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1,648 results for “farm”
Genotype by environment interactions for chronic wasting disease in farmed U.S. white-tailed deer
<p>Despite the implementation of enhanced management practices, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in U.S. white-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus virginianus</em>; hereafter WTD) continues to expand geographically. Herein, we perform the largest genome-wide association analysis (GWAA) to date for CWD (n = 412 CWD-positive; n = 758 CWD-non-detect) using a custom Affymetrix Axiom® single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array (n = 121,010 SNPs), and confirm that differential susceptibility to CWD is a highly heritable (h<sup>2</sup> = 0.611 ± 0.056) polygenic trait in farmed U.S. WTD, but with greater trait complexity than previously appreciated. We also confirm <em>PRNP</em> codon 96 (G96S) as having the largest effects on risk (<em>P</em> ≤ 3.19E-08; Phenotypic Variance Explained ≥ 0.025) across three U.S. regions (Northeast, Midwest, South). However, 20 CWD-positive WTD possessing codon 96SS genotypes were also observed, including one that was lymph node and obex positive. Beyond <em>PRNP</em>, we also detected 23 significant SNPs (<em>P</em>-value ≤ 5E-05) implicating ≥ 24 positional candidate genes; many of which have been directly implicated in Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and prion diseases. Genotype-by-environment (GxE) interaction GWAA revealed a SNP in the lysosomal enzyme gene <em>ARSB</em> as having the most significant regional heterogeneity of effects on CWD (<em>P</em> ≤ 3.20E-06); with increasing copy number of the minor allele increasing susceptibility to CWD in the Northeast and Midwest; but with opposite effects in the South. In addition to <em>ARSB</em>, 38 significant GxE SNPs (<em>P</em>-value ≤ 5E-05) were also detected, thereby implicating ≥ 36 positional candidate genes; the majority of which have also been associated with aspects of Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and prion diseases.</p>
drivers and barriers for urban smarf farming
<p>Psychological research on perceptions on Urban Smart Farming is scarce, especially in a Global South context. To reach wide acceptance and create effective strategies for implementation, we need insights into what makes people hesitate and what would be perceived as motivating factor to engage in community led Urban Smart Farming projects. This article will present the systematic assessment of perceived drivers and barriers for Urban Smart Farming, based on a survey study in three African countries, South Africa, Nigeria, and Zambia. Each country turned out to have a unique pattern of drivers and barriers predicting intentions to engage in urban smart farming. Overall, common drivers have been found to be community wellbeing and opportunities for young people. Common perceived barriers that emerged in our assessment are a lack of trust and knowledge as well as a lack of funding. Demographics have been found to play less of a role in predicting intentions to be involved in Urban Smart Farming projects. We recommend practitioners to assess each region individually to promote innovative farming techniques appropriately. </p>
Environmental and seasonal correlates of capercaillie movement traits in a Swedish wind farm
<p>Animals continuously interact with their environment through behavioural decisions, rendering the appropriate choice of movement speed and directionality an important phenotypic trait. Anthropogenic activities may alter animal behaviour, including movement. A detailed understanding of movement decisions is therefore of great relevance for science and conservation alike. The study of movement decisions in relation to environmental and seasonal cues requires continuous observation of movement behaviour, recently made possible by high-resolution telemetry. We studied movement traits of 13 capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus), a mainly ground-moving forest bird species of conservation interest, over two summer seasons in a Swedish windfarm using high-resolution GPS tracking data (5-minute sampling interval). We filtered and removed unreliable movement steps using accelerometer data and step characteristics. We explored variation in movement speed and directionality in relation to environmental and seasonal covariates using Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMMs). We found evidence for clear daily and seasonal variation in speed and directionality of movement that reflected behavioural adjustments to biological and environmental seasonality. Capercaillie moved slower when more turbines were visible and faster close to turbine access roads. Movement speed and directionality were highest on open bogs, lowest on recent clear-cuts (<5 y.o.) and intermediate in all types of forest. Our results provide novel insights into the seasonal and environmental correlates of capercaillie movement patterns and supplement previous behavioural observations on lekking behaviour and wind turbine avoidance with a more mechanistic understanding.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
: UCE phylogeny
Figure 59 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 59 - S. saussurei larva (USNMENT01126236), SEM images. a Lateral view b ventral view c head, frontolateral view d head, dorsal view e mouthparts f anal setae.
Figure 56 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 56 - S. saussurei worker; head, profile, and dorsal view. Striate-mandibled form (USNMENT01125217) (a, c, e). Smooth-mandibled form (USNMENT01125221) (b, d, f).
Figure 60 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 60 - Distribution map of S. saussurei indicating smooth-mandibled (black triangles) and striate-mandibled (red circles) forms.
Figure 61 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 61 - S. scrobifer worker (USNMENT01125115). a Head b head (detail) (USNMENT01125290) c lateral profile; and d dorsal view.
Figure 62 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 62 - S. scrobifer worker (USNMENT01125273), SEM images. a Head, full-face view b eye c mesosoma, lateral view d metasoma (partial), dorsolateral view.
