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Fig. 9 in Fish remains, mostly otoliths, from the non-marine early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand

Fig. 9. Comparison of the caudal skeleton of Miocene Mataichthys bictenatus and Recent eleotrids based on x−rays (scaled to same size). A. Gobiomorphus gobioides (Valenciennes, 1837), NMNZ P.32815. B. Gobiomorphus australis (Krefft, 1864), ZMUC Jrn.374. C. Gobiomorphus cotidianus McDowall, 1975, NMNZ P.12719−B. D. Philypnodon grandiceps (Krefft, 1864), ZMUC Jrn.115. E. Mataichthys bictenatus Schwarzhans, Scofield, Tennyson, and T. Worthy gen. et sp. nov. (holotype, NMNZ S.52752, location 4, Mata Creek, Bannockburn Formation, early Miocene). F. Butis humeralis (Valenciennes, 1837), ZMUC Jrn.93. G. Ophiocara porocephala (Valenciennes, 1837), ZMUC Jrn.101. H. Ophieleotris aporos (Bleeker, 1854), ZMUC P.781801. I. Culius fuscus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801), ZMUC P.781283. Abbreviations: EP, epurals; H 1+2, fused hypurals 1 and 2; H 3+4+ U, fused urostylar complex and hypurals 3 and 4; H 5, hypural 5; PH, parhypural; PU 2, preural centre 2.

Fig. 8 in Fish remains, mostly otoliths, from the non-marine early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand

Fig. 8. Skeleton finds of eleotrid fishes and field location. A. Skeleton of Mataichthys bictenatus Schwarzhans, Scofield, Tennyson, and T. Worthy gen. et sp. nov., holotype, photograph of slabs with information about counterslabs (red) and splinter with otic capsule (red) and otolith in situ (red) spliced in digitally, NMNZ S.52752, location 4, Mata Creek, Bannockburn Formation, early Miocene. Photographs of slab and counterslabs mounted. B. Skeleton of M. bictenatus, CT−scans of slabs with information about counterslabs (green) spliced in digitally, same specimen as top row. Note that CT−scan images can be distorted and are not used for morphometrics. CT of slabs and counterslabs mounted. C. Head slab of M. bictenatus, found associated with specimen above, with otolith in situ, NMNZ S.52753. D. Photograph of Mata Creek location depicting sedimentary lense from which the fish slabs originated.

Fig. 3 in Fish remains, mostly otoliths, from the non-marine early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand

Fig. 3. Stratigraphic section at the Vinegar Hill location showing the position of Sites 1 and 2 relative to the basal part of the Bannockburn Formation (52.3–70 m; Lauder Member) after Douglas (1986) in the context of other fossil records (H41/f20 and H41/f21, H41/f56) and a vertebrate bearing Site 3 (H41/f111). FRN is Fossil Record Number in the archival Fossil Record File of the Geological Society of New Zealand.

Fig. 15 in Fish remains, mostly otoliths, from the non-marine early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand

Fig. 15. Otoliths of marine fishes from the early Miocene Bannockburn Formation and from selected recent fishes for comparison. A. Eeyorius hutchinsi Paulin, 1986, Recent, off Tasmania, 41°00'S–147°23'E, WAM 27564−003, paratype, inner face (A), dorsal view (A). B, C. Lotella rhacina (Bloch and 1 2 Schneider, 1801). B. Recent, of Western Australia, collection W. Schwarzhans, donated by WAM, inner face (B1), dorsal view (B2). C. NMNZ S.52748, Manuherikia River, HH1a, inner face (C1), dorsal view (C2), posterior view (C3), outer face (C4). D. Lactarius sigmoidalis (Frost, 1933), NMNZ S.52749, Manuherikia River, HH1a, inner face (D1), ventral view (D2). E. Bleekeria viridianguilla (Fowler, 1931), Recent, Jakarta, SMF 15768, inner face (E1), ventral view (E2). F, G. Genus aff. Bleekeria sagittiformis (Schwarzhans, 1980), Manuherikia River. F. NMNZ S.52750, HH1b, anterior view (F1), inner face (F2), ventral view (F3). G. NMNZ S.52751, HH1a, inner face.

