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21,983 results for “UNITE”
D4.1 - Circular supply/value chains development report - Main variables, initial values, and their units of measure.
<p>This data set was used to develop simulation models of the demonstrators' supply chains and what-if analysis to explore the aspect of centralized and decentralized supply chains scenarios while keeping the aspect of economic and environmental performance in focus.</p>
German Renewable Energy Unit Register
<p>The UnitRegister dataset is a comprehensive compilation of all renewable energy units connected to the grid in Germany. It combines data from two primary sources: the <a href="https://www.marktstammdatenregister.de/MaStR/Datendownload">Marktstammdatenregister</a> published by Germany's Federal Network Agency (BNetzA), and individual publications from the four German Transmission System Operators (TSOs) on their conjoint reporting <a href="https://www.netztransparenz.de/EEG/Anlagenstammdaten">webpage</a>.<br> The dataset encompasses active, decommissioned, and planned units, resulting from the merging and cleaning of these two unit registers. The Marktstammdatenregister dataset is regularly updated and was last downloaded in December 2022. The TSOs' unit register is updated annually around August, with a one-year lag, and the last data extraction took place in 2022, providing information until 2021.<br> While both datasets are similar, the main difference lies in the reporting format. The TSOs report units as bundles of installations under a common payment code (Unit_ID), whereas BNetzA publishes each installation as a separate unit with an individual identification code (BNetzA_Unit_ID). For example, a wind park with multiple turbines is reported as a single unit by the TSOs, whereas BNetzA provides information on each turbine separately.<br> The main dataset, "UnitRegister.csv," is located in the "3Output" folder. It comprises more than 2.4 million units categorized into ten technologies, including Geothermal, Hydropower, Gas_landfill, Gas_mine, Gas_sewage, Biomass, Wind_on, Wind_off, Solar_GM, and Solar_RM. This dataset consists of 13 columns/variables, including "Unit_ID," "BNetzA_EEG_ID," "BNetzA_Unit_ID," "Technology," "Capacity_kW," "Commissioning," "Decommissioning," "State," "PLZ," "Source," "RefYield," "Depth," and "Coast_dist."<br> In addition to the main dataset, this publication provides separate files for different stages of data processing. For example, "UnitRegister_TSOs.csv" and "UnitRegister_BNetzA.csv" offer clean datasets for the TSOs and BNetzA sources individually. The file "UnitRegister_BNetzA_Raw.csv" contains the compiled BNetzA register in its raw form, comprising 82 columns/variables. Detailed information on these variables can be found in the BNetzA user manual, which is included in the "Dokumentation MaStR Gesamtdatenexport" folder within the BNetzA directory.</p> <p>Notes:</p> <p>The dataset has undergone merging and cleaning processes aligned with the research objectives of the Chair of Energy Economics at BTU. It is important to note that these objectives may differ from other research purposes. Specifically, our research focused on analyzing payments associated with renewable energy projects, giving priority to the TSO data. The BNetzA data set was used to supplement the unit stock and fill in data gaps for TSO units whenever possible.<br> Users should exercise caution when selecting the data source that best aligns with their research goals. To assist in this decision-making process, we have included the R-code used for data processing. By downloading the data package and modifying the top-level directory (line 22), users can run the code. However, it is crucial to verify that any updated datasets maintain consistency with the previous file structure (which has not always been the case in the past) and update the file reading sections in the code accordingly.</p> <p>This publication is part of a series of datasets on German Renewable Energy Sources Data, which also includes a <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/8010410">PaymentRegister</a>, a <a href="https://zenodo.org/record/8013071">TariffRegister</a> and the combination of this information to analyze individual bids in renewable auctions. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the datasets and their relationships, we recommend referring to two related publications:<br> • Batz Liñeiro, T. B., Müsgens, F. (2023). "Evaluating the German onshore wind auction programme: An analysis based on individual bids." Energy Policy, 172, 113317. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113317">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113317</a> | <a href="https://ssrn.com/abstract=4130232">Preprint</a></p> <p>• Batz Liñeiro, T., Müsgens, F. (2021). "Evaluating the German PV auction program: The secrets of individual bids revealed." Energy Policy, 159, 112618. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112618">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112618</a> | <a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.07536">Preprint</a></p>
