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432 results for “morphological development”
FIGURE 8 in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 8. Outlines of antennules (Al I–Al V), antenna (An) and mandible (Md) of the naupliar stages of Peltogaster reticulata. 1–6, antennular setae; bs, basipod seta. Scale bar 25 µm.
FIGURE 11. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius IV. A in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 11. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius IV. A, ventral view; B, hind body; C, furca; D, antennule. De, denticles; 5, 6, antennular setae.
FIGURE 3 in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 3. Transverse sections of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, mature ovary; B, embryos; C, colleteric gland; D, colleteric gland near posterior end; E, left and right receptacles (colleteric gland does not reach the stalk); F, left receptacle near anterior end; G, receptacle duct; H, receptacle duct before outlet in the mantle cavity. Cg, colleteric gland; em, embryos; ov, ovary; m, mantle; r, receptacle; rd, receptacle duct; sh, shield; st, stalk.
FIGURE 10. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius III. A in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 10. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius III. A, ventral view; B, frontolateral horn; C, hind body with furca; D, antennular setae; E, antenna. Bs, basipod seta; se, subterminal seta; su, suture.
FIGURE 2 in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 2. SEM showing cuticle structure of the externa of Peltogaster reticulata. A, external cuticle (arrows show longitudinal and transverse ridges); B, internal cuticle; C, a group of two retinacula on one base; D, groups of two or four retinacula; E, a single balloon-like retinaculum; F, lamp-brush retinaculum is released out of balloon-like envelope.
FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 9. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius II. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, flotation collar; D, head shield setae; E, the third head shield seta with subterminal pore; F, head shield pore; G, attachment ridge; H, frontolateral horn; I, labrum; J, hind body; K, furca; L, antennules and antennae. Bs, basipod seta; cf, cuticular fringes; fc, flotation collar; po, pore on shield head (D) and on attachment disc (G); se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 1, 2, 2a, anterior head shield setae; 1–5, antennular setae.
FIGURE 6 in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 6. Body outlines (ventral view) of male and female larvae of Peltogaster reticulata. A, NI–NV, naupliar stages; B, cypris stages; C, head shield of nauplius III (dorsal view with setation); D, carapace of cyprid (lateral view with lattice organs). 1–5, head shield setae (C), lattice organs (D); p, pore; pf, porefield. Scale bar 100 µm.
FIGURE 5 in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 5. Size-frequency distribution of male (black bars) and female (grey bars) cyprids of Peltogaster reticulata.
FIGURE 7. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius I. A in The parasitic barnacle Peltogaster reticulata Shiino, 1943 (Rhizocephala, Peltogastridae) fromRussian watersof the Sea of Japan:morphological description molecular identification and complete larval development
FIGURE 7. Peltogaster reticulata, nauplius I. A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, details of B; D, frontolateral horn; E, appendages. Al, antennule; an, antenna; fh, frontolateral horn; fr, furcal rami; md, mandible; po, pore; se, subterminal seta; su, suture; 2, 2a, head shield setae.
Post-embryonic development of Fritzolenellus suggests the ancestral morphology of the early developmental stages in Trilobita
<p>Trilobite development has been intensively explored during past decades, but information about ancestral character combinations in the early developmental stages of trilobites remains virtually unknown. Trilobites of the superfamily Olenelloidea are one of the earliest diverging groups. Study of their development coupled with the development of other early diverging trilobite groups can provide crucial information about the ancestral morphology of trilobite early stages. Herein we describe numerous well-preserved specimens of the olenelloid trilobite <em>Fritzolenellus lapworthi</em>. The earliest stages have circular cephala bearing intergenal spines and lacking genal spines. During subsequent development, morphological changes comprise the modification of the cephalic shape from circular to semi-circular, expansion of LA, gradual shortening of intergenal spines and origin and prolongation of genal spines. Trunk development of <em>Fritzolenellus</em> suggest that the development of macropleurae and macrospines are two independent processes and that origin of the opistotrunk is linked with the onset of phase 5 of cephalic development. The morphology of the early developmental stages of <em>Fritzolenellus</em> and some related taxa differs in many aspects from the morphology of equivalent stages of some other members of Olenelloidea. Consequently, two basic morphotypes are recognized during the early development of Olenelloidea – the <em>Fritzolenellus</em> and the <em>Olenellus</em> morphotypes. Comparison with Fallotaspidoidea and Redlichiina reveals that early developmental stages of these taxa share character combinations that are typical for <em>Fritzolenellus</em> morphotype. Such a comparison suggests that characters defining <em>Fritzolenellus</em> morphotype are ancestral for Trilobita. The <em>Olenellus</em> morphotype is likely a derived condition within Olenelloidea and might be related to predator deterrence.</p>
Data from: Increased accuracy of species lists developed for alpine lakes using morphology and cytochrome oxidase I for identification of specimens
The first step in many community ecology studies is to produce a species list from a sample of individuals. Community ecologists now have two viable ways of producing a species list: morphological and barcode identification. In this study, we compared the taxonomic resolution gained by a combined use of both methods and tested whether a change in taxonomic resolution significantly impacted richness estimates for benthic macroinvertebrates sampled from ten lakes in Sequoia National Park, USA. Across all lakes, 77 unique taxa were identified and 42% (32) were reliably identified to species using both barcode and morphological identification. Of the 32 identified to species, 63% (20) were identified solely by comparing the barcode sequence from cytochrome oxidase I to the Barcode of Life reference library. The increased resolution using a combined identification approach compared to identifications based solely on morphology resulted in a significant increase in estimated richness within a lake at the order, family, genus and species levels of taxonomy (P < 0.05). Additionally, young or damaged individuals that could not be identified using morphology were identified using their COI sequences to the genus or species level on average 75% of the time. Our results demonstrate that a combined identification approach improves accuracy of benthic macroinvertebrate species lists in alpine lakes and subsequent estimates of richness. We encourage the use of barcodes for identification purposes and specifically when morphology is insufficient, as in the case of damaged and early life stage specimens of benthic macroinvertebrates.
