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543 results for “roles and responsibilities”
Data from: The role of species-specific sensory cues in male responses to mating rivals in Drosophila melanogaster fruitflies
Complex sets of cues can be important in recognising and responding to conspecific mating competitors and avoiding potentially costly heterospecific competitive interactions. Within Drosophila. melanogaster, males can detect sensory inputs from conspecifics to assess the level of competition. They respond to rivals by significantly extending mating duration and gain significant fitness benefits from doing so. Here, we tested the idea that the multiple sensory cues used by D. melanogaster males to detect conspecifics also function to minimise 'off-target' responses to heterospecific males that they might encounter (D. simulans, D. yakuba. D. pseudoobscura or D. virilis). Focal D. melanogaster males exposed to D. simulans or D. pseudoobscura subsequently increased mating duration, but to a lesser extent than following exposure to conspecific rivals. The magnitude of rivals responses expressed by D. melanogaster males did not align with genetic distance between species and none of the sensory manipulations caused D. melanogaster to respond to males of all other species tested. However, when we removed or provided 'false' sensory cues, D. melanogaster males became more likely to show increased mating duration responses to heterospecific males. We suggest that benefits of avoiding inaccurate assessment of the competitive environment may shape the evolution of recognition cues.
Data from: The role of transcriptomes linked with responses to light environment on seedling mortality in a subtropical forest, China
Differences in seedling survival in trees have a lasting imprint on seedling, juvenile and adult community structure. Identifying the drivers of these differences, therefore, is a critical research objective that ultimately requires knowledge regarding how organismal function interacts with the local environment to influence survival rates. In tree communities, differences in light use strategies are frequently invoked to explain differences in seedling demographic performance through growth and survival trade-offs. For example, shade-tolerant species grow slowly and have higher survival rates, whereas shade-intolerant species grow quickly but have lower survival rates. Thus, functional traits related to photosynthesis should be strong predictors of demographic rates, but results in the literature are mixed indicating that additional or alternative information regarding organismal function should be considered. Here, we provide a community-wide inventory of transcriptomes in a subtropical tree community. This information is utilized to determine the degree to which species share homologous genes related to gene ontologies for light use and harvesting. These species similarities are used in neighbourhood generalized linear mixed-effects models of seedling survival that evaluated seedling survival as a function of the transcriptomic, functional trait and phylogenetic composition of the local neighbourhood. The results show neighbourhood similarity in three of the 15 gene ontologies evaluated are significantly related to survival rates based on neighbourhood composition. For two of these ontologies, survival rates increase when neighbours are similar in their gene tree composition indicating the importance of abiotic filtering and performance hierarchies. Synthesis. The present work takes a novel approach by sequencing the transcriptomes of naturally co-occurring tree species in a subtropical forest in China. The results show that the transcriptomic similarity of species is a significant predictor of differential survival. The study demonstrates that exploring the functional genomic similarity of non-model species in nature has the potential to increase the breadth and depth of our understanding of how gene function influences species co-occurrence and population dynamics in communities.
Data from: Germline DNA methylation in reef corals: patterns and potential roles in response to environmental change
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark that plays an inadequately understood role in gene regulation, particularly in non-model species. Because it can be influenced by the environment, DNA methylation may contribute to the ability of organisms to acclimatize and adapt to environmental change. We evaluated the distribution of gene body methylation in reef-building corals, a group of organisms facing significant environmental threats. Gene body methylation in six species of corals was inferred from in silico transcriptome analysis of CpG O/E, an estimate of germline DNA methylation that is highly correlated with patterns of methylation enrichment. Consistent with what has been documented in most other invertebrates, all corals exhibited bimodal distributions of germline methylation suggestive of distinct fractions of genes with high and low levels of methylation. The hypermethylated fractions were enriched with genes with housekeeping functions, while genes with inducible functions were highly represented in the hypomethylated fractions. High transcript abundance was associated with intermediate levels of methylation. In three of the coral species, we found that genes differentially expressed in response to thermal stress and ocean acidification exhibited significantly lower levels of methylation. These results support a link between gene body hypomethylation and transcriptional plasticity that may point to a role of DNA methylation in the response of corals to environmental change.