Industry funding of patient organisations in the United Kingdom: A retrospective study of commercial determinants, funding concentration and disease prevalence
<p><strong>Objectives</strong> – To assess the relationship between UK-based patient organisation funding and companies' commercial interests in rare and non-rare diseases in 2020.</p> <p><strong>Design</strong> – Retrospective analysis of the value and volume of payments from pharmaceutical companies to patient organisations in the UK matched with data on the conditions supported by patient organisations and drugs in companies' approved portfolios and research and development pipelines.</p> <p><strong>Setting</strong> – UK.</p> <p><strong>Participants</strong> – 74 pharmaceutical companies making payments to 341 UK-based patient organisations.</p> <p><strong>Main outcome measures</strong> – Alignment between the commercial interests of pharmaceutical companies and the disease area focus of patient organisations; difference in the volume and value of payments to patient organisations broken down by prevalence of conditions; industry funding concentration, measured as the number of companies funding each patient organisations, the share of overall industry funding coming from each contributing company and the share of industry funding of each organisation comprised by the single highest payments.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong> – 1,422 payments were made by 74 companies to 341 patient organisations. Almost all funds (90%) from pharmaceutical companies were directed to patient organisations that are aligned with companies' approved drug portfolios and research and development pipelines. Despite rare diseases affecting less than 5% of the UK population, more than 20% of all payments were directed to patient organisations which target such conditions. Patient organisations focusing on rare diseases relied on payments from fewer companies (p-value = 0.0031) compared to organisations focusing on non-rare diseases.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong> – Companies predominantly funded patient organisations operating in therapeutic areas relevant to companies' portfolio or drug development pipeline. Patient organisations focusing on rare diseases received more funding relative to the number of patients affected by these conditions and relied more heavily on payments from fewer companies compared to organisations targeting non-rare diseases. Increased independence of patient organisations could help avoiding conflicts of interest.</p>
Figures 5–6 in A new vernal species of Hesperapis from the lower Midwestern United States (Hymenoptera: Melitidae)
Figures 5–6. Facial views of Hesperapis (Carinapis) infuscata, new species. 5. Female. 6. Male.
Amphibian imports into the United States from 1999 to 2021
<p>Shared here are data and code to support the manuscript: "Despite Lacey Act regulation, ongoing amphibian trade into the United States threatens salamanders with disease." A project overview is provided in the <a href="https://github.com/ecohealthalliance/amphibian_trade">GitHub repository</a>, but, in brief, this work required the compilation and cleaning of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service's Law Enforcement Management Information System (LEMIS) data in order to generate a complete time course of amphibian imports to the United States from 1999 to 2021. Others pursuing data reuse will most likely be interested in the full, cleaned amphibian import dataset (in CSV format) contained within these project files, which is named <strong>harmonized_amphibian_LEMIS_1999_to_2021.csv</strong>. Information regarding the LEMIS data, including detailed description of the data fields, can be found in <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41597-020-0354-5">Eskew et al. 2020, "United States wildlife and wildlife product imports from 2000–2014"</a>.</p>
Online classified adverts reflect the broader United Kingdom trade in turtles and tortoises rather than drive it.
