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FIGURE 5 in Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 5. Pseudochthonius koinopoliteia sp. nov. A Male holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of male holotype C Pedipalp femur of male holotype, dorsal view D Carapace of male holotype E Leg I of male holotype F Detail of coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Male holotype genitalia H Left chelicera of male holotype, antiaxial view I Right chela of male holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A); 0.5 mm (B–C, E, I); 0.25 mm (D); 0.1 mm (F); 0.2 mm (G–H).

FIGURE 4 in Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 4. Pseudochthonius diamachi sp. nov. A Três Cobras cave and karst landscape with an overlapped map B Três cobras cave entrance C Três Cobras cave general aspect D Live female holotype E Live female paraype.

FIGURE 3 in Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 3. Pseudochthonius diamachi sp. nov. A Female holotype palp and pedal coxae B Leg IV of female holotype C Pedipalp femur of female holotype, dorsal view D Leg I of female holotype E Carapace of female holotype F Detail of female holotype coxae I and II, showing arrangement of coxal spines G Left Chela of female paratype, antiaxial view H Left Chelicera of female holotype, showing trichobothrial pattern, antiaxial view. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, H); 1.0 mm (B, D); 0.5 mm (C, G); 0.25 mm (E); 0.1 mm (F).

FIGURE 1 in Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 1. Pseudochthonius diamachi sp. nov. SEM images of the paratype A Right chela general aspect, antiaxial view B Basal region of chelal fixed finger C Left chelicera, showing rallum, exterior serrula and lyrifissure, ventral view. D Detail of the hand, showing lyrifussures and trichobothria arrangement E Rallum, showing detailed blades. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B–D); 0.05 mm (E).

FIGURE 10 in Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 10. Ecological impacts to the subterranean habitat A Deforestation near cave entrance B Vegetal coal furnace.

FIGURE 2 in Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 2. SEM images of the new species A P. pali sp. nov. right chelicera of the paratype, dorsal view B P. pali sp. nov. left chelicera of the paratype, ventral view C P. diamachi sp. nov. coxae region of the paratype D P. koinopoliteia sp. nov. right chelicera of the paratype, dorsal view E P. koinopoliteia sp. nov. left chelicera of the paratype, ventral view F P. diamachi sp. nov. detail of coxal spines of the paratype. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A–B); 0.4 mm (C); 0.1 mm (D–E); 0.05 mm (F).

FIGURE 9 in Three new troglobitic species of Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 9. Pseudochthonius pali sp. nov. A Google cave region. Satellite view B Google cave general aspect C Live male holotype D Live female paratype.

FIG. 4 in A New Species of the Genus Adelophrŋne (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Phyzelaphryninae) From the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

FIG. 4.—Maximum likelihood phylogeny illustrating relationships of the genus Adelophrŋne in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. Maximum likelihood bootstrap and Bayesian posterior probabilities values are indicated at nodes. Values of 99% are shown with an asterisk (*) and values below 50% are not shown (-). Branches in red indicate Adelophrŋne nordestina sp. nov. Numbers next to species names are GenBank accession numbers. Clades names follow Fouquet et al. (2012), namely, NAFC, Northern Atlantic Forest Clade; NAMC, Northern Amazonia Clade; and SAFC, Southern Atlantic Forest Clade. Scale indicates the number of substitutions per site. A color version of this figure is available online.

FIG. 3 in A New Species of the Genus Adelophrŋne (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Phyzelaphryninae) From the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

FIG. 3.—Holotype of Adelophrŋne nordestina sp. nov. in life (SVL ¼ 11.6 mm; MUFAL 11771) in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views. A color version of this figure is available online.

FIG. 2 in A New Species of the Genus Adelophrŋne (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Phyzelaphryninae) From the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

FIG. 2.—Ventral views of the hand (A) and foot (B) of a cleared and stained paratype (CHPUFRPE 3007) of Adelophrŋne nordestina sp. nov. A color version of this figure is available online.

FIG. 5 in A New Species of the Genus Adelophrŋne (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Phyzelaphryninae) From the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

FIG. 5.—Paratypes of Adelophrŋne nordestina sp. nov. in life (MUFAL 11767, SVL ¼ 11.5 mm; MUFAL 10851, SVL ¼ 12.5 mm; MUFAL 11770, SVL ¼ 10.5 mm; MUFAL 11769, SVL ¼ 11.5 mm; ZUFMS-AMP13680, SVL ¼ 12.2 mm). Specimens showing dorsal coloration (A–E) and showing ventral coloration (F–J).

