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FIGURE 11 in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 11. Paralectotypes of Ampharete grubei Malmgren, 1865 (SMNH-Type 5101). Micrographs of methyl blue staining patterns and unstained individuals. A. Complete specimen, dorsal view. B. Anterior end with paleae, branchiae and buccal tentacles, ventral view. C. Last thoracic and both intermediate segments (XVII–XXX) of large specimen (50 mm long) without dorsal cirri on neuropodia, lateral view. D. Posterior end with lateral cirri and long anal papillae, ventral view. E. Last thoracic, intermediate and abdominal segments (XVIII–XXIX) of smaller specimen (37 mm long) with short dorsal cirri on neuropodia, lateral view. A–C: unstained. D, E: Methyl blue staining. Scale bars: A = 2 mm. B, D = 500 µm. C, E = 1 mm.

FIGURE 10 in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 10. Paratypes of Ampharete baltica Eliason, 1955 (GNM Polych. 11103). Micrographs of methyl blue staining patterns and unstained individuals. A. Complete specimen, dorsal view. B. Anterior end with branchiae and paleae, ventral view. C. Posterior end with anal papillae, dorsal view. D. Lateral view of segments XIII–XXI, eggs present in segments X–XXI. E. Last intermediate, and two abdominal segments (XIX–XXI), lateral view. Arrow is pointing towards minute dorsal papilla on pinnule of first abdominal unciniger. A, C: Methyl blue staining. B, D, E: Unstained. Scale bars: A, B = 500 µm. C, D = 250 μm, E = 150 µm.

FIGURE 9 in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 9. Molecular phylogenetic analysis after Maximum Likelihood (ML) method (1000 Bootstraps) based on Tamura-Nei model (Tamura & Nei 1993). Labelling next to the species names indicate the relevant GenBank or BOLD Accession Numbers. The percentage of trees in which the associated taxa clustered together is shown next to the branches. A discrete Gamma distribution was used to model evolutionary rate differences among sites (16 categories (+G, parameter = 0.3814)). The rate variation model allowed for some sites to be evolutionarily invariable ([+I], 67.0521% sites). There were a total of 635 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted in MEGA6 (Tamura et al. 2013).

FIGURE 7. Ampharete cirrata, SEM micrographs. A in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 7. Ampharete cirrata, SEM micrographs. A. Posterior thoracic segments (segments XII-XVI), ventral view, left is anterior. Papillae on thoracic uncinigers become larger toward the abdomen, eventually forming a cirrus. B. Tip of thoracic notopodium with small terminal lobe. C. Detail of bilimbate spinulose notochaeta. D. Segment XII-XIX ventral view, ventral shields up to segment XIV, median ventral groove from segment XV. E. Segments VIII-X, ventral shields in detail. F. Thoracic uncini. G. Intermediate uncini. H. Abdominal uncini. Scale bars: A, E = 200 µm. B = 50 µm. C, F, G = 10 µm. D = 500 µm. H = 5µm.

FIGURE 8 in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 8. Syntype of Ampharete cirrata from the NMNH (USNM 457), Micrographs of methyl blue staining pattern. A. Complete specimen, lateral view. B. Posterior end with anal cirri and pinnules with dorsal cirri, ventral view. Scale bars: A = 1 mm. B = 80 µm.

FIGURE 6. Ampharete cirrata, SEM micrographs. A. Anterior end, ventral view with buccal tentacles. B. Anterior end, frontal view. C. Buccal tentacles from A, enlarged. D. Paleae from B, enlarged. E in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 6. Ampharete cirrata, SEM micrographs. A. Anterior end, ventral view with buccal tentacles. B. Anterior end, frontal view. C. Buccal tentacles from A, enlarged. D. Paleae from B, enlarged. E. Anterior end, dorsal view with one branchia. Arrows are pointing towards nephridial papillae on segment IV. F. Posterior end, terminal view on anal cirri. G. Posterior end, lateral view, with abdominal pinnules with dorsal cirri and anal cirri. Scale bars: A, B, E, G = 200 µm. C, D = 50 µm. F = 100 µm.

