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FIGURE 3 in Terrestrial Isopods from Spanish Amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): Insights into the Cretaceous Soil Biota
FIGURE 3. Microphotographs of Eoligiiscus tarraconensis, new genus and species, family Ligiidae (holotype, MCNA 9751). A. Detail of antenna in dorsal view; note five peduncular articles pointed with arrowheads. B. Detail of dactylus of left pereopod 1 in ventral view; note small inner claw of dactylus pointed with an arrowhead. Figures made with consecutive photographs taken at successive focal planes. Scale bars: A = 0.1 mm; B = 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Terrestrial Isopods from Spanish Amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): Insights into the Cretaceous Soil Biota
FIGURE 2. Eoligiiscus tarraconensis, new genus and species, family Ligiidae (holotype, MCNA 9751, sex unknown). A. Microphotograph in dorsal habitus. B. Camera lucida drawings of dorsal (top) and ventral (bottom) habitus. C. Microphotograph of head in dorsal view. Figures made with consecutive photographs taken at successive focal planes. Scale bars = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Terrestrial Isopods from Spanish Amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): Insights into the Cretaceous Soil Biota
FIGURE 6. Microphotographs of Autrigoniscus resinicola, new genus and species, family Trichoniscidae (holotype, MCNA 12522, male). A. Lateral habitus. B. Dorsal habitus. C. Ventral habitus. Figures made with consecutive photographs taken at successive focal planes. Scale bar = 1 mm (all panels to the same scale).
FIGURE 9 in Terrestrial Isopods from Spanish Amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): Insights into the Cretaceous Soil Biota
FIGURE 9. Microphotographs of two specimens tentatively assigned to Autrigoniscus resinicola, new genus and species, family Trichoniscidae. A. Specimen MCNA 12678 (presumed male), in ventrolateral habitus. B. Specimen MCNA 12617 (presumed male) in dorsal habitus. C. Specimen MCNA 12617; detail of a posterior pereopod in lateral view showing the modified carpus (black arrow) and simple dactylus (white arrows). D. Specimen MCNA 12617 in ventral habitus. Figures made with consecutive photographs taken at successive focal planes. Scale bars: A–C = 0.5 mm; D = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 5. Morphotype II in Terrestrial Isopods from Spanish Amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): Insights into the Cretaceous Soil Biota
FIGURE 5. Morphotype II, family Ligiidae (MCNA 14274, sex unknown). A. Microphotograph in ventral habitus. B. Camera lucida drawing of uropods. C. Microphotograph in dorsal habitus. Figures A and C made with consecutive photographs taken at successive focal planes. Scale bars: A, C = 1 mm (both panels share the same scale); B = 0.25 mm.
FIGURE 13. Indeterminate Oniscidea specimen MCNA 9924.2, sex unknown. A in Terrestrial Isopods from Spanish Amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): Insights into the Cretaceous Soil Biota
FIGURE 13. Indeterminate Oniscidea specimen MCNA 9924.2, sex unknown. A. Microphotograph in ventrolateral habitus. B. Camera lucida drawing in ventrolateral habitus. Figures made with consecutive photographs taken at successive focal planes. Scale bar = 1 mm (both panels to the same scale)
FIGURE 12 in Terrestrial Isopods from Spanish Amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): Insights into the Cretaceous Soil Biota
FIGURE 12. Microphotographs of indeterminate Oniscidea. A. Specimen MCNA 14907 in dorsal habitus, sex unknown. B. Specimen MCNA 9458 in dorsal habitus, sex unknown. Figures made with consecutive photographs taken at successive focal planes. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 11 in Terrestrial Isopods from Spanish Amber (Crustacea: Oniscidea): Insights into the Cretaceous Soil Biota
FIGURE 11. Detail microphotographs of Heraclitus helenae, new genus and species, family Detonidae? (holotype, MCNA 12546). A. Head and antenna in ventrolateral view; box indicates that section magnified in B. B. Prominent triangular-shaped scales in A, photographed from the other side. C. Uropods in dorsolateral view. Figures made with consecutive photographs taken at successive focal planes. Scale bars: A = 0.2 mm; B, C = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 2. A–C in The genus Eluma in the Iberian Peninsula, with the description of a new terrestrial isopod: Eluma matae sp. nov. (Oniscidea, Armadillidiidae, Eluminae)
Fig. 2. A–C. Eluma caelata (Miers, 1877). A. Habitus, lateral view (INV16000). B. Pereopod 7 male, ischium (JC56). C. Exopod I male (JC56). – D–F. E. tuberculata Cruz, 1991. D. Habitus, lateral view (JC605). E. Pereopod 7 male, ischium (INV16031). F. Exopod I male (INV16013). Scale bars: A, D = 1 mm; B–C, E–F = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 1 in The genus Eluma in the Iberian Peninsula, with the description of a new terrestrial isopod: Eluma matae sp. nov. (Oniscidea, Armadillidiidae, Eluminae)
Fig. 1. Map of location of the Iberian Peninsula and maps with the geographic distribution of the species of Eluma (bibliographical references with red triangle; material studied with blue triangle). A. E. caelata (Miers, 1877). B. E. matae sp. nov. C. E. tuberculata Cruz, 1991.