FIG. 1 in A New Species of the Genus Adelophrŋne (Anura: Eleutherodactylidae: Phyzelaphryninae) From the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil

FIG. 1.—Adult holotype of Adelophrŋne nordestina sp. nov. (MUFAL 11771). Dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view of head; ventral view of hand (C) and foot (D).

FIGURE 98. PCA Biplot. Principle Component 1 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil

FIGURE 98. PCA Biplot. Principle Component 1 (PC1); principle Component 2 (PC2); main variables: leg I length (Leg I), leg II length (Leg II), head width, pronotum width, number of teeth of the stridulatory file (Stridens), intraocular distance (Intraocular dist.), body length (Body), compound eye length (Comp. eye).

FIGURES 81–82 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil

FIGURES 81–82. Endecous (Endecous) zaum n. sp. (ISLA 104852) proventriculus. (81) row of sclerotized appendices; (82) sclerotized appendix. Abbreviations: mt, median tooth; md, median denticles; lt, lateral tooth; ld, lateral denticles; sl, sclerotized lobe.

FIGURES 72–80 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil

FIGURES 72–80. Endecous (Endecous) zaum n. sp. (ISLA 104854) male general morphology. (72) pronotum in dorsal view; (73) right tegmen in dorsal view, harp highlighted in light blue, mirror highlighted in green, basal field highlighted in pink; (74) head in dorsal view; (75) head in frontal view; (76) head and palpi in lateral view, compound eye highlighted; (77) pronotum and tegmen in lateral view; (78) supra-anal and sub-genital plates in lateral view; (79) sub-genital plate in ventral view; (80) supra-anal plate in dorsal view.

FIGURES 87–92 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil

FIGURES 87–92. Endecous (Endecous) zaum n. sp. right tegmen, dorsal and lateral view. (87) paratype, ISLA 104854; (88) paratype, ISLA 104853; (89) holotype, ISLA 104855; (90) paratype, ISLA104856; (91) paratype, ISLA 104858; (92) paratype, ISLA 104859.

FIGURES 67–71 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil

FIGURES 67–71. Endecous (Endecous) zaum n. sp. (ISLA 104855) phallic complex. (67) dorsal view, (68) ventral view, (69) laterofrontal view, (70) frontal view, (71) lateral view. Abbreviations: A, pseudepiphallic ventral branch (or "A" sclerite); Ps.arm, pseudepiphallic arm; Ps.db, pseudepiphallic dorsal branch; Ps.ib, pseudepiphallic inner bars; R, pseudepiphallic rami (or pseudepiphallic membranous shield); Ps.P, pseudepiphallic paramere; Ect.ap, ectophallic apodeme; Ect.arc, ectophallic arc; Ect.lb, ectophallic lateral bar; Ect.mp, ectophallic median projection; End.sc.a, endophallic sclerite anterior portion; End. sc.d, endophallic sclerite duct; End.sc.p, endophallic sclerite posterior portion.

FIGURES 64–66 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil

FIGURES 64–66. Endecous (Endecous) zin n. sp. habitat. (64) Gruna das Três Cobras cave, external environment, highlighted in red: horizontal progression of the cave, highlighted in yellow: area where E. (E.) zin n. sp. were more commonly found; (65) Gruna das Três Cobras cave, internal environment; (66) adult male of E. (R.) zin n. sp.

FIGURES 83–86 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil

FIGURES 83–86. Endecous (Endecous) zaum n. sp. (ISLA 104854) left legs. (83) leg III, subapical and apical spurs, inner view (84) leg III, subapical and apical spurs, outer view (85) legs I and II, apical spurs, third small spur (α) at the apex of the tibia, outer view (86) legs I and II, apical spurs and tympanum, third small spur (β) at the apex of the tibia inner view.

FIGURES 99–102 in Three new cricket species and a new subgenus of Endecous Saussure, 1878 (Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) from caves in northeastern Brazil

FIGURES 99–102. Box Plots of the following morphometric indices: L1L/PL (99), L2L/PL (100), RTL/PL (101) and CEL/ HL (102). Different colors represent different species: orange, E. infernalis n. sp.; purple, E. zaum n. sp.; blue, E. zin n. sp. Abbreviations: L1L, leg I length; L2L, leg II length; RTL, right tegmen length; CEL; compound eye length; PL, pronotum length; HL, head length.