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Figs. 1-4 in Andrena (Suandrena) portosanctana COCKERELL, 1922 and A. (Suandrena) maderensis COCKERELL, 1922 - new taxonomical and ecological data for two closely related endemic bee species of the Madeira Archipelago, Portugal

Figs. 1-4: Syntype of Andrena portosanctana (female) deposited in the California Academy of Science, California, San Francisco, USA (CAS TYPE 15373); (1) lateral view; (2) dorsal view; (3) head frontal view; (4) labels; photos: V. Smith.

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Fig. 30 in Andrena (Suandrena) portosanctana COCKERELL, 1922 and A. (Suandrena) maderensis COCKERELL, 1922 - new taxonomical and ecological data for two closely related endemic bee species of the Madeira Archipelago, Portugal

Fig. 30: Morphological differences between females of A. portosanctana (N = 19) and A. maderensis (N = 30): (a) body length; (b) wing length; (c) head length/width index; (d) facial fovea index; (e) clypeal length; (f) labrum process width.

Figs. 15–22. Socotran endemic Georissus species and their habitats. 15–16 – G in The Hydrophiloid beetles of Socotra Island (Coleoptera: Georissidae, Hydrophilidae)

Figs. 15–22. Socotran endemic Georissus species and their habitats. 15–16 – G. maritimus sp. nov. (15 – dorsal view; 16 – lateral view). 17–18 – G. nemo sp. nov. (17 – dorsal view; 18 – lateral view). 19–20 – the sand tongue 3 km NE of Shuab, type locality of G. maritimus sp. nov. (19 – general view of the habitat; 20 – satellite view showing the position of the locality); 21–22 – the stream at Arhar, type locality of G. nemo sp. nov. (21 – general view of the habitat; 22 – satellite view showing the position of the locality).

Figs. 18–21. Endemic insects. 18 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey

Figs. 18–21. Endemic insects. 18 – Pachysmopoda abbreviata (Taschenberg, 1883) (Tettigoniidae), female, Madboh Sinhin plateau, 12.xi.2010; 19 – Julodis clouei Buquet, 1843 (Buprestidae), Noged plain, 10.xi.2010 (Photo J. Hájek); 20 – Mallodon arabicum Buquet, 1843 (Cerambycidae), male, Firmihin plateau, 16.xi.2010; 20 – Acraea neobule socotrana Rebel, 1907 (Nymphalidae), mating pair, Skant, 12.xi.2010.

Figs. 12–13. Endemic flowering plants. 12 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey

Figs. 12–13. Endemic flowering plants. 12 – Croton sulcifructus (Wadi Madar); 13 – Hypericum scopulorum (Skant).

Figs. 16–17. Endemic insects. 16 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey

Figs. 16–17. Endemic insects. 16 – Amitermes socotrensis Harris, 1954 (Termitidae) – chambers inside the ground nest, Madboh Sirhin plateau, 12.xi.2010; 17 – Azuragrion granti (McLachlan, 1903) (Coenagrionidae) – mating pair, Ayhaft, 7-8.xi.2010 (Photo J. Hájek).

Figs. 8–11. Endemic flowering plants. 8 in Socotra Archipelago - a lifeboat in the sea of changes: advancement in Socotran insect biodiversity survey

Figs. 8–11. Endemic flowering plants. 8 – Aerva revoluta (Skant); 9 – Caralluma socotrana (Wadi Ayhaft); 10 – Trichodesma scottii (Skant-Wadi Madar); 11 – Begonia socotrana (Skant).

Figs. 26–30. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952 in Redescription of the Madagascan endemic genus Anoano with a new synonymy (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Figs. 26–30. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952 (♀, Anjahantelo): 26–27 – external female genitalia (26 – intact, 27 – dissected and macerated); 28 – detail of sclerites of the wall of gynatrium; 29 – spermathecal dilation (reconstruction of damaged part by dashed line); 30 – intermediate part and apical receptacle of spermatheca. Lettering: ar – apical receptacle, arc – arcus; dfl – distal flange, ip – intermediate part, lt8–9 – laterotergites VIII–IX, pd – proximal duct of spermatheca, pfl – proximal flange, rs – ring sclerite, sd – spermathecal dilation, so – sclerite surrounding spermathecal orifice, sr – sclerotised rod, t8 – tergite VIII, tr – triangulin; vf8–9 – valvifers VIII–IX, x – segment X. Scales: a – 1 mm (for 26–28), b – 0.5 mm (for 29–30).

Figs. 1–6. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952 in Redescription of the Madagascan endemic genus Anoano with a new synonymy (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Figs. 1–6. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952: 1–4 – head, dorsal view (1 – J, lectotype, Ambovombe; 2 – ♀, paralectotype, Vohibory; 3 – J, Bas Mangoky; 4 – ♀, holotype of A. milloti); 5 – head, lateral view; 6 – meso- and metapleuron (from KMENT 2008). Not to scale.

Figs. 12–16. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952 in Redescription of the Madagascan endemic genus Anoano with a new synonymy (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Figs. 12–16. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952: 12–14 – J, lectotype, Ambovombe (12 – dorsally, 13 – ventrally, 14 – laterally; body length 6.6 mm); 15 – ♀, Anjahantelo (7.3 mm); 16 – ♀, holotype of A. milloti (8.2 mm).

