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Topological states in superlattices of HgTe class of materials for engineering three-dimensional flat bands
<p>In search of materials with three-dimensional flat band dispersions, using ab-initio computations we investigate how topological phases evolve as a function of hydrostatic pressure and uniaxial strain in two types of superlattices: HgTe/CdTe and HgTe/HgSe. In short-period HgTe/CdTe superlattices, our analysis unveils the presence of isoenergetic nodal lines, which could host strain-induced three-dimensional flat bands at the Fermi level without requiring doping, when fabricated, for instance, as core-shell nanowires. In contrast, HgTe/HgSe short-period superlattices are found to harbor a rich phase diagram with a plethora of topological phases. Notably, the unstrained superlattice realizes an ideal Weyl semimetal with Weyl points situated at the Fermi level. A small-gap topological insulator with multiple band inversions can be obtained by tuning the volume: under compressive uniaxial strain, the material transitions sequentially into a Dirac semimetal to a nodal-line semimetal, and finally into a topological insulator with a single band inversion.</p> <p>The provided repository contains data to reproduce the figures of the corresponding article.</p>
Fig. 2 in Rovno Amber Caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) From Different Localities, With Information About Three New Sites
Fig. 2. Polycentropodids from the new sites: 1 — Holocentropus incertus (Pictet 1856) from Olevsk; 2 — Plectrocnemia sp. from Kuchotskaya Volia; 3–4 — Holocentropus sp. from Rechitsa: 3 — habitus, 4 — genitalia.
Three‐level hybrid modeling for systematic optimization of biocatalytic synthesis: α‐glucosyl glycerol production by enzymatic trans‐glycosylation from sucrose
<p>We provide here the underlying data of the publication "Three‐level hybrid modeling for systematic optimization of biocatalytic synthesis: α‐glucosyl glycerol production by enzymatic trans‐glycosylation from sucrose". Please find the abstract below.</p> <p>Mechanism-based kinetic models are rigorous tools to analyze enzymatic reactions, but their extension to actual conditions of the biocatalytic synthesis can be difficult. Here, we demonstrate (mechanistic-empirical) hybrid modeling for systematic optimization of the sucrose phosphorylase-catalyzed glycosylation of glycerol from sucrose, to synthesize the cosmetic ingredient α-glucosyl glycerol (GG). The empirical model part was developed to capture nonspecific effects of high sucrose concentrations (up to 1.5 M) on microscopic steps of the enzymatic trans-glycosylation mechanism. Based on verified predictions of the enzyme performance under initial rate conditions (Level 1), the hybrid model was expanded by microscopic terms of the reverse reaction to account for the full-time course of GG synthesis (Level 2). Lastly (Level 3), the application of the hybrid model for comprehensive window-of-operation analysis and constrained optimization of the GG production (~250 g/L) was demonstrated. Using two candidate sucrose phosphorylases (from <em>Leuconostoc mesenteroides</em> and <em>Bifidobacterium adolescentis</em>), we reveal the hybrid model as a powerful tool of “process decision making” to guide rational selection of the best-suited enzyme catalyst. Our study exemplifies a closing of the gap between enzyme kinetic models considered for mechanistic research and applicable in technologically relevant reaction conditions; and it highlights the important benefit thus realizable for biocatalytic process development.</p>
Fig. 18 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 18. Map of South Island, New Zealand, showing the known distribution of cave wētā in the genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. A–B. Solid shapes indicate material collected as part of this study; empty circles indicate additional locations of material examined by Richards (1972). B. Shapes represent different subspecies: dark blue circle = Pharmacus cochleatus cochleatus; light blue circle = Pharmacus cochleatus nauclerus subsp. nov.; diamond = Pharmacus cochleatus fiordensis subsp. nov.; triangle = Pharmacus cochleatus rawhiti subsp. nov.
Fig. 17 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 17. Habitat of Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. A. Mount Dick, Eyre Mountains. a. Rock bluffs at 1550 m a.s.l., collection locality of Pharmacus concinnus sp. nov. (MPN CW4472–4475, CW4501–4504, CW4592, CW4593). B. Dunstan, Dunstan Mountains. b. Rock tors at 1670 m a.s.l. collection locality of P. senex sp. nov. (MPN CW4381–4385, CW4402–4405, CW4506–4509). C. Spence Peak, Takitimu Mountains. c. North ridge, 1450 m a.s.l., collection locality of P. perfidus sp. nov. (NMNZ AI.052300, AI.052301; MPN CW4487, CW4489, CW4490, CW4494–4496, CW4498, CW4499, CW4553–4555). D. Skippers Range High Point, South Westland. d–e. Scree and rock bluffs around lake, 1600 m a.s.l., collection locality of P. cochleatus nauclerus subsp. nov. (NMNZ AI.052289, MPN CW4363) and of P. cristatus sp. nov. (NMNZ AI.052292, AI.052293; MPN CW4365, CW4376, CW4484, CW4485, CW4562).
