 at endline); 123 households provided data at both rounds. The intervention was associated with a decline of approximately 2 points on the water insecurity scale between baseline and endline compared to the control (beta -1.99; 95% CI's -3.15, -0.84). We did not find evidence of impact of the intervention on women's psychological distress. Water insecurity was, however, predictive of psychological distress (p <0.01), independent of household food security and the quality of the previous year's harvest. Conclusion: These results contribute to the construct validity of our water insecurity scale, and establish our approach to measuring water insecurity as a plausible means of evaluating water interventions. Improvements to community water supplies were effective in reducing household water insecurity, but not psychological distress, in this population. Water insecurity was an important predictor of psychological distress. This study contributes to an emerging literature on quantitative assessment of household water insecurity, and draws attention to the potential impact of improved access to water on women's mental well-being.
How is ICT use linked to household transport expenditure? A cross-national macro analysis of the influence of home broadband access
<p>Dataset used for analysis in the paper.</p> <p>ABSTRACT: Understanding of the interactions between Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and physical mobility is a major area of research with practical applications in a number of fields. Very little, however, is known regarding how these relationships vary on a cross-national basis, including across countries at different stages in development. To address this gap, this paper presents an analysis of household transport expenditure as a function of the available variables, with a particular focus on the ICT. This analysis is based on a cross-sectional dataset from 2010 comprising information on 33 countries including average household transport expenditure, ICT represented by the percentage of households with Internet access at home, and a number of contextual macroeconomic and infrastructural variables<br> Using a log-log framework we find that, in our sample of countries, household transport expenditure is negatively associated with Internet penetration with an elasticity of -0.394. We verify this to be robust to endogeneity using presence of restrictions on foreign ownership in the Internet market as an instrumental variable. We also control for potential differences in data quality across countries using the Corruption Perceptions Index. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to quantify this relationship at a cross-national level while also controlling for endogeneity and data quality issues. Among the control variables, we observe the estimated effects to be intuitive, and consistent with existing research and microeconomic understandings of the behaviour of individuals and households.</p>
REMIND, KITE, JLU and aggregated Indian household data
<p>Data supporting the findings in Leimbach et al.'s (2023) paper: "Macroeconomic structural change likely increases inequality in India more than climate policy".</p>
DRLab Household Data
<p>During the project ANIMATION, measurements from household appliances were gathered using the Schneider Electric PowerTag system at a high frequency (around two seconds). The data has been collected since April 2022 and is organized in CSV files by month.</p> <p>Data available on <a href="https://edison.zvne.fer.hr/mmesar/dr-lab-data">GitLab</a>.</p>
Nigeria COVID-19 Household Seroprevalence Survey
<p>Results of population-based age stratified seroepidemiological investigation in Nigeria</p>
Socio-economic data for 79 households across four villages in Catimbau National Park, Pernambuco Brazil
<p>The research was funded by the British Council’s Newton Fund Institutional Links Program, project 275896277 ‘Advancing equity in Brazilian protected area management’. The data was used in the publication of the article 'Protected areas and the neglected contribution of Indigenous Peoples and local communities: Struggles for environmental justice in the Caatinga dry forest' published in the journal 'People and Nature' in November 2021. This social research was funded specifically to contribute complementary understanding to the Long-Term Ecological Project (LTEP-Catimbau) in Catimbau National Park (https://www.peldcatimbau.org), led by the Federal University of Pernambuco, which explores land-use and climate change. Ethical approval to conduct interviews was obtained from the Ethics Committee in Research from the Federal University of Amapá (CAAE 82787718.3.0000.0003, Permit number 2.497.655) and the Ethics Committee of the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Aberdeen, United Kingdom. Carrying out this research within Catimbau National Park was also authorized by ICMBIO (SISBIO – Authorization number 60074-1). We selected two Indigenous villages and two non-indigenous villages (determined through self-identification by people within those villages), located within the park from which to randomly select households, and from which to interview an individual over 18 years of age. Using satellite imagery and through discussion with village leaders we identified and numbered all occupied households in the four selected villages within the park and randomly selected 40 households across the two Indigenous communities and 40 across the two non-indigenous communities for semi-structured interviews, the second phase of the research. In total, seventy-nine household-level semi-structured interviews were conducted (one of the 80 selected was inadvertently missed) between April and August 2018, in Portuguese, with two members of the research team present (one male and one female), so that answers could be noted as fully as possible (see Supporting Information to the publication in the journal 'People and Nature' for the interview template). Before each interview we explained the research funding, partners, motivations, timeline, processes, ethical approach and potential outputs in detail. We provided the option to decline or to rearrange the time, and obtained verbal consent before starting each interview. Verbal consent was deemed most appropriate due to both the high rate of illiteracy and the degree of land tenure insecurity faced by respondents, which could have caused them unease about signing a written document. Interviews lasted between one and four hours, though the vast majority took between 1.5 and 2.5 hours. Anonymised, quantitative socio-economic data are presented in the adjacent worksheet.</p>