Figs. 17–22. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952 in Redescription of the Madagascan endemic genus Anoano with a new synonymy (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Figs. 17–22. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952, pygophore (17, 19–22 – J, Bas Mangoky; 18 – J, paralectotype, Vohibory): 17–18 – dorsal view of intact pygophore; 19 – dorsal view of dissected pygophore; 20 – ventral view; 21 – posterior view; 22 – lateral view. Lettering: p – paramere. Scale: 0.5 mm.

Figs. 23–25. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952 in Redescription of the Madagascan endemic genus Anoano with a new synonymy (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)

Figs. 23–25. Anoano pronotalis Cachan, 1952, phallus (J, Bas Mangoky): 23 – dorsal view; 24 – lateral view; 25 – ventral view. Lettering: dcp1–2 – dorsal conjuctival processes 1 and 2, ds – ductus seminalis, er – endophallic reservoir, lcp – lateral conjuctival processes, vcp – ventral conjuctival processes, ve – vesica. Scale: 0.5 mm.

Fig. 1 in Structure of the andropodium of the viviparous halfbeak genus Nomorhamphus (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae), endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 1. Andropodium of Nomorhamphus rex, ZFMK 44945, 35.0 mm SL, cleared and double stained. Scale bar = 1 mm. Abbreviations: gp, genital papilla; pt1, first anal pterygiophore; sn, spinae = spines; sp, spiculus; 1–5, anal-fin rays one to five. The elongate genital papilla (gp) covers the anterior part of the first anal-fin ray (1). Anal-fin rays one to five are modified and considered as andropodium. The second anal-fin ray (2) is most strongly modified with a terminal structure, the tridens flexibilis, consisting of a central spiculus (sp) and two lateral spines (sn). The physa is a pouch-shaped structure located between the third (3) and fourth fin ray (4). In the freshly fixed specimen, the andropodium is covered by a fleshy sheath, the cryptoplica.

Fig. 2. A, B in Structure of the andropodium of the viviparous halfbeak genus Nomorhamphus (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae), endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 2. A, B, Andropodium of Nomorhamphus celebensis, ZFMK 49216–49229, 39.4 mm SL. A, cleared and double stained; B, Rendered image. C, D, Andropodium of N. rex, (C) ZFMK 44945, 35.0 mm SL; (D) ZFMK 44944, 41.2 mm SL. C, cleared and double stained; D, rendered image. Scale bar = 1 mm. Arrowheads point to distal part of the second anal-fin ray, the tridens flexibilis.

Fig. 5. A, B in Structure of the andropodium of the viviparous halfbeak genus Nomorhamphus (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae), endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 5. A, B, diagrammatic representation of andropodium of (A) Nomorhamphus megarrhamphus, ZMH 7153, 38.3 mm SL and (B) N. weberi, ZMH 7970, 41.5 mm SL. C, D, rendered image of andropodium of (C) N. megarrhamphus, ZMH 7153, 43.4 mm SL and (D) N. weberi. Scale bar = 1 mm. Bone stippled. Arrowheads point to spiculi of N. megarrhamphus (A) and N. weberi (B) and tips of the third anal-fin ray.

Fig. 6. A, B in Structure of the andropodium of the viviparous halfbeak genus Nomorhamphus (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae), endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 6. A, B, Diagrammatic representation of andropodium of (A) Nomorhamphus rex, ZFMK 44945, 35.0 mm SL and (B) N. kolonodalensis, ZFMK 49103, 40.3 mm SL. C, D, Rendered image of andropodium of (C) N. rex, ZFMK 44944, 41.2 mm SL and (D) N. kolonodalensis. Scale bar = 1 mm. Bone stippled. Arrowheads point (A) to the elongate fourth segment of the second anal-fin ray and to the characteristic, sickle-shaped spiculus of N. rex and (B) to the thin, elongate spiculus of N. kolonodalensis.

Fig. 3. A, B in Structure of the andropodium of the viviparous halfbeak genus Nomorhamphus (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae), endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 3. A, B, diagrammatic representation of andropodium of (A) Nomorhamphus brembachi, ZMH 7616, 50.5 mm SL and (B) N. liemi, ZMH 7157, 36.6 mm SL. C, D, rendered image of andropodium of (C) N. brembachi, MZB 14450, 46.0 mm SL and (D) N. liemi, MZB 14473, 41.1 mm SL. Scale bar = 1 mm. Bone stippled. Arrowheads point (A) to sub-segments of second fin ray of N. brembachi and (B) to "geniculus" of N. liemi.

Fig. 4. A, B in Structure of the andropodium of the viviparous halfbeak genus Nomorhamphus (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Zenarchopteridae), endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 4. A, B, Diagrammatic representation of andropodium of (A) Nomorhamphus ebrardtii, ZFMK 49156–49176, 40.0 mm SL and (B) N. sagittarius, MZB 20443, 35.2 mm SL. C, D, rendered image of andropodium of (C) N. ebrardtii and (D) N. sagittarius, WFB 3129, 39.3 mm SL. Scale bar = 1 mm. Bone stippled. Arrowheads point to spiculi of N. ebrardtii (A) and N. sagittarius (B), which contact the third anal-fin ray and differ in length.

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Fig. 4 in Oryzias Hadiatyae, A New Species Of Ricefish (Atherinomorpha: Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae) Endemic To Lake Masapi, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

Fig. 4. Radiograph of Oryzias hadiatyae. A: Oryzias hadiatyae, MZB 18491, holotype, male, 34.2 mm SL, male; B: ZFMK 41544, paratype, female, 43.2 mm SL.