FIGURE 5. Ampharete cirrata. A in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 5. Ampharete cirrata. A. Anterior end, dorsal view with dissected branchiae. Arrow is pointing towards nephridial papilla on segment IV. B. Last thoracic, intermediate and first abdominal segments (segments XVII–XX), lateral view. Arrow is pointing towards papilla (glandular pad?) above the neuropodium. C. Differing shapes of abdominal pinnules with cirri, last pinnule (rightmost) always elongated (two-sided arrow indicates length of base of pinnule). D. Thoracic and intermediate uncini. E. Abdominal uncinus. Scale bars: A, B = 200 µm. C = 100 µm. D, E = 10 µm.

FIGURE 3 in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 3. Ampharete acutifrons. Holotype (ZMB Verm. 1575), Micrographs of methyl blue staining pattern. A. Complete specimen, ventral view, with continuous ventral shields from segment I to XIV and median ventral groove from segment XV to posterior end. B. Dorsal view on posterior thorax and abdomen with damaged segments. Arrows point towards eggs, leaving the body wall in intermediate and following three abdominal segments. Note: Abdominal neuropodia without cirri. C. Anterior end, dorsal view with branchiae missing, bases still recognizable. Note: Presence of thick and relatively short paleae and two buccal tentacles. D. Dorsal view on paleae of left body side in detail. Arrow indicates smaller and thinner paleae. E. Posterior end with anal cirri. F. Thoracic notopodia 6-9, dorsal view. G. Last thoracic notopodium with differing diameters of chaetae. H. Detached abdominal uncinus. Scale bars: A, B = 500 µm. C = 400 µm. D, E = 200 µm. F = 100 µm. G = 75 µm, H = 10 µm.

FIGURE 4 in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 4. Ampharete cirrata, Micrographs of methyl blue and ShirlastainA staining patterns. A. Complete specimen, lateral view. B. Posterior end with anal cirri and two pinnules with dorsal cirri, lateral view, ventral side on the right. C. Anterior end, lateral view. Arrow is pointing towards vestigial notopodium on segment III. D. Thoracic notopodium with thick and thin chaetae. E. Dissected notopodium, showing differing diameters of chaetae. A, B, D: Methyl blue staining. C, E: ShirlastainA staining. Scale bars: A = 1 mm. B– E = 200 µm.

FIGURE 2 in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 2. Original drawings from the first description of Amphicteis acutifrons by Grube 1860. 6. Anterior end, ventral view. 6a. Posterior end with anal cirri, ventral view.

FIGURE 1 in From synonym to valid species: Redescriptions of Ampharete acutifrons (Grube, 1860) and A. cirrata Webster & Benedict, 1887, and brief descriptions of A. baltica Eliason, 1955 and A. grubei Malmgren, 1865 (Annelida: Terebellida: Ampharetidae)

FIGURE 1. Map showing locations in the Baltic Sea where specimens of Ampharete cirrata were collected (black circles: specimens collected in 2019; grey squares: specimens collected in 2002, 2003 and 2010).

FIGURE. Known distribution of Petalidium mannheimerae (black dots; ●) based on specimens in Herbs PRE, PRU, and WIND. Also depicted are the distribution ranges of P. parvifolium (A. blue), P. linifolium (B. green), and P. lucens (C. orange). A black star (★) marks the locality (2220AA) of the lectotype of P. parvifolium (Fleck 548 in Herb. Z+ZT, barcode Z-000000924). A black triangle (▲) indicates the locality (2518DA) of the lectotype of P. parvifolium var. angustifolium (Fleck 520 in Herb. Z+ZR, barcode Z-000033079), considered a synonym of P. linifolium. A black square (■) depicts the locality (2219CB) of the lectotype of P. wilmaniae (Wilman Herb. KMG 1647 in Herb. BOL, barcode BOL138557, #BOL 15287), here considered a synonym of P. parvifolium. in Petalidium mannheimerae (Acanthaceae), a new species from Namibia and South Africa, with notes on the taxonomic identity of P. parvifolium