Fig. 4 in The genus Eluma in the Iberian Peninsula, with the description of a new terrestrial isopod: Eluma matae sp. nov. (Oniscidea, Armadillidiidae, Eluminae)
Fig. 4. Eluma matae sp. nov. A–F, I, K–Q. Paratype, ♂ (INV16006). J. Paratype, ♀ (INV16007). A–F. Scale setae. G. E. caelata (Miers, 1877), ♂ (CCZ-UGR852), scale setae. H. E. tuberculata Cruz, 1991, ♀ (INV16004), scale setae. I. Cephalon and first pereonite, frontal view. J. Antennule.K. Antenna. L. Pereopod 1. M. Pereopod 7. N. Endopod I. O. Exopod I. P. Endopod II. Q. Endopod II.
Fig. 3 in The genus Eluma in the Iberian Peninsula, with the description of a new terrestrial isopod: Eluma matae sp. nov. (Oniscidea, Armadillidiidae, Eluminae)
Fig. 3. Eluma matae sp. nov., paratype, ♂ (INV16006). A. Habitus, side view. B. Cephalon and first pereonite, frontal view. C. First pereonite, side view. D. Pleon, telson and uropods. E. Dorsal tegument and scale-setae. F. Scale-setae, detail. G. Carpus of the pereopod 1. H. Carpus of the pereopod 1, setae. I. Pereopod 7, ischium. J. Tip of endopod I. K. Exopod I. L. Exopod II. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B–D = 0,5 mm; E, F, H = 0.05 mm; G, I–L = 0.1 mm.
Fig. 4 in Arboreal herbivory by a semi-terrestrial South African isopod crustacean, Tylos capensis Krauss (Isopoda: Tylidae), on the bietou bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera (L.) Norlindh
Fig. 4. Logistic curves of the survival of the isopod Tylos capensis (expressed as a percentage) as a functIon of tIme for five dIfferent food treatments: (A) no food (NF); (B) lettuce (L); (C) boneseed leaves (Chrysanthemoides monilifera monilifera) from Jan Marais Nature Reserve (BSM); (D) boneseed leaves (C. monilifera monilifera) from Cape Hangklip (BSH); or (E) bietou bush leaves (Chrysanthemoides monilifera rotundata) from Yzerfontein. The logistic regression lines are plotted through the raw survIval data (shown as unfilled cIrcles) and the estImated mean survIval tImes for 50 and 90 % of each treatment group (LD50 and LD90 respectively) are shown with ± one standard error of the mean.
Figs 1, 2 in Arboreal herbivory by a semi-terrestrial South African isopod crustacean, Tylos capensis Krauss (Isopoda: Tylidae), on the bietou bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera (L.) Norlindh
Figs 1, 2. Photographs at night of senior author D.S. Glazier near rows of bietou bushes Chrysanthemoides monilifera rotundata along walkways near The Promenade of Umhlanga beach, South Africa. These are two of the sites where numerous individuals of the isopod Tylos capensis were observed climbing on bietou bushes. Photographs © E. Kleynhans.