Atmospheric pollutant concentrations and leaf chemistry variables collected along gradients of median household income and traffic density in Salt Lake Valley, UT
<p>We utilize traffic density and <i>Convolvulus arvensis </i>leaf chemistry<i> </i>to understand spatial patterns linking atmospheric pollution and household income in the Salt Lake City metropolitan area, USA. We hypothesize that traffic density will explain variation in atmospheric NO<sub>x</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> concentrations. In addition, we expect foliar <span>%N and nitrogen isotope ratios (</span>δ<sup>15</sup>N) to be elevated and carbon isotope ratios (δ<sup>13</sup>C) to be depleted on high traffic density roads<span>. These hypotheses were supported: we found the</span><span> highest</span><span> NO<sub>x</sub> and lowest O<sub>3</sub> concentrations on high-traffic density roads. Also, NO<sub>x</sub> concentrations were higher in low-income neighborhoods. Low-income neighborhoods contained a greater density of high-traffic roads than high-income neighborhoods. Foliar %N was highest in low-income neighborhoods and was correlated with NO<sub>x</sub> and O<sub>3</sub></span>, while δ<sup>15</sup>N was more depleted with increasing O<sub>3</sub>. These findings indicate that the distribution of high-traffic density roads plays a significant role in inequities in pollution exposure between high- and low-income neighborhoods, which is reflected in leaf chemistry.</p>
Deforestation: An implication of high rates of unemployed and low-Income household members in rural communities in Kebbi, Nigeria
<p>Deforestation has been a major environmental issue in Northern Nigeria and despite several advocacy, yet such practice has continued to endure. A root course factors are unemployment and low-income among households in Northern Nigeria. As a result of low social/financial status of the household, they depend highly on cutting down trees to make fuel wood (firewood) and charcoal (gotten from burnt wood) for the source of energy for their domestic and commercial activities. This was proven by the analysis of a secondary dataset using R-Programming, sourced from the World Bank Microdata Library, a survey carried out in 2015 in Kebbi, Nigeria titled Nigeria-Feed the Future Livelihood Project 2015, Baseline Survey worldbank.org. The dataset contains 3976 households observed and 296 values were found missing which resulted to analyzing 3758 household after the missing values were omitted. Variables describing the employed members of the household, energy sources for lighting fuel and energy sources for cooking fuel for the households were extracted from the secondary dataset. Results revealed that there are over 3000 households dependent on fuel wood as an energy source. Also, results (ANOVA) revealed that annual income of the households has significant impact on cooking fuel sources (0.0104<0.05) and has a very strong significance on lighting fuel sources (0.000<0.05). The low-income rate of households was evident showing the relationship between employed members of the households with a very strong significance on annual income of the households (0.000375<0.05). This revealed that unemployed members of the households results to low-income of the households in Kebbi make them to highly depend on the use of fuel wood (firewood) and charcoal (gotten from burnt wood) on a dialy bases as a source of energy for cooking and lighting fuel. They also export and sell fuel wood and charcoal for financial gain to neighboring countries.</p>
Adaptation Mitigates the Negative Effect of Temperature Shocks on Household Consumption
<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p> <p>Consumption plays an important role in economic growth but little is known about its response to weather extremes. This paper examines the effect of temperature shocks on consumption using high-frequency and fine-scale data from the world’s largest payment network. Our analysis shows that excess heat and cold have a direct and immediate negative effect on various consumption activities in the short run, leading to an inverted U-shaped relationship between temperature and consumption. Consumption sensitivity varies by climate regions: excess heat has the largest effect in cold regions but the smallest in hot regions. The long-run projections show that without adaptation, climate change would reduce aggregate consumption under both moderate and aggressive scenarios by the end of the century. However, no evidence of consumption reduction arises once adaptation is accounted for. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating the moderating role of adaptation in understanding consumption responses to climate change.</p> <p><strong>Data and Code</strong></p> <p>The credit and debit card transactions data that support the findings of this study are from UnionPay and are confidential. We cannot disclose the data to the public under our nondisclosure agreement. Interested researcher can contact UnionPay Advisors at 86-21-61005911, or <a href="mailto:yinlianzhice@unionpayadvisors.com">yinlianzhice@unionpayadvisors.com</a>.</p> <p>Air pollution and weather data for this analysis are from public sources (https://www.ecmwf.int/en/forecasts/datasets/reanalysisdatasets/era-interim and https://air.cnemc.cn:18014/). The data are also available from Zenodo (<a href="https://zenodo.org/">https://zenodo.org/</a>).</p> <p>The file “download.py” contains the codes which download the temperature data from European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). The file "analysis.do" contains codes for producing Figure 1-Figure 6 and Extended Data Figure 3-Figure 6. STATA 16.0 or above is recommended in running the do-file.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.