<p>The accompanying file represents a flat dataset as used in the article: "Online classified adverts reflect the broader United Kingdom trade in turtles and tortoises rather than drive it."</p> <p>Any potentially personal or sensitive information was removed at the collection and processing stages and seller names or IDs (as listed on the original adverts) have been anonymised.<br> </p>
Data for: Population structure of a grassland songbird (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) to inform conservation units
<p>Understanding the patterns and processes driving population structure is crucial for conservation planning. Spatial conservation units (CUs) for one or more species have been defined using similarities in communities, habitats, and resource management concerns. Additionally, CU boundaries can be informed by population genetic structure. Here, we determined the population structure of the Bobolink (<em>Dolichonyx</em> <em>oryzivorus</em>), a migratory grassland bird. Its breeding range spans longitudinally across most of North America in the northern U.S. and southern Canada, and its population has declined by 59% from 1971 to 2014. We sampled blood from Bobolinks at seven breeding sites and used a ddRAD sequencing approach to identify 3236 SNPs for population genetic analyses. Using the Bayesian clustering approach, STRUCTURE, we found low levels of genetic differentiation across the breeding range. F st values ranged from 0.002 to 0.036 among all population pairs, and genetic structure followed an isolation-by-distance model. Despite low levels of genetic differentiation, we found evidence for four genetic groupings— breeding populations in Oregon and British Columbia were distinct from each other as well as from Central and eastern North American breeding populations. Investigating the demographic history of the populations using approximate Bayesian computation, we found evidence that western Bobolink populations are not relict populations but instead were founded during a recent westward range expansion, possibly enabled by agricultural expansion. We identify four genetics-based CUs that may serve as a complementary spatial framework, broader in scale compared to the commonly-used Bird Conservation Regions, for defining and achieving population objectives.</p>
Factors affecting the recovery of Mexican wolves in the Southwest United States
<ol> <li>Recovering and maintaining large carnivore populations is a global conservation challenge that requires better knowledge of the factors affecting their populations, particularly in shared landscapes (i.e., non-protected areas where people occupy and or utilize the land).</li> <li>The Mexican wolf (<em>Canis</em> <em>lupus</em> <em>baileyi</em>) is an endangered wolf subspecies being recovered on shared landscapes in the Southwest United States and Mexico. We used data from the U.S. program to model population growth, evaluate the impact of management removal and illegal killing relative to other demographic factors, and test hypotheses about factors influencing rates of management removal and illegal killing.</li> <li>From 1998–2019, the population growth averaged 12% per year. Rates of natural reproduction, illegal killing, and other mortality remained consistent over the 22 years; while releases, translocations, and management removals varied markedly between two time periods, phase 1: 1998–2007 and phase 2: 2008–2019.</li> <li>The number of wolves removed for conflict management was higher during phase 1 (average ~13 per year, rate = 24.8%) than phase 2 (average of ~5 per year, rate = 5.2%). This decrease in management removal resulted in the wolf population resuming growth after a period of population stagnation. Two factors influenced this decrease, a change in policy regarding removal of wolves (stronger modeling support) and a decrease in the number of captive-reared adult wolves released into the wild (weaker modeling support).</li> <li>Illegal mortality was relatively constant across both phases, but after the decrease in management removal, illegal mortality became the most important factor (relative importance shifted from 28.2% to 50.1%). Illegal mortality was positively correlated with rates of reintroduction and translocation of wolves and negatively correlated with the rate of management removal.</li> <li> <em>Synthesis and applications</em>. Using management removal to reduce human-carnivore conflict can have negative population impacts if not used judiciously. Recovering and maintaining carnivore populations in shared landscapes may require greater tolerance of conflict and more emphasis on effective conflict prevention strategies and compensation programs for affected stakeholders.</li> </ol>
Data and code for: Degradation of floodplain integrity within the contiguous United States
