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172 results for “ranging patterns”
Data from: Range-wide and regional patterns of population structure and genetic diversity in the gopher tortoise
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Data from: Sex-specific shifts in morphology and colour pattern polymorphism during range expansion of an invasive lizard
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Data from: Conservation genomics of anadromous Atlantic salmon across its North American range: outlier loci identify the same patterns of population structure as neutral loci
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Data from: Loci under selection during multiple range expansions of an invasive plant are mostly population-specific, but patterns are associated with climate
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Data from: Unequal contribution of widespread and narrow-ranged species to botanical diversity patterns
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Data from: Non-random latitudinal gradients in range size and niche breadth predicted by spatial patterns of climate
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Data from: Phylogeographic pattern of range expansion provides evidence for cryptic species lineages in Silene nutans in Western Europe
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Data from: Evolutionary patterns in the geographic range size of Atlantic Forest plants
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Fig. 2 in Movement patterns and home range in Diplomystes camposensis (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae), an endemic and threatened species from Chile
Fig. 2. River sections showing movement patterns (black lines) for each of the seven individuals of Diplomystes camposensis studied. a) RT 13, b) RT 14, c) RT 52, d) RT 61, e) RT 62, f) RT 63, g) RT 67. Note that scales are different in each case. Please refer to Fig. 1 for reference to the location of these areas within the main study area (San Pedro River).
Fig. 1 in Movement patterns and home range in Diplomystes camposensis (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae), an endemic and threatened species from Chile
Fig. 1. Study area showing the main course of the San Pedro River, which has its origin in the Riñihue Lake outlet. The confluence with the Quinchilca River is located 40 kilometres downstream, forming the Calle-Calle River. Zoomed area represents kernel home range for individual RT 13. Areas in dark grey, light grey, and white correspond to estimation using 95%, 70% and 50% density, respectively.
Fig. 4 in Movement patterns and home range in Diplomystes camposensis (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae), an endemic and threatened species from Chile
Fig. 4. Relationship between body mass (g) and Kernel home range (m2). Black circles, gray squares, and white pentagons correspond to Kernel estimation with 95%, 75%, and 50% density, respectively.
Fig. 3 in Movement patterns and home range in Diplomystes camposensis (Siluriformes: Diplomystidae), an endemic and threatened species from Chile
Fig. 3. Three measures of movement of Diplomystes camposensis. The x-axis shows six individuals and the combined data during day (D) and night time (N). The y-axis shows values of a) distance from E0 (m); b) Cumulative directional movement (m), and c) Average movement (m), differentiating between displacements upstream (positive) or downstream (negative) in direction. Black squares show mean value and whiskers show standard error. Individual R 52 not included here due to the lack of night measurements.
Data from: Contrasting patterns of genome-wide polymorphism in the native and invasive range of the marine mollusk Crepidula fornicata
Selection processes are believed to be an important evolutionary driver behind the successful establishment of non-indigenous species, however evidence is still scarce. Genome-scans have often identified loci with atypical patterns of genetic differentiation (i.e. outliers) indicative of selection processes. Using microsatellite- and AFLP-based genome-scans, we looked for evidence of post-introduction selection in the mollusk Crepidula fornicata, native from the northwestern Atlantic and introduced in the northeastern Atlantic and northeastern Pacific during the 19th and 20th centuries. We examined 683 individuals from 7 native and 15 introduced populations spanning the latitudinal introduction and native ranges of the species. Our results showed the high genetic diversity in all populations with little genetic structure between the two ranges, a pattern typical of marine invaders. Analyzing 344 loci, no outliers were detected between introduced and native populations or within introduced populations. The genomic sampling may have been insufficient to reveal selection especially if it acts on traits determined by a few genes. Eight outliers were however identified within the native range, underlining a genetic singularity congruent with a well-known biogeographic break along the Florida. Our results call into question the relevance of AFLP genome-scans in detecting adaptation on the time-scale of biological invasions: genome-scans often reveal long-term adaptation involving numerous genes throughout the genome but seem less effective in detecting recent adaptation from pre-existing variation on polygenic traits. This study advocates other methods to detect selection effects during biological invasions – on phenotypic traits, although genome-scans may remain useful for elucidating introduction histories.
Data from: Diurnal body temperature patterns in free-ranging populations of two southern African arid-zone nightjars
Endotherms allocate large amounts of energy and water to the regulation of a precise body temperature (Tb), but can potentially reduce thermoregulatory costs by allowing Tb to deviate from normothermic levels. Many data on heterothermy at low air temperatures (Ta) exist for caprimulgids, whereas data on thermoregulation at high Ta are largely absent, despite members of this taxon frequently roosting and nesting in sites exposed to high operative temperatures. We investigated thermoregulation in free-ranging Rufous-cheeked Nightjars (Caprimulgus rufigena) and Freckled Nightjars (Caprimulgus tristigma) in the southern African arid zone. Individuals of both species showed labile Tb fluctuating around a single modal Tb (Tb-mod). Average Tb-mod was 39.7 °C for Rufous-cheeked Nightjars and 39.0 °C for Freckled Nightjars. In both species, diurnal Tb increased with increasing Ta. At Ta ≥ 38 °C, Rufous-cheeked Nightjar mean Tb increased to 42 °C, equivalent to 2.3 °C above Tb-mod. Under similar conditions, Freckled Nightjar Tb was on average only 1.1 °C above Tb-mod, with a mean Tb of 40.0 °C. Freckled Nightjars are one of the most heterothermic caprimulgids investigated to date, but our data suggest that during hot conditions this species maintains Tb within a narrow range above Tb-mod, possibly reflecting an evolutionary tradeoff between decreased thermal sensitivity to lower Tb but increased sensitivity to high Tb. These findings reveal how general thermoregulatory patterns at similar Ta can vary even among closely related species.
