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FIGURE 7 in An abelisauroid dinosaur with a non-atrophied manus from the Late Cretaceous Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia

FIGURE 7. Internal structure of metacarpal III of Austrocheirus isasii. High-resolution photograph of the cortical bone and part of the spongy bone on the lateroventral corner of the shaft. The arrows indicate LAGs. Abbreviations: cb, cortical bone; EFS, external fundamental system; hdo, high density of osteons; ldo, low density of osteons; sb, spongy bone; t, trabecula. Scale bar equals 5 mm.

FIGURE 6 in An abelisauroid dinosaur with a non-atrophied manus from the Late Cretaceous Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia

FIGURE 6. Caudal vertebrae of Austrocheirus isasii. Neural arches in posterior (A, D, G), ventral (B, E, H), left lateral (C, F), and right lateral (I) views. Centra in anterior/posterior (J, K) and side (L) views. Abbreviations: mn, median notch; nc, neural canal; ns, neural spine; poz, postzygapophysis. Scale bars equal 2 cm.

FIGURE 4 in An abelisauroid dinosaur with a non-atrophied manus from the Late Cretaceous Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia

FIGURE 4. Distal end of left tibia of Austrocheirus isasii in anterior (A, B), lateral (C), posterior (D), medial (E), proximal (F), and distal (G) views. Abbreviations: asap, anterior surface for the reception of the ascending process of the astragalus; fap, facet for the reception of the ascending process of the astragalus; ldp, lateral distal process; mdp, medial distal process; mvr, median vertical ridge; ob, oblique ridge. Scale bar equals 5 cm.

FIGURE 3 in An abelisauroid dinosaur with a non-atrophied manus from the Late Cretaceous Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia

FIGURE 3. Manual elements of Austrocheirus isasii. Metacarpal III in medial (A), lateral (B), dorsal (C, D), ventral (E), proximal (F), and distal (G) views. Proximal phalanx of digit III in medial (H, I), lateral (J), distal (K), and ventral (L) views. Abbreviations: af, articular facet for metacarpal II; ctf, collateral tendinal fossa; dlp, dorsal ligament pit; ldc, lateral distal condyle; mdc, medial distal condyle; mig, median intercondylar groove; paf, proximal articular facet; pdm, projected dorsal margin. Scale bar equals 2 cm for A–G and 1 cm for H–L.

FIGURE 2 in An abelisauroid dinosaur with a non-atrophied manus from the Late Cretaceous Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia

FIGURE 2. Unique combination of features of Austrocheirus isasii compared with other basal theropods. Metacarpals III in lateral views of Austrocheirus (A), Dilophosaurus (B), and Allosaurus (C); tibiae in distal views of Austrocheirus (D), Berberosaurus (E), Velocisaurus (F), and Masiakasaurus (G); metatarsals III in medial views of Austrocheirus (H) and Masiakasaurus (I); and pedal phalanges in side views of Austrocheirus (J), Elaphrosaurus (K), Velocisaurus (L), and Majungasaurus (M). Note the presence of the following autapomorphies in Austrocheirus: metacarpal III with a posteriorly tapering shaft and a posteriorly diplaced collateral fossa (A–C); pedal phalanges with a dorsal tubercle above the collateral fossa (J–M). Abbreviations: adr, absence of dorsal ridge; ccf, centrally located collateral fossa; ccpl, concave posterolateral margin; cvpl, convex posterolateral margin; dr, dorsal ridge; hs, dorsoventrally homogeneous shaft; lt, large tuber; pdf, proximally displaced collateral fossa; pts, proximally tapering shaft; st, small tuber. Not to scale. (B based on UCMP 37302; C based on Madsen 1976; E based on Allain et al. 2007; F, L based on MUCPv 41; G, I based on Carrano et al. 2002; K based on MB unnumbered; M based on Carrano 2007).

FIGURE 5 in An abelisauroid dinosaur with a non-atrophied manus from the Late Cretaceous Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia

FIGURE 5. Pedal elements of Austrocheirus isasii. Left metatarsal III in medial (A), lateral (B), dorsal (C), ventral (D), proximal (G), and distal (H) views. Metatarsal II in cross-section (E) and ventral (F) views. Several pedal phalanges in side (I–K, M) and distal (L) views. Abbreviations: as, articular surface; ctf, collateral tendinal fossa; dlp, dorsal ligament pit; dr, dorsal ridge; mig, median intercondylar groove; vt, ventral tuber. Scale bars equal 5 cm for A–H and 1 cm for I– M.