<p class="MsoNormal">Despite the numerous hydrological, geological, and ecological benefits produced by floodplain landscapes, floodplains continue to be degraded by human activities at a much higher rate than other landscape types. This large-scale landscape modification has been widely recognized, yet a comprehensive, national dataset quantifying the degree to which human activities are responsible for this degradation has not previously been evaluated. In this research, we analyze floodplain integrity for the contiguous United States by spatially quantifying the impact of anthropogenic stressors on almost 80,000 floodplain units. This dataset demonstrates the prevalence of human modifications through widely available geospatial datasets, which we use to quantify indicators of floodplain integrity for five essential floodplain functions of flood attenuation, groundwater storage, habitat provision, sediment regulation, and organics and solute regulation. Our results show that floodplain degradation is spatially heterogeneous and that the integrity of nearly 70% of floodplains in the United States is poor. We highlight that quantifying the integrity of spatially explicit floodplain elements can allow for restoration efforts to be targeted to the areas in most desperate need of preservation.</p>
ERA5 Cutout of the Western United States (y.2019)
<p>2019 ERA5 Cutout for Western United States for use in the pypsa-usa workflow</p> <p> </p> <p>Created Using the Atlite tool: Hofmann et al., (2021). atlite: A Lightweight Python Package for Calculating Renewable Power Potentials and Time Series. Journal of Open Source Software, 6(62), 3294, https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.03294</p>
Unit-cell-thick zeolitic imidazolate framework films for membrane application
<p>raw data for the manuscript with title of Unit-cell-thick zeolitic imidazolate framework films for membrane application</p>
Data from: Transmission line data of different fault instances retrieved through Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU)
<p>This study presents a dataset comprising time series data pertaining to different electrical grid scenarios, encompassing both fault-free instances and occurrences of short circuits. The dataset was meticulously created by simulating various fault scenarios using the ePMU DSA tools and Matlab Simulink. To capture these scenarios, a Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) was deployed on a transmission line simulation model. Given the impracticality and potential risks associated with generating actual faults in a real power grid, this approach of simulating faulty scenarios through advanced tools has proven to be a reliable and effective methodology in the field of electrical grid studies. The resulting dataset offers valuable insights into power grid behavior during both normal and faulted conditions, thereby serving as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in the domain of power systems and fault analysis.</p>
Data from: Forest age drives saproxylic beetle biodiversity in the southeastern United States
<p><strong>Data from: Forest age drives saproxylic beetle biodiversity in the southeastern United States </strong></p> <p>Clayton R. Traylor, Michael D. Ulyshen, Joseph V. McHugh</p> <p><em>Biological Conservation </em>285: 110238.</p> <p><a title="Persistent link using digital object identifier" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110238" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><span>https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110238</span></a></p> <p> </p> <p>Abstract from paper:</p> <p>Old forests are valuable for biodiversity conservation because they provide uninterrupted forest cover over time<br>and late-successional habitat, promoting low-mobility and late-successional species. However, forest age may be<br>less important in highly forested landscapes because dispersal limitation is reduced. We investigated how species<br>richness and community composition of saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera) are influenced by forest age and the surrounding<br>landscape in the southeastern United States (Georgia). Forests in this region are highly fragmented and<br>dominated by early-successional stands. We sampled beetles in 20 old forests (mature in 1938) and 20 young<br>forests (originating after 1938), located along a landscape forest cover (LFC) gradient. Old and young forests<br>were structurally similar but tree communities differed along a Quercus (old) to Pinus (young) gradient. Regional<br>diversity of saproxylic beetles was higher in old forests, and high species turnover between forest age groups suggests<br>they both help to maintain regional biodiversity. Two models of local richness had near equal merit: one<br>showed higher richness in old forests regardless of LFC, while the other showed higher richness in old forests at<br>high LFC. Contrary to expectations, neither model supports old forests losing importance in highly forested landscapes.<br>Higher richness in old forests is likely due to temporal stability and late-successional habitat, promoting<br>low-mobility and specialist species. Because the land area of young forests exceeds that of old forests, old forests<br>are disproportionately important for saproxylic biodiversity in the region.</p>
Data from: Beyond the case study: Characterizing natural floodplain heterogeneity in the United States
<p>As river channels move across the valley floor, they create diverse topography including natural levees, cutoff meanders, secondary channels, and floodplain wetlands. These features increase the spatial heterogeneity of the floodplain. Many studies indicate that this heterogeneity strongly influences habitat abundance and diversity, storage of flood waters and excess nitrate or phosphate, and other floodplain functions. However, no one has systematically measured floodplain heterogeneity across multiple rivers and different geographic regions. We measured the heterogeneity of natural floodplains at 14 sites in the continental United States using metrics developed by landscape ecologists. We find that natural floodplains have distinctive heterogeneity signatures that relate to drainage area, the size of the floodplain, and other characteristics. The data included here are the original field data associated with 14 of the field sites, including GPS locations of floodplain transects, floodplain patches, sediment cores, and large wood; and delineated floodplain shapefiles.</p>