Data from: Patterns of linkage disequilibrium and long range hitchhiking in evolving experimental Drosophila melanogaster populations
Whole genome re-sequencing of experimental populations evolving under a specific selection regime has become a popular approach to determine genotype-phenotype maps and understand adaptation to new environments. Despite its conceptual appeal and success in identifying some causative genes, it has become apparent that many studies suffer from an excess of candidate loci. Several explanations have been proposed for this phenomenon, but it is clear that information about the linkage structure during such experiments is needed. Until now only Pool-Seq data were available, which do not provide sufficient information about the correlation between linked sites. We address this problem in two complementary analyses of three replicate D. melanogaster populations evolving to a new hot temperature environment for almost 70 generations. In the first analysis, we sequenced 58 haploid genomes from the founder population and evolved flies at generation 67. We show that during the experiment LD increased almost uniformly over much greater distances than typically seen in Drosophila. In the second analysis, Pool-Seq time series data of the three replicates were combined with haplotype information from the founder population to follow blocks of initial haplotypes over time. We identified 17 selected haplotype-blocks that started at low frequencies in the base population and increased in frequency during the experiment. The size of these haplotype-blocks ranged from 0.082 to 4.095 Mb. Moreover, between 42-46% of the top candidate SNPs from the comparison of founder and evolved populations fell into the genomic region covered by the haplotype-blocks. We conclude that LD in such rising haplotype-blocks results in long range hitchhiking over multiple kb sized regions. LD in such haplotype-blocks is therefore a major factor contributing to an excess of candidate loci. While modifications of the experimental design may help to reduce the hitchhiking effect and allow for more precise mapping of causative variants, we also note that such haplotype-blocks might be well suited to study the dynamics of selected genomic regions during experimental evolution studies.
Data from: Behavior influences range limits and patterns of coexistence across an elevational gradient in tropical birds
Does competition influence patterns of coexistence between closely related taxa? Here we address this question by analyzing patterns of range overlap between related species of birds ("sister pairs") co-occurring on a tropical elevational gradient. We explicitly contrast the behavioral dimension of interspecific competition (interference competition) with similarity in resource acquisition traits (exploitative competition). Specifically, we ask whether elevational range overlap in 118 sister pairs that live along the Manu Transect in southeastern Peru is predicted by proxies for competition (intraspecific territorial behavior) or niche divergence (beak divergence and divergence times, an estimate of evolutionary age). We find that close relatives that defend year-round territories tend to live in non-overlapping elevational distributions, while close relatives that do not defend territories tend to broadly overlap in elevational distribution. In contrast, neither beak divergence nor evolutionary age was associated with patterns of range limitation. We interpret these findings as evidence that behavioral interactions⎯particularly direct territorial aggression⎯can be important in setting elevational range limits and preventing coexistence of closely related species, though this depends upon the extent to which intraspecific territorial behavior can be extended to territorial interactions between species. Our results suggest that interference competition can be an important driver of species range limits in diverse assemblages, and thus highlight the importance of considering behavioral dimensions of the niche in macroecological studies.
FIGURE 12 in The Gondwanan relict oribatid genus Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from rainforests in Queensland and Northern New South Wales: new species show a mixed pattern of short-range and long-range endemism
FIGURE 12. Crotonia eungella sp. nov. holotype female a) dorsal; b) ventral; c) lateral.
FIGURE 6. Crotonia ardala Luxton, 1987 holotype female a in The Gondwanan relict oribatid genus Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from rainforests in Queensland and Northern New South Wales: new species show a mixed pattern of short-range and long-range endemism
FIGURE 6. Crotonia ardala Luxton, 1987 holotype female a) dorsal; b) ventral; c) lateral.
FIGURE 16 in The Gondwanan relict oribatid genus Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from rainforests in Queensland and Northern New South Wales: new species show a mixed pattern of short-range and long-range endemism
FIGURE 16. Crotonia raveni sp. nov. ventral a) holotype female; a) paratype male.
FIGURE 17 in The Gondwanan relict oribatid genus Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from rainforests in Queensland and Northern New South Wales: new species show a mixed pattern of short-range and long-range endemism
FIGURE 17. Caudal regions of a) Crotonia raveni sp. nov.; b) Crotonia daviesae sp. nov.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.