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437 results for “threatened species”
Data from: Using citizen-collected wildlife sightings to predict traffic strike hotspots for threatened species: a case study on the southern cassowary
Assessing the causal factors underpinning the distribution and abundance of wildlife road-induced mortality can be challenging. This is particularly ubiquitous for rare or elusive species, because traffic strikes occur infrequently for these populations and information about localized abundance, distribution, and movements are generally lacking. Here we assessed if citizen-collected sightings data may serve as a low cost and efficient means of gathering long-term animal road-side presence and road crossing information, which could then be used to assess the causative factors and direct mitigation actions aimed at reducing wildlife traffic strike frequency. We explored this principle using two decades of traffic strike records and citizen-collected sightings of the southern cassowary Casuarius casuarius johnsonii. Roads have bisected the cassowaries' rainforest habitat and despite considerable investment into mitigation strategies for this species, road-induced mortality is considered one of the primary threatening processes affecting the population. Using a Bayesian approach and controlling for spatial autocorrelation with conditional autoregressive (CAR) models, we demonstrate that traffic strikes are primarily a density-dependent process in the southern cassowary. That is, traffic strike clusters occurred along stretches of road where cassowaries were most frequently sighted. There were, however, road stretches where traffic strike frequency was greater than predicted by the number of road-side sightings, illustrating when and where density-independent processes increased the mortality potential for a road-crossing cassowary. Synthesis and applications. This is the first time that citizen-collected sightings data have been used to systematically inform upon the abundance and distribution of wildlife traffic strike. The technique not only predicts where incidents are likely to occur but also helps us to understand the factors responsible for strike clustering. While not a replacement for systematic surveys, we highlight citizen-collected sightings data as a low-cost option when assessing contributing factors to vehicle-induced mortality. Accounting for density-dependent and independent processes will ensure the most effective allocation of resources when implementing wildlife traffic strike mitigation.
Data from: The importance of core habitat for a threatened species in changing landscapes
1. Habitat loss, fragmentation and alteration of the landscape matrix are interdependent processes, collectively responsible for most recent species extinctions. Thus, determining the extent to which these landscape processes affect animals is critical for conservation. However, researchers have often assumed that interdependent effects are independently related to animals' responses, underestimating the importance of one or several landscape processes in driving species declines. 2. We demonstrate how to disentangle the interdependent effects of habitat area, fragmentation, and edge context on population size by assessing abundance of a rapidly-declining grassland songbird species (Grasshopper Sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum) in eastern Kansas (USA). We conducted > 7,000 point-count bird surveys at > 2,000 sites over two breeding seasons, then modelled the direct, interactive, and indirect effects of landscape factors on abundance within spatial scales (200-, 400-, 800-, 1600-m radii) relevant to our focal species' dispersal behavior. 3. Sparrow abundance correlated most strongly with landscape structure within 400-m radii, increasing non-linearly with grassland area and decreasing with the proportion of grassland near cropland or woody edges. Sparrows' negative response to cropland edges was mostly an added, indirect consequence of reduced grassland area, whereas sparrows' stronger negative response to woody edges was not attributable to variation in grassland area. Fragmentation and edge context mattered most in landscapes comprising ~ 50–80% grassland. 4. Synthesis and applications. Abundance of a threatened grassland songbird was influenced more by core grassland area (a function of total grassland area, fragmentation, and edge context) than total grassland area per se. Moreover, a local extinction threshold of ~ 50% grassland indicated that small amounts of habitat were unsuitable for our focal species regardless of habitat configuration or matrix type. Local extinction thresholds in response to habitat area provide clear baseline targets for land managers; above those thresholds, configuration and the matrix can be modified to increase abundance of edge-sensitive animals. Conflicting evidence in the literature regarding the importance of fragmentation and matrix features could be partially explained by species-level traits, or methodological issues such as defining landscapes at ecologically-arbitrary spatial scales, assessing landscape quality using species richness, and ignoring interactive and indirect effects.
FIGURES 37–43 in Two new species of Zetzellia Oudemans (Acari: Stigmaeidae) that threaten the concept of genera: disgeneric marriage?
FIGURES 37–43: Zetzellia quasagistemas sp. n. (immatures) 37–38. Larva. 37. dorsum, 38. anogenital region. 39–40. Protonymph. 39. dorsum, 40. anogenital region. 41–42. Deutonymph female. 41. dorsum, 42. anogenital region. 42. Anogenital region of deutonymph male.
FIGURES 23–29 in Two new species of Zetzellia Oudemans (Acari: Stigmaeidae) that threaten the concept of genera: disgeneric marriage?
FIGURES 23–29: Zetzellia quasagistemas sp. n. (female) 23. dorsum, 24. anogenital region, ventral, 25. palp, 26–29. legs I–IV.
FIGURES 1–7 in Two new species of Zetzellia Oudemans (Acari: Stigmaeidae) that threaten the concept of genera: disgeneric marriage?
FIGURES 1–7: Zetzellia agistzellia sp. n. (female) 1. dorsum, 2. anogenital region, ventral, 3. palp, 4–7. legs I–IV.
FIGURES 15–22 in Two new species of Zetzellia Oudemans (Acari: Stigmaeidae) that threaten the concept of genera: disgeneric marriage?
FIGURES 15–22: Zetzellia agistzellia sp. n. dorsum (immatures) 15–16. Larva. 15. dorsum, 16. anogenital region. 17–18. Protonymph. 17. dorsum, 18. anogenital region. 1920. Deutonymph female. 19. dorsum, 20. anogenital region. 21–22. Deutonymph male. 21. dorsum, 22. anogenital region.