Figure 58 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 58 - S. saussurei queen and male; head, lateral profile, and dorsal view. Queen (USNMENT01125514) (a, c, e) Male (USNMENT01125515) (b, d, f).
Figure 57 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 57 - S. saussurei worker (USNMENT01126237), SEM images. a Head, full-face view b mandibles c mesosoma, lateral view d metasoma, lateral view e eyes completely covered with white layer, individual ommatidia not visible f eyes with thick white layer, ommatidia visible through small holes in the layer.
Figure 9 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 9 - Sericomyrmex male genitalia. S. amabilis (a–d) S. mayri (e–h) S. opacus (i–l) S. saussurei (m–p). Abdominal sternum IX, ectal view (a, e, i, m) genital capsule, ventral view (b, f, j, n) volsella, mesal view (c, g, k ,o) and penisvalve, mesal view (d, h, l, p). Bs Basimere Te telomere D digitus C cuspis DBP distal basivolsellar process PBP proximal basivolsellar process Vr valvura Vc valviceps.
Figure 7 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 7 - Sericomyrmex worker morphology and terminology. a Head, full-face view b petiole and postpetiole, lateral view; c metasoma, lateral view. Posterior cephalic corner shapes: d acute e rectangular f rounded. Frontal lobe shapes: g trapeziform h rectangular i triangular. Posterior cephalic border shapes: j posterior cephalic border gradually impressed k posterior cephalic border abruptly impressed. Mesosoma morphology: l mesosoma, lateral view m mesosoma, dorsal view. PCC Posterior cephalic corner PCE posterior cephalic emargination Tu tumulus V vertexal impression FrC frontal carina FrL frontal lobe post posterior frontal lobe margin lat lateral frontal lobe margin med medial frontal lobe margin vs postpetiolar ventral sternite LC longitudinal lateral gastral carina DC anteromedial dorsal gastral carina IFC incomplete frontal carina CFC complete frontal carina Fe frontal lobe fenestra APT anterior pronotal tumulus LPT lateral pronotal tubercle LMT lateral mesonotal tubercle PMT posterior mesonotal tubercle.
Figure 8 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 8 - Queen and male morphology. a S. maravalhas queen head, full-face view, preocular carina b S. parvulus queen head, full-face view, supraocular carina; c S. bondari queen head, full-face view, supraocular carina d queen, dorsal view; e male, dorsal view f queen forewing, veins indicated h queen hindwing, veins indicated g male forewing, cells indicated; i male hindwing, cells indicated. PC Preocular carina SC supraocular carinae MML median mesoscutal line No notaulus LPT lateral pronotal tubercle PL parapsidal line A axilla Sc scutum Scl scutellum LAG longitudinal anteromedian groove h hamuli; wing veins (f, h): C costa; Sc+R subcosta+radius M media Cu cubitus M+Cu media-cubitus A anal vein cu-a cubitus-anal Rs radial sector R1 radius; wing cells (g, i): Co costal; R radial Cu cubital 1R1 first radial 1 1R2 first radial 2.
Figure 54 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 54 - S. saramama worker (USNMENT01125262), SEM images. a Head, full-face view b mandibles c metasoma, lateral view d eye.
Figure 6 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 6 - Sericomyrmex morphology, SEM images: integument, mandibles, and eyes. Integument: a, b, c adult worker integument d, e callow worker integument; f male integument. Mandibles: g smooth (S. parvulus worker) MCS median clypeal seta h striate (S. saussurei worker) i faintly striate (S. mayri callow worker). Eyes: j, k eyes without white layer; l partially covered eye (S. parvulus) m completely covered eye, but individual ommatidia still discernible (S. opacus) n eye with thick white layer, ommatidia visible through narrow holes (S. saussurei) o eye completely covered with white layer, individual ommatidia not visible (S. saussurei).
Figure 52 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 52 - S. radioheadi worker (USNMENT00924061), SEM images. a Head, full-face view b mandibles c eye d mesosoma and metasoma, lateral view e mesosoma (detail), lateral view f propodeum and metasoma, anterolateral view.
Figure 50 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 50 - S. parvulus larva (USNMENT01125592), SEM images. a Lateral view b ventral view c head, frontodorsal view d head, lateral view e mouthparts f anal setae.
Figure 51 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 51 - S. radioheadi worker (USNMENT00924059). a Head b lateral profile c dorsal view; and d frontodorsal view of mesonotal tubercles.
Figure 5 from: Ješovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1-109. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.670.11839
Figure 5 - Principal component analysis of reduced data sets, scatter plots. a S. amabilis and S. opacus b S. opacus and S. parvulus c populations of S. mayri d S. maravalhas and S. scrobifer e populations of striate-mandibled S. amabilis vs. smooth-mandibled (SM) S. amabilis f populations of S. opacus g populations of typical S. bondari vs. reduced-hair (RH) S. bondari h populations striate-mandibled S. saussurei vs. smooth-mandibled (SM) S. saussurei.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.