Fig. 12 in Fish remains, mostly otoliths, from the non-marine early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand

Fig. 12. Otoliths of recent eleotrid fishes from the Indo West−Pacific for comparison. A. Allomogurnda nesolepis (Weber, 1907), Recent, 04°11'S– 144°46'E, WAM 29605−008, inner face. B. Belobranchus belobranchus (Valenciennes, 1837), Recent, 10°16'S–150°43'E, WAM 31634−005, inner face (B1), ventral view (B2). C. Bunaka gyrinoides (Bleeker, 1853), Recent, Ponape, collection W. Schwarzhans, donated by ZMH, inner face. D. Giurus margaritaceus (Valenciennes, 1837), Recent, 03°16'S–138°41'E, WAM 31753−002, inner face (D), ventral view (D). E. Giurus hoedti (Bleeker, 1854), 1 2 Recent, 01°51'S–136°33'E, WAM 31041−003, inner face. F. Mogurnda aurofodinae Whitley, 1938, Recent, 03°34'S–142°57'E, WAM 29838−001, inner face (F), ventral view (F). G. Mogurnda mogurnda (Richardson, 1844), Recent, northern Australia, collection W. Schwarzhans, donated by WAM, inner +

FIGURE 4 in Methods for isolation and quantification of microfossil fish teeth and elasmobranch dermal denticles (ichthyoliths) from marine sediments

FIGURE 4. Examples of select taxonomically identifiable fossil ichthyoliths and modern counterparts. All modern ichthyoliths were isolated from specimens in the Scripps Marine Vertebrate Collection. The fossil Myctophidae and Triakidae specimens are from ODP Site 1262, and are 62 million years old. The Scaridae modern teeth are from Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History's Fish Collection and subfossil teeth are from coral reef sediment cores taken off of the coast of Bocas del Toro, Panama, and are approximately 1200 years old.

FIGURE 3. Paleocene-aged ichthyoliths from ODP Site 1262, stained with Alizarin Red S in Methods for isolation and quantification of microfossil fish teeth and elasmobranch dermal denticles (ichthyoliths) from marine sediments

FIGURE 3. Paleocene-aged ichthyoliths from ODP Site 1262, stained with Alizarin Red S. The scale bar is 500 μm, with teeth>106 μm in the upper row and teeth <106 μm in the lower. Note that in the coloring effect is present in all teeth, however, the degree of staining varies.

FIGURE 2. A flowchart showing the steps for sediment processing for efficient and effective ichthyolith isolation from a in Methods for isolation and quantification of microfossil fish teeth and elasmobranch dermal denticles (ichthyoliths) from marine sediments

FIGURE 2. A flowchart showing the steps for sediment processing for efficient and effective ichthyolith isolation from a variety of sediment types. Sediment types are in boxes, while processing steps are shown in ovals.

FIGURE 1 in Methods for isolation and quantification of microfossil fish teeth and elasmobranch dermal denticles (ichthyoliths) from marine sediments

FIGURE 1. An assortment of large (>106 μm fraction) denticles (elasmobranch scales; left) and fish teeth (right) from DSDP Site 596, a red clay core in the South Pacific. These ichthyoliths are approximately 52 million years old. Image was taken on the Hull Lab Imaging System, Yale University. Scale bar is 500 μm.

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Linked collectors and determiners for: Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records.

Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Checklist of the marine and estuarine fishes of New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 810 new records". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/8bb17a01-6ca6-4225-a42c-be3cb22e3db0">https://bionomia.net/dataset/8bb17a01-6ca6-4225-a42c-be3cb22e3db0</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/8bb17a01-6ca6-4225-a42c-be3cb22e3db0">https://gbif.org/dataset/8bb17a01-6ca6-4225-a42c-be3cb22e3db0</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.

FIG. 13 in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 13. — Strict consensus tree for sister-group relationships of 14 species of Euryhaliotrema n. gen. from eight equally parsimonious solutions obtained with PAUP*.