Fig. 2 in Identification of TabZIP family members with possible roles in the response to auxin in wheat roots
Fig. 2. Heatmap of auxin-responsive TabZIP genes from RNA-seq.
Fig. 5 in Identification of TabZIP family members with possible roles in the response to auxin in wheat roots
Fig. 5. Relative gene expression of 9 auxin-responsive TabZIP genes based on qPCR analysis.
GLP-1 Therapy: The Role of IL-6 Signaling and Adipose Tissue Remodeling in Metabolic Response
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04387201. IPD Sharing: YES. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Role of Positron Emission Mammography (PEM) Flex Solo II Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scanner in Evaluating Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response in Patients With Breast Cancer
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01012440. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
The Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in Monitoring the Response to Biological Therapy in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05606939. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 0. Publications: 4.
Rapamycin as Treatment for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD): The Role of Biomarkers in Predicting a Response to Therapy
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00920309. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Study on the Role of Treatment With Vitamin E on Asthmatic Responses in Allergic Asthmatics
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00581048. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Assessing the Role of "Statin" Therapy and Perioperative Inflammatory Response in Patients Undergoing Major Orthopedic Surgery
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00656292. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Data from: The role of transcriptomes linked with responses to light environment on seedling mortality in a subtropical forest, China
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Data from: The role of species-specific sensory cues in male responses to mating rivals in Drosophila melanogaster fruitflies
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Data from: The role of bryophytes for tree seedling responses to winter climate change: implications for the stress gradient hypothesis
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Data from: Rapid effects of elevated stress hormones on male courtship signals suggest a major role for the acute stress response in intra- and intersexual selection
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Data from: Germline DNA methylation in reef corals: patterns and potential roles in response to environmental change
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Data from: A new role for carbonic anhydrase 2 in the response of fish to copper and osmotic stress: implications for multi-stressors studies
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The Role of PTHrP in Osteoblast Response to Microgravity: Implications for Osteoporosis Development.
Prolonged skeletal unloading through bedrest results in bone loss similar to that observed in elderly osteoporotic patients but with an accelerated timeframe. This rapid effect on weight-bearing bones is also observed in astronauts who lose up to 2% of their bone mass per month spent in Space. Despite important implications for Spaceflight travellers and bedridden patients on Earth the exact mechanisms involved in disuse osteoporosis have not been elucidated. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) regulates many physiological processes including skeletal development and has been proposed as a gravisensor. To investigate the role of PTHrP in microgravity-induced bone loss trabecular osteoblasts (TOs) from Pthrp+/+ and -/- mice were exposed to simulated microgravity for 6 days. Viability of TOs decreased in inverse proportion to PTHrP expression levels. Microarray analysis of Pthrp+/+ TOs after 6 days at 0g revealed expression changes in genes encoding prolactins,apoptosis and survival molecules bone metabolism and extra-cellular matrix composition proteins chemokines IGF family and Wnt-related signalling molecules. Importantly 88% of 0g-induced expression changes in Pthrp+/+ cells overlap those observed in Pthrp-/- cells in normal gravity. Pulsatile treatment with PTHrP1-36 peptide during microgravity exposure reversed a large proportion of 0g-induced changes in Pthrp+/+ TOs. Our results confirm PTHrP efficacy as an anabolic agent to prevent microgravity-induced cell death in TOs. Total RNA samples extracted from Pthrp+/+and -/- trabecular osteoblasts (TOs) exposed for 6 days to simulated 0g in Synthecon rotating cell or left 6 days in culture at 1g. Cells had either been treated with a pulsatile treatment (2 h/day) of PTHrP1-36 peptide (10-8M) or received a change in growth medium. In total: 8 different conditions with 2 replicates each i.e. Pthrp+/+ TOs at 0g or 1g with or without PTHrP1-36 treatment and Pthrp-/- TOs at 0g or 1 g,with or without PTHrP1-36 treatment.
The cytoplasmic phosphate level has a central regulatory role in the phosphate starvation response of Caulobacter crescentus
GEO Series GSE244776. Caulobacter vibrioides NA1000. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
An epigenomic role of Fe65 in the cellular response to DNA damage.
GEO Series GSE97149. Homo sapiens. 2 samples. Type: Genome binding/occupancy profiling by high throughput sequencing.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.