FIGURES 30–36 in Two new species of Zetzellia Oudemans (Acari: Stigmaeidae) that threaten the concept of genera: disgeneric marriage?
FIGURES 30–36: Zetzellia quasagistemas sp. n. (male) 30. dorsum, 31. anogenital region, ventral, 32. palp, 33–36. legs I–IV.
FIGURES 8–14 in Two new species of Zetzellia Oudemans (Acari: Stigmaeidae) that threaten the concept of genera: disgeneric marriage?
FIGURES 8–14: Zetzellia agistzellia sp. n. (male) 8. dorsum, 9. anogenital region, ventral, 10. palp, 11–14. legs I–IV.
FIGURE 3 in A new and threatened species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from Queimada Grande Island, southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 3. Waveform (upper) and spectrogram (lower) of two advertisement calls of Scinax peixotoi recorded at 21:30h at Queimada Grande Island, municipality of Itanhaém, São Paulo, Brazil. Air temperature = 23 °C.
FIGURE 1. Scinax peixotoi, CFBH 9437 in A new and threatened species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from Queimada Grande Island, southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 1. Scinax peixotoi, CFBH 9437 (holotype), adult male in life from Queimada Grande Island, Itanhaém, São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. SVL = 20.3 mm. Photo by O. A. V. Marques.
FIGURE 2. Scinax peixotoi CFBH 9437 in A new and threatened species of Scinax (Anura: Hylidae) from Queimada Grande Island, southeastern Brazil
FIGURE 2. Scinax peixotoi CFBH 9437 (holotype). (A) Dorsal and (B) lateral views of head; ventral views of (C) left hand and (D) foot.
FIGURE 22 in Two new relict Syncordulia species found during museum and field studies of threatened dragonflies in the Cape Floristic Region (Odonata: Corduliidae)
FIGURE 22. Distribution of 'gomphomacromiine' Afrotropical Corduliidae. Nesocordulia and Syncordulia species are not indicated separately, but the number of species in each region is provided. Idomacromia species are separated (diamond: I. jillianae Dijkstra & Kisakye; inverted triangle: I. lieftincki Legrand; standing triangle: I. proavita Karsch; star: both I. lieftincki and I. proavita).
FIGURES 17–21 in Two new relict Syncordulia species found during museum and field studies of threatened dragonflies in the Cape Floristic Region (Odonata: Corduliidae)
FIGURES 17–21. Geographical distribution of Syncordulia species in South Africa (17) and the Western Cape (18–21). Legend: solid circles: verified records; dotted circles: observations; crossed circles: unverified records. (17–18) S. gracilis; (19) S. legator n. sp.; (20) S. venator; (21) S. serendipator n. sp.
FIGURES 9–12 in Two new relict Syncordulia species found during museum and field studies of threatened dragonflies in the Cape Floristic Region (Odonata: Corduliidae)
FIGURES 9–12. Syncordulia male appendages in dorsal (left), lateral (right) and ventral (S. serendipator n. sp. only) view. (9) S. gracilis; (10) S. legator n. sp.; (11) S. venator; (12) S. serendipator n. sp.
FIGURES 13–16 in Two new relict Syncordulia species found during museum and field studies of threatened dragonflies in the Cape Floristic Region (Odonata: Corduliidae)
FIGURES 13–16. Syncordulia female abdomen tip in lateral (left) and ventral (right) view. (13) S. gracilis; (14) S. legator n. sp.; (15) S. venator; (16) S. serendipator n. sp.
FIGURES 5–8 in Two new relict Syncordulia species found during museum and field studies of threatened dragonflies in the Cape Floristic Region (Odonata: Corduliidae)
FIGURES 5–8. Syncordulia male secondary genitalia in lateral view. The penis is indicated by dotted lines, as its position is variable. (5) S. gracilis; (6) S. legator n. sp.; (7) S. venator; (8) S. serendipator n. sp.
FIGURES 1–4 in Two new relict Syncordulia species found during museum and field studies of threatened dragonflies in the Cape Floristic Region (Odonata: Corduliidae)
FIGURES 1–4. Syncordulia male abdomen in dorsal (above) and lateral (below) view. (1) S. gracilis; (2) S. legator n. sp.; (3) S. venator; (4) S. serendipator n. sp.
FIGURES 5 in Description of two new species of Avicularia Lamarck 1818 and redescription of Avicularia diversipes (C. L. Koch 1842) (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae) — three possibly threatened Brazilian species
FIGURES 5─8. Avicularia sooretama sp. nov. 5─7 Male holotype, left palpal bulb (MNRJ 18435). 5, prolateral, 6, retrolateral, 7, frontal. 8 Female paratype (MNRJ 12930), spermathecae, dorsal. Scale bar = 1mm.
FIGURE 17 in Description of two new species of Avicularia Lamarck 1818 and redescription of Avicularia diversipes (C. L. Koch 1842) (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae) — three possibly threatened Brazilian species
FIGURE 17. Map showing records of A. diversipes, A. sooretama sp. nov. and A. gamba sp. nov. on northestern and southeastern Brazil. Square = A. diversipes; triangle = A. sooretama sp. nov., star = A. gamba sp. nov. The gray area represents the approximate original distribution of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest.
FIGURES 1 in Description of two new species of Avicularia Lamarck 1818 and redescription of Avicularia diversipes (C. L. Koch 1842) (Araneae, Theraphosidae, Aviculariinae) — three possibly threatened Brazilian species
FIGURES 1─4. Avicularia diversipes. 1─3 Male left palpal bulb (IBSP 119271). 1, prolateral, 2, retrolateral, 3, frontal. 4, Female spermatheca (IBSP 11754) dorsal. Scale bar = 1mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.