FIG. 10 in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 10. — Sclerotized structures of Euryhaliotrema n. gen. species; A-G, Euryhaliotrema bychowskyi (Obodnikova, 1976) n. comb.; A, ventral anchor; B, vagina (ventral view); C, hook; D, copulatory complex (ventral view); E, dorsal anchor; F, ventral bar; G, dorsal bar; H-N, Euryhaliotrema paralonchuri (Lugue & Iannacone, 1989) n. comb; H, vagina (ventral view); I, hook; J, ventral bar; K, copulatory complex (ventral view); L, dorsal anchor; M, dorsal bar; N, ventral anchor. Scale bar: 25 µm.

FIG. 9. — Euryhaliotrema sagmatum n. gen., n in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 9. — Euryhaliotrema sagmatum n. gen., n. sp.; A, whole mount (ventral view); B, vagina (ventral view); C, hook; D, copulatory complex (ventral view); E, ventral bar; F, dorsal bar; G, ventral anchor; H, dorsal anchor. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B-H, 25 µm.

FIG. 6. — Euryhaliotrema succedaneus n. gen., n in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 6. — Euryhaliotrema succedaneus n. gen., n. sp.; A, whole mount (composite, ventral view); B, vagina (ventral view); C, hook; D, ventral bar; E, dorsal bar; F, copulatory complex (ventral view); G, ventral anchor; H, dorsal anchor. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B-H, 25 µm.

FIG. 3. — Euryhaliotrema potamocetes n. gen., n in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 3. — Euryhaliotrema potamocetes n. gen., n. sp.; A, whole mount (composite, ventral view); B, vagina (ventral view); C, hook; D, copulatory complex (ventral view); E, ventral bar; F, dorsal bar; G, ventral anchor; H, dorsal anchor. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B-H, 25 µm.

FIG. 2. — Euryhaliotrema lovejoyi n. gen., n in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 2. — Euryhaliotrema lovejoyi n. gen., n. sp.; A, whole mount (composite, ventral view); B, vagina (ventral view); C, copulatory complex (ventral view); D, hook; E, ventral bar; F, dorsal bar; G, ventral anchor; H, dorsal anchor. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-H, 25 µm.

FIG. 1. — Euryhaliotrema chaoi n. gen., n in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 1. — Euryhaliotrema chaoi n. gen., n. sp.; A, whole mount (composite, ventral view; germarium not totally inked in order to show the dorsal male reproductive organs); B, vagina (ventral view); C, ventral anchor; D, hook; E, copulatory complex (ventral view); F, G, dorsal anchors; H, ventral bar; I, dorsal bar. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B-D, F-I, 25 µm; E, 50 µm.

FIG. 12 in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 12. — Hypothesis for the evolutionary history of 14 species of Euryhaliotrema n. gen. based on 18 homologous series of morphological characters. Numbers above each branch refer to postulated evolutionary changes as indicated in the character analysis. Numbers below each branch refer to bootstrap support for 1000 replicates; only values ≥ 50% are presented. Tree length = 30; Consistency Index = 66.7%; Retention Index = 83.1%.

FIG. 8 in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 8. — Euryhaliotrema carbunculus (Hargis, 1955) n. comb.; A, whole mount (dorsal view); B, copulatory complex (dorsal view); C, hook; D, vagina (dorsal view); E, ventral bar; F, dorsal bar; G, ventral anchor; H, dorsal anchor. Scale bars: A, 100 µm; B-H, 25 µm.

FIG. 7. — Euryhaliotrema atlantica n. gen., n in 41: New and previously described species of Dactylogyridae (Platyhelminthes) from the gills of marine and freshwater perciform fishes (Teleostei) with proposal of a new genus and a hypothesis on phylogeny

FIG. 7. — Euryhaliotrema atlantica n. gen., n. sp.; A, whole mount (composite, ventral view); B, vagina (ventral view); C, copulatory complex (ventral view); D, ventral bar; E, dorsal bar; F, ventral anchor; G, hook; H, dorsal anchor. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B-H, 25 µm.