FIGURE. Known distribution of Petalidium mannheimerae (black dots; ●) based on specimens in Herbs PRE, PRU, and WIND. Also depicted are the distribution ranges of P. parvifolium (A. blue), P. linifolium (B. green), and P. lucens (C. orange). A black star (★) marks the locality (2220AA) of the lectotype of P. parvifolium (Fleck 548 in Herb. Z+ZT, barcode Z-000000924). A black triangle (▲) indicates the locality (2518DA) of the lectotype of P. parvifolium var. angustifolium (Fleck 520 in Herb. Z+ZR, barcode Z-000033079), considered a synonym of P. linifolium. A black square (■) depicts the locality (2219CB) of the lectotype of P. wilmaniae (Wilman Herb. KMG 1647 in Herb. BOL, barcode BOL138557, #BOL 15287), here considered a synonym of P. parvifolium.

FIGURE 4 in Two new synonyms of Rhopalopsole basinigra Yang & Yang, 1995 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) with taxonomic notes on Rhopalopsole tianmuana Sivec & Harper, 2008

FIGURE 4. Rhopalopsole tianmuana Sivec & Harper, 2008. (male). a: cleared terminalia, dorsal view; b: cleared terminalia, lateral, dorsal view; c: epiproct before being cleared, dorsal view; d: cleared epiproct, dorsal view; e: cleared epiproct, top view. Figures prepared from one male.

FIGURE 3 in Two new synonyms of Rhopalopsole basinigra Yang & Yang, 1995 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) with taxonomic notes on Rhopalopsole tianmuana Sivec & Harper, 2008

FIGURE 3. Rhopalopsole basinigra Yang & Yang, 1995 (males from Guizhou Province, Zunyi City). a: terminalia, dorsal view; b: terminalia, lateral view; c: epiproct top view, d: epiproct, lateral view; e: epiproct with slightly wider apex, dorsal view; f: epiproct apex and surface of central plate, lateral view; g: epiproct, lateral view. Figures from different males.

FIGURE 2 in Two new synonyms of Rhopalopsole basinigra Yang & Yang, 1995 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) with taxonomic notes on Rhopalopsole tianmuana Sivec & Harper, 2008

FIGURE 2. Rhopalopsole wulingensis Sivec & Shimizu, 2008, syn. nov. (male). a: cleared terminalia, dorsal view (with erect epiproct = top view); b: cleared epiproct, dorsal view; c: cleared epiproct, lateral view; d: cleared epiproct, anterolateral view. Figures from one male.

FIGURE 1 in Two new synonyms of Rhopalopsole basinigra Yang & Yang, 1995 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) with taxonomic notes on Rhopalopsole tianmuana Sivec & Harper, 2008

FIGURE 1. Rhopalopsole trichotoma Yang & Du, 2021, syn. nov. (male from Baishanzu of Zhejiang Province). a: head and pronotum, dorsal view; b: cleared terminalia, dorsal view (with erect epiproct = top view of epiproct); c: cleared terminalia, ventral view; d: cleared terminalia, lateral view; e: cleared epiproct, top view; f: cleared epiproct, anterolateral view; g: cleared epiproct, dorsal view.

