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147 results for “plant–soil feedbacks”
Data from: Species-specific plant-soil feedback effects on above-ground plant-insect interactions
1. Plant–soil feedback (PSF) effects on plant performance strongly depend on the plant species that conditioned the soil. Recent studies have shown that PSF can change above-ground plant–insect interactions via soil-mediated changes in plant quality, but whether these effects depend on species-specific soil conditioning is unknown. We examined how PSF effects of several plant species influence above-ground plant–aphid interactions. 2. We grew ragwort (Jacobaea vulgaris) in field soil conditioned specifically by 10 plant species, belonging to three functional groups (grasses, forbs and legumes), in a multispecies mixture of the conditioned soils and in control (unconditioned) field soil. We measured plant biomass, concentrations of primary (amino acids) and secondary (pyrrolizidine alkaloids) metabolites in phloem exudates, and performance of the generalist aphid Brachycaudus cardui and the specialist Aphis jacobaeae. 3. We observed that plant species, via species-specific effects on soil fungal communities, exerted unique plant–soil effects on J. vulgaris biomass, amino acid concentrations in phloem exudates and aphid performance. The direction and magnitude of the species-specific PSF effects on aphid performance differed between both aphid species. PSF effects on soil fungal communities, plant biomass and A. jacobaeae performance also differed between grasses, forbs and legumes, with soil conditioning by forbs resulting in lowest plant biomass and aphid performance. 4. Synthesis. Our study provides novel evidence that PSF effects on above-ground plant–insect interactions are highly species specific. Our results add a new dimension to the rapidly developing research fields of PSF and above-below-ground interactions, and highlights that these fields are tightly linked.
Ecological resilience of physical plant–soil feedback to chronic deer herbivory: slow, partial but functional recovery
<p>Ecological resilience to ungulate overbrowsing is an important issue in forest ecosystem. After chronic herbivory, the recovery rate of understory vegetation and its related functions can be slow even with decreasing grazing intensity; thus, detecting elasticity during alternative successional trajectories is fundamental to understanding state perturbations. In this context, we focused on physical plant–soil feedback (functional interactions between plant growths and soil physical conditions), and evaluated elasticity and recovery processes according to deer density. The effects of 40-year chronic herbivory by sika deer (average density 14.7 individuals km<sup>-2</sup>) on the recovery of understory plant communities and associated improvements in soil physical properties in headwater catchments were assessed. Using 8 years of catchment-wide exclusion (fenced) and reduction (only culled; average 4.3 individuals km<sup>-2</sup>) treatments, plot sampling was conducted in 2010 (before treatment) and 2018 (after treatment). The recovery of vegetation and soil physical properties were evaluated, and functional plant–soil relationships and spatial variability were assessed to detect recovery processes during alternative successional trajectory. Woody species increased only under the exclusion treatment and the average soil bulk density was lower than that under reduction treatments. Soil bulk density was negatively correlated with root biomass in the fenced catchment, and root biomass was positively associated with woody species richness. Reduced soil bulk density (~0.5 g cm<sup>-3</sup>) was observed with greater root biomass and woody species richness on upper hillslopes in the deer-excluded catchment where plant coverage was minimal. Successional failure under the reduction treatment suggested slow recovery with a depressed threshold according to deer density, indicating a clockwise hysteretic response to deer density. Unlike plant coverage during the earlier period of overbrowsing, woody species root development led the recovery of functional physical plant–soil feedback; however, this was probably limited by the higher soil erosion rate in riparian areas and an underdeveloped herb layer. Our results highlight an alternative recovery trajectory of physical plant–soil feedback driven by an alternative plant element (woody roots) to degradation trajectory with decreasing plant cover. However, riparian erosion and herb layer would still suppress recovery. Therefore, recovery might be slower at landscape scale.</p>
Globally, plant-soil feedbacks are weak predictors of plant abundance
Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) have been shown to strongly affect plant performance under controlled conditions, and PSFs are thought to have far reaching consequences for plant population dynamics and the structuring of plant communities. However, thus far the relationship between PSF and plant species abundance in the field is not consistent. Here, we synthesize PSF experiments from tropical forests to semiarid grasslands, and test for a positive relationship between plant abundance in the field and PSFs estimated from controlled bioassays. We meta-analyzed results from 22 PSF experiments and found an overall positive correlation (0.12 ≤ ▁(r ̅ ) ≤ 0.32) between plant abundance in the field and PSFs across plant functional types (herbaceous and woody plants) but also variation by plant functional type. Thus, our analysis provides quantitative support that plant abundance has a general albeit weak positive relationship with PSFs across ecosystems. Overall, our results suggest that harmful soil biota tend to accumulate around and disproportionately impact species that are rare. However, data for the herbaceous species, which are most common in the literature, had no significant abundance-PSFs relationship. Therefore, we conclude that further work is needed within and across biomes, succession stages and plant types, both under controlled and field conditions, while separating PSF effects from other drivers (e.g. herbivory, competition, disturbance) of plant abundance to tease apart the role of soil biota in causing patterns of plant rarity versus commonness.
Data from: Plant community evenness responds to spatial plant-soil feedback heterogeneity primarily through the diversity of soil conditioning
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Data from: Species-specific plant-soil feedback effects on above-ground plant-insect interactions
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Ecological resilience of physical plant–soil feedback to chronic deer herbivory: slow, partial but functional recovery
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Globally, plant-soil feedbacks are weak predictors of plant abundance
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Data from: Commonness and rarity of alien and native plant species – the relative roles of intraspecific competition and plant–soil feedback
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Data from: Biotic and abiotic plant-soil feedback depends on nitrogen-acquisition strategy and shifts during long-term ecosystem development
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Data from: The strength of negative plant-soil feedback increases from the intraspecific to the interspecific and the functional group level
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Data from: Phylogenetic relatedness, phenotypic similarity, and plant-soil feedbacks
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Soil microbial legacy drives crop diversity advantage: linking ecological plant-soil feedback with agricultural intercropping
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Data from: Plant–soil feedbacks promote negative frequency dependence in the coexistence of two aridland grasses
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Data from: Effects of spatial plant-soil feedback heterogeneity on plant performance in monocultures
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Data from: Plant competition alters the temporal dynamics of plant-soil feedbacks
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Data from: Bacterial diversity amplifies nutrient-based plant-soil feedbacks
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Data from: Integrating spatial structure and interspecific and intraspecific plant–soil feedback effects and responses into community structure
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Data from: Soil-mediated eco-evolutionary feedbacks in the invasive plant Alliaria petiolata
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Data from: Positive plant-soil feedbacks trigger tannin evolution by niche construction: a spatial stoichiometric model
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Data from: Beyond biomass: soil feedbacks are transient over plant life-stages and alter fitness
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