Fig. 3 in Arboreal herbivory by a semi-terrestrial South African isopod crustacean, Tylos capensis Krauss (Isopoda: Tylidae), on the bietou bush, Chrysanthemoides monilifera (L.) Norlindh
Fig. 3. Photograph at night of individuals of the isopod Tylos capensis climbing on stems and leaves of the bietou bush Chrysanthemoides monilifera rotundata along a walkway near The Promenade of Umhlanga beach, South Africa. Note the holes and cut-out margins of some of the leaves indicating feeding activity. Photograph © E. Kleynhans.
History of the terrestrial isopod genus Ligidium in Japan based on phylogeographic analysis
<span>Background</span> <p><span>Phylogeographical approaches explain the genetic diversity of local organisms in the context of their geological and geographic environments. Thus, genetic diversity can be a proxy for geological history. Here we propose a genus of woodland isopod, <em>Ligidium</em>, as a marker of geological history in relation to orogeny and the Quaternary glacial cycle. </span></p> <span>Results</span> <p><span>Mitochondrial analysis of 721 individuals from 97 sites across Japan revealed phylogenetic divergence between the northeastern and southwestern Japan arcs from 7 to 3.5 million years ago. It also showed repeated population expansions in northeastern Japan in response to Quaternary glacial and interglacial cycles. Genome-wide analysis of 83 selected individuals revealed multiple genetic nuclear clusters. The genomic groupings were consistent with the local geographic distribution, indicating that the <em>Ligidium</em> phylogeny reflects its migration history.</span></p> <span>Conclusion</span> <p><em><span>Ligidium</span></em><span> DNA sequence analysis can provide insight into the geological, geographical, and paleoenvironmental history of the studied region.</span></p>
Phylogenomics supports a single origin of terrestriality in Isopods.
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History of the terrestrial isopod genus Ligidium in Japan based on phylogeographic analysis
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Effects of leaf litter traits on terrestrial isopod and millipede consumption, assimilation and growth
<ol> <li>Nutrient cycling through leaf litter consumption is an essential ecological function performed by macrodetritivorous invertebrates such as isopods and millipedes. Leaf litter consumption rates can vary greatly depending on the environment, consumer identity, and litter traits, but generalizations about the effects of plant traits on macrodetritivore leaf litter consumption, assimilation and growth are not well established and mostly indirectly inferred.</li> <li>We conducted a systematic search of the global literature and obtained 456 standardized measures from laboratory experiments of relative consumption (RCR), assimilation (RAR) and growth (RGR) rates of terrestrial isopods and millipedes, extracted from 56 different articles. We investigated if commonly measured leaf traits, plant functional groups, prior microbial conditioning of leaves, and climatic conditions affected these rates. We obtained data on commonly measured leaf traits from the TRY global plant trait database, inferred plant functional groups from taxonomic groupings, and obtained climatic data from information reported within articles.</li> <li>RCR, RAR and RGR varied greatly among macrodetritivore and plant species, but overall, there were no differences between isopods and millipedes. Microbial conditioning of litter greatly increased RCR. Plant functional group was an important predictor of RCR, with eudicot trees and forbs being consumed in greater quantities than magnoliid trees and grasses. Fresh leaf N:P ratio had a positive effect on RAR, and leaf N and C:N ratio had positive and negative effects on RGR respectively, while climatic variables had weak effects on the three rates.</li> <li>Our work shows that plant traits (both those associated with plant functional groups and commonly measured leaf traits) exert strong effects on resource processing rates by terrestrial macrodetritivores. Further, prior microbial conditioning of leaf litter has a large and globally consistent positive effect on macrodetritivore litter consumption, suggesting that they may consume little, if any, freshly senesced leaf material when microbially conditioned litter is available. Our results suggest that, where extremes of temperature or precipitation do not occur, variables reflective of food quality (leaf traits and microbe conditioning) are more important drivers of macrodetritivore leaf litter consumption than are extrinsic climatic variables.</li> </ol>
Figures 25–26. Cylisticus convexus. 25. Habitat. 26 in The terrestrial isopod, Cylisticus convexus (de Geer, 1778), representing a new record family in China (Oniscidea)
Figures 25–26. Cylisticus convexus. 25. Habitat. 26. Living adult.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.