Data from: Effects of perceived predation risk and social environment on the development of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) morphology
Phenotypically plastic changes in response to variation in perceived predation risk are widespread, but little is known about if and how social environment modulates induced responses to predation risk. We investigated the influence of perceived predation risk (i.e. chemical cues from a predator) and social environment (i.e. one, two or 20 individuals reared together) on three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) morphology in a factorial common garden experiment. We found that exposure to chemical cues from potential predators did not influence growth or body condition or induce more robust morphological defences (i.e. lateral plate numbers and dorsal spine lengths). However, sticklebacks exposed to predator cues developed longer caudal peduncles and larger eyes as compared with fish from the control treatment. As these responses may improve sticklebacks' ability to avoid piscine predation, they might be adaptive. Social environment/density also influenced expression of some traits, but these effects were independent of predation-risk treatment effects. In general, these results suggest that apart from the classic morphological defence structures, which appear mostly constitutive, three-spined sticklebacks are capable of expressing potentially adaptive morphological responses to chemical cues from potential predators.
FIGURE 2 in The development of the male second antenna in Polyartemiella hazeni (Murdoch, 1884) with a morphological definition of the Chirocephalidae (Crustacea: Anostraca)
FIGURE 2. Polyartemiella hazeni. Development of the male second antenna through various successive instars; A, B, and C: anterior view of left side of head. (Scale bars: A = 0.2mm; B = 0.3 mm; C = 0.5mm).
FIGURE 1 in The development of the male second antenna in Polyartemiella hazeni (Murdoch, 1884) with a morphological definition of the Chirocephalidae (Crustacea: Anostraca)
FIGURE 1. Polyartemiella hazeni. Development of the male second antenna through various successive instars; A: anterior view, left side of head; B: lateral view of left side of the head; C – F, and I: anterior view of left side of head; H: lateral view of second antenna depicted in G. Scale bar = 0.02mm.
FIGURE 6 in Morphological development of Hypophthalmus fimbriatus and H. marginatus post-yolk-sac larvae (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 6. Morphological comparison of larvae of a) Hypophthalmus edentatus – 9.25 mm SL (adapted from Nakatani et al., 1998); b) H. fimbriatus – 9.40 mm SL; and c) H. marginatus – 10.29 mm SL.
FIGURE 5 in Morphological development of Hypophthalmus fimbriatus and H. marginatus post-yolk-sac larvae (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 5. Body proportions for larvae of Hypophthtalmus fimbriatus and H. marginatus in relation to head width: a) head length; b) body depth; c) pre-pectoral distance; d) pre-dorsal distance; and e) pre-anal distance.
FIGURE 1 in Morphological development of Hypophthalmus fimbriatus and H. marginatus post-yolk-sac larvae (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 1. Sampling sites in the Anavilhanas Ecological Station – ESEC, rio Negro, with the substations (A, B, C, D and E) where Hypophthalmus spp. larvae were collected.
FIGURE 4 in Morphological development of Hypophthalmus fimbriatus and H. marginatus post-yolk-sac larvae (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 4. Body proportions for larvae of Hypophthalmus fimbriatus and H. marginatus in relation to head length: a) head depth; b) snout length; c) eye diameter; d) interorbital distance and e) head width.
FIGURE 3 in Morphological development of Hypophthalmus fimbriatus and H. marginatus post-yolk-sac larvae (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 3. Larval development of Hypophthalmus marginatus. Developmental stages are: a) preflexion (3.95 mm SL); b) early-flexion (6.58 mm SL); c) mid-flexion (8.60 mm SL); d) late-flexion (10.29 mm SL); e) early-postflexion (14.62 mm SL); and f) mid-postflexion (12.98 mm SL). Scale = 1mm.
FIGURE 2 in Morphological development of Hypophthalmus fimbriatus and H. marginatus post-yolk-sac larvae (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae)
FIGURE 2. Larval development of Hypophthalmus fimbriatus. Developmental stages are: a) preflexion (4.20 mm SL); b) early-flexion (7.25 mm SL); c) mid-flexion (9.30 mm SL); d) late-flexion (9.40 mm SL); e) early-postflexion (10.87 mm SL); and f) mid-postflexion (13.28 mm SL). Scale = 1mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.