FIGURE 1. Lupinus hieronymi C.P in New varieties and synonyms of Lupinus species (Fabaceae, Faboideae) of Northwestern Argentina

FIGURE 1. Lupinus hieronymi C.P.Sm. A. Isotype CORD, sheet A, the plant mounted at the right side (A3) is an isotype. B. Isotype CORD, sheet B. the three inflorescences (B1, B2, B3) are isotypes. C. Dissected flowers and leaflet showing banner obovate (Lillo 8754). D. Plant growing in Salta (Photo Fabbroni) representative specimen Fabbroni 1816 (MCNS). E. Detail of inflorescence. F. Detail of leaflets with expanded hairs in the abaxial face. G. Detail of stem with long erect hairs. H. Microphotograph (100 x) leaflet with long erect hairs (Seisdedos & Planchuelo). I. Photo SEM (50 x) seed hilar region. J. Photo SEM (2500 x) reticulate-foveate seed coat (Photos Perissé & Planchuelo).

FIGURE 3. Lupinus austrorientalis C.P in New varieties and synonyms of Lupinus species (Fabaceae, Faboideae) of Northwestern Argentina

FIGURE 3. Lupinus austrorientalis C.P.Sm. A. Isotype at SI showing the label that says "Leg Pablo Güther, Lorentz, Fl. Arg. 464". B. Dissected flowers with banners wider than long, typical of var. austrorientalis & var. umidicola (Planchuelo 958). C. Dissected flowers showing the orbicular banner of var. jujuyensis (Venturi 8163). D. Plant growing in Salta, representative specimen Fabbroni 1754 (MCNS) (Photo Fabbroni). E. Detail of inflorescence. F. Detail of flower showing the wide banner that covers the calyx. G. Portion of stem with semi-appressed long hairs and dense curly short hairs. H. Photo SEM (100 x) showing adaxial face of leaflet covered with long hairs, typical of var. austrorientalis and var. jujuyensis, this later more dense. I. Photo SEM (100 x) showing adaxial face of leaflet glabrous typical of var. umidicola. J. Fresh seed in a pod showing the cream color tegument and angle mark around the hilar region. K. mature seed with darker seed coat and angle mark around the hilar region (Photos Fabbroni).

FIGURE 4 in New varieties and synonyms of Lupinus species (Fabaceae, Faboideae) of Northwestern Argentina

FIGURE 4. Distribution maps of the treated species. The dots indicate the places where representative specimens were collected. Due to the overlap of places, the number of citations is indicated by province in a north-south sequence. A. Lupinus hieronymi C.P.Sm.: Jujuy 4; Salta, 2; Tucumán, 14; Catamarca 4; La Rioja, 1; Córdoba, 9. B. Lupinus burkartianus C.P.Sm.: Jujuy 14; Salta, 6; Tucumán, 16; Catamarca 4; La Rioja, 2. C. Lupinus austrorientalis C.P.Sm. var. austrorientalis: Jujuy 8; Salta, 3; Catamarca, 5; La Rioja, 1. D. Lupinus austrorientalis var. umidicola (C.P.Sm.) Planchuelo: Jujuy, 2; Salta, 13; Tucumán, 4; Catamarca 7; La Rioja, 3; Córdoba, 6. E. Lupinus austrorientalis var. jujuyensis (C.P.Sm.) Planchuelo: Jujuy, 6; Salta, 3.

FIGURE 2. Lupinus burkartianus C.P in New varieties and synonyms of Lupinus species (Fabaceae, Faboideae) of Northwestern Argentina

FIGURE 2. Lupinus burkartianus C.P.Sm. A. Isotype UC with typical extended inflorescence. B. Isotype L. opertospicus, LIL with inflorescence covered by leaves. C. Diagram of holotype showing the extended inflorescence D. Diagram of holotype L. opertospicus showing the inflorescence covered by the leaves and petioles that are 2 ½–3 times the length of a leaflet. E. Dissected flowers showing banner broad obovate (Planchuelo 986). F. Plant growing in Jujuy, representative specimen Planchuelo 986 (ACOR) (Photo Planchuelo). G. Detail of inflorescence. H. Microphotograph (150 x) of adaxial face of leaflet papillose with a basal portion of a long hair. I. Photo SEM (100 x) showing the adaxial face of leaflet with esparcelly long hairs (Photos Seisdedos & Planchuelo).