FIGURE 1 in An abelisauroid dinosaur with a non-atrophied manus from the Late Cretaceous Pari Aike Formation of southern Patagonia

FIGURE 1. Map of the locality in the Pari Aike Formation that has yielded the holotype of Austrocheirus isasii (modified from Novas et al. 2005). The large black bone indicates the Hoyada Arroyo Seco locality and provenance of Austrocheirus and the small grey bone depicts the provenance of Talenkauen and Orkoraptor.

FIGURE 1 in Late Cretaceous phymosomatids and the true identity of Cidarites granulosus Goldfuss, 1829 (Echinoidea, Phymosomatoida)

FIGURE 1. Camera-lucida drawings of plating style in Phymosoma granulosum (Goldfuss, 1829), based on GZG.STR.018536 from the lower Maastrichtian of Wittenfelde Quarry, Rügen, northeast Germany (see also Fig. 3A–C); A, interambulacral zone; B, ambulacral zone. Scale bar equals 2 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Late Cretaceous phymosomatids and the true identity of Cidarites granulosus Goldfuss, 1829 (Echinoidea, Phymosomatoida)

FIGURE 2. Phymosoma granulosum (Goldfuss, 1829), lectotype (RFWUIP 1335), of early to early late Maastrichtian age, locality unknown; A, oral view; B, ambital view; C, oral detail; D, detail of ambitus. A, B, natural size x 1,6; scale bar in C, D equals 2 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Late Cretaceous phymosomatids and the true identity of Cidarites granulosus Goldfuss, 1829 (Echinoidea, Phymosomatoida)

FIGURE 7. Geographic distribution of Phymosoma granulosum (Goldfuss, 1829) and Phymosoma ravni sp. nov. as currently understood.

FIGURE 4 in Late Cretaceous phymosomatids and the true identity of Cidarites granulosus Goldfuss, 1829 (Echinoidea, Phymosomatoida)

FIGURE 4. Phymosoma ravni sp. nov.; A, GZG.STR.018629, lower Maastrichtian, Promoisel Quarry, Rügen, Germany, test with spines. Phymosoma granulosum (Goldfuss, 1829); B, GZG.STR.018585, lower Maastrichtian, Wittenfelde Quarry, Rügen, Germany, accumulation of spines; C, D, MB.E 6867, lower Maastrichtian (Trigonosemus pulchellus Zone), Promoisel Quarry, Rügen, Germany, lower third of spine and spine in cross-section, respectively. All specimens coated with ammonium chloride prior to photography; natural size (B), x 1.2 (A), x 2 (C) and x 3 (D).

FIGURE 13 in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 13. The solely Claw recovered from Brasilotitan nemophagus in right lateral (A), left lateral (B), and dorsal (C) views. Scale bar equals to 50 mm.

FIGURE 10 in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 10. Sequence of sacral vertebra from Brasilotitan nemophagus in left lateral (A), and dorsal (B) views. Scale bar equals to 50 mm.

FIGURE 9 in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 9. Slices of CT Scan showing the camellate internal structure of the two preserved cervicals, smallest cervical in left lateral view (A), CT slice of the smallest cervical (B), biggest cervical in left lateral view(C), CT slice of the biggest cervical (D). Dashed lines indicate the point of the slice. Scale bar equals to 50mm.

FIGURE 8 in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 8. Posterior cervical from Brasilotitan nemophagus in ventrolateral view. Scale bar equals to 50 mm.

FIGURE 2 in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 2. Right dentary from Brasilotitan nemophagus gen. et sp. nov. in dorsal (A), lateral (B), anterior (C), ventral (D), symphyseal (E) views, detail of the unerupted tooth (F), arrows indicating the carinae. Scale bars equal 50 mm (A–D), 100 mm (E) and 10 mm (F)

FIGURE 1 in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 1. Map of the Bauru Basin, arrow pointing the location of President Prudente city (modified from Fernandes 1998).

FIGURE 4 in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 4. Isolated tooth (MPM 126R) found in association with Brasilotitan nemophagus. Scale bar equals to 10 mm.

FIGURE 5. Anterior cervical vertebrae from Brasilotitan nemophagus, A in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 5. Anterior cervical vertebrae from Brasilotitan nemophagus, A- in left lateral view, notice the antero-posterior elongation of the centrum. A strong curvature of the ventral border is seen in lateral (A), ventral (B), and dorsal (C) views. Scale bar equals to 50 mm.

FIGURE 11 in A new titanosaur sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Brazil

FIGURE 11. Part of the preserved right ischium in medial view. The lines repsepresents the missing portions. Scale bars equals to 50 mm.