Lineage replacement and evolution captured by three years of the United Kingdom Covid Infection Survey
<p>The Office for National Statistics COVID-19 Infection Survey (ONS-CIS) is the largest surveillance study of SARS-CoV-2 positivity in the community and collected data on the United Kingdom (UK) epidemic from April 2020 until March 2023 before being paused. Here, we report on the epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 determined by analysing the sequenced samples collected by the ONS-CIS during this period. We observed a series of sweeps or partial sweeps, with each sweeping lineage having a distinct growth advantage compared to its predecessors. The sweeps also generated an alternating pattern in which most samples had either S-gene target failure (SGTF) or non-SGTF over time. Evolution was characterised by steadily increasing divergence and diversity within lineages but with step increases in divergence associated with each sweeping major lineage. This led to a faster overall rate of evolution when measured at the between-lineage level compared to within-lineages, and fluctuating levels of diversity. These observations highlight the value of viral sequencing integrated into community surveillance studies to monitor the viral epidemiology and evolution of SARS-CoV-2, and potentially other pathogens, particularly in the current phase of the pandemic with routine RT-PCR testing now ended in the community.</p>
Single unit electrophysiology of optogenetically identified dopamine neurons in classical conditioning with probabilistic outcome of reward and punishment
<p>We collected single-unit data (.mat file) from optogenetically identified dopamine neurons in the lateral VTA in mice. These dopamine neurons were recorded while animals performed 4 different variation of classical conditioning tasks with different ratio of probabilistic outcomes of water reward and aversive air puff. In one task, one cue was associated with both water and puff in a probabilistic manner.</p>
Data for: A small survey of introduced African fig fly (Zaprionus indianus) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in orchards of the eastern United States
<p><span>The African fig fly, <em>Zaprionus indianus </em>(Gupta), is a generalist fruit fly that typically breeds in decaying fruits from over 70 plant species. The species<em> </em>has spread globally from its native range in tropical Africa, becoming an invasive pest on ripening figs in Brazil. First reported in the United States in 2005 in Florida, <em>Z. indianus</em> has since been documented as far north as Canada and is hypothesized to recolonize northwards from southern refugia each year. We sampled drosophilid communities over the growing season at two orchards in Virginia from 2020-2022 and 11 orchards along the East Coast during the fall of 2022 to quantify abundance of <em>Z. indianus</em> relative to other drosophilids across locations, seasons, and fruit crops. Massachusetts was the northernmost population, with no <em>Z. indianus</em> detected in Maine and no correlation between latitude and relative abundance. Variation in <em>Z. indianus</em> relative abundance was high between nearby orchards and abundance was higher on peaches relative to apples within orchards. Comparisons of seasonal abundance curves between two Virginia orchards showed similar dynamics across years with individuals first detected around July and becoming absent around December, with peaks in late summer and mid fall. The variation in seasonal and latitudinal abundance<em> </em>shown here highlight a need for broader sampling to accurately characterize the range, spread, and environmental tolerances of <em>Z. indianus</em> in North America. </span></p>
Records of myxomycetes in the eastern and western parts of the United States
<p>This file contains the clean list of myxomycete records found by the authors after an exhaustive record review and that was used in the following two articles : Stephenson SL, Stauffacher RW, Rojas C. 2020. Myxomycetes collected in the eastern United States and patterns of relative biodiversity (published in the journal Mycology) and Stephenson SL, Stauffacher RW, Rojas C. 2023. Myxomycetes collected in the western United States and patterns of relative biodiversity (published in the journal Karstenia). </p>
Strong Physical Contrasts across Two Mid-lithosphere Discontinuities beneath the Northwestern United States: Evidence for Cratonic Mantle Metasomatism
<p>Data files for "Strong Physical Contrasts across Two Mid-lithosphere Discontinuities beneath the Northwestern United States: Evidence for Cratonic Mantle Metasomatism". See ReadMe.txt for details.</p>
Datasets for relationship between family income in the United States and child mortality
<p>Datasets for relationship between family income in the United States and child mortality</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.