Fig. 16 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 16. Habitat of Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. A. Sealy Range, Mount Cook. a–b. Collection localities of Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. a. Mueller Hut Track, 1500 m a.s.l. (MPN CW3299, CW3300, CW3532–3535). b. Mount Annette, 2200 m a.s.l. (MPN CW3302, CW3303, CW3323). c. Mount Edgar Thomson, Ben Ohau Range, 2350 m a.s.l., collection locality of P. cochleatus cochleatus (Karny, 1935) comb. nov. (MPN CW3278). B. Lochnagar, Richardson Mountains. d. Rock bluffs at 2080 m a.s.l., collection locality of P. cochleatus cochleatus (Karny, 1935) comb. nov. (MPN CW4590). C. Matukituki River West Branch. e–f. Collection localities of P. vallestris sp. nov. e. Valley floor, dry creek bed at 1000 m a.s.l. (MPN CW3430, CW3700). f. French Ridge, 1650 m a.s.l. (MPN CW5145, CW5146, CW5213–5215). g–h. Collection localities of P. cochleatus cochleatus (Karny, 1935) comb. nov. g. French Ridge, 1800 m a.s.l. (MPN CW5207, CW5208). h. Bevan Col, 1850 m a.s.l. (OMNZ IV7927 and MPN CW5178 to 5180). D. The Remarkables, Queenstown. i–j. Collection localities of Pharmacus notabilis sp. nov. i. Remarkables Ski-field Access Road, 1220 m a.s.l. (NMNZ AI.052296). j. The Remarkables North ridge, 1600 m a.s.l. (MPN CW2588 – 2594). k. Lake Alta, 1820 m a.s.l., collection locality of Pharmacus cochleatus rawhiti subsp. nov. (MPN CW5219 – 5221).
Fig. 13 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 13. Adult female terminalia of cave wētā in the genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. Left column: subgenital plate; central and right columns: ovipositor. A–C. Pharmacus senex sp. nov., Old Woman Range (NMNZ AI.052295). D–F. Pharmacus concinnus sp. nov., Symmetry Peaks, Eyre Mountains (NMNZ AI.052299). G–I. Pharmacus perfidus sp. nov., Spence Peak, Takitimu Mountains (NMNZ AI.052301). J–L. Pharmacus vallestris sp. nov., Matukituki River West Branch (NMNZ AI.052303). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 15 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 15. Live Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893 in their natural environments. A–B. Pharmacus senex sp. nov. A. Adult ♂, Dunstan, Dunstan Mountains, 1670 m a.s.l. B. Adult ♂ and ♀. The Obelisk, Old Man Range, 1680 m a.s.l. C. Pharmacus notabilis sp. nov. Adult ♂, Remarkables Ski-field Access Road, Wakatipu, 1200 m a.s.l. D. Pharmacus concinnus sp. nov. Adult ♂, Symmetry Peaks, Eyre Mountains, 1500 m a.s.l. E. Pharmacus perfidus sp. nov. Adult ♀ and ♂, Spence Peak, Takitimu Mountains, 1450 m a.s.l. F. Pharmacus vallestris sp. nov. Adult ♀, French Ridge, Matukituki River West Branch, 1700 m a.s.l. (MPN CW5145).
Fig. 14 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 14. Live Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893 in their natural environments. A–B. Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893.A. Adult ♂, with dark coloration typical of high elevation specimens. Mt Annette, Sealy Range, Mt Cook, 2200 m a.s.l. (MPN CW3302). B. Adult ♂, with coloration typical of low elevation specimens. Mueller Hut Track, Sealy Range, Mt Cook, 1500 m a.s.l. C–D. Pharmacus cochleatus cochleatus (Karny, 1935) comb. nov. C. Adult ♀, with yellow / black chequered coloration that is most typical for the species, parasitized by red mites (Order Trombidiformes). Luna Basin, Major Peak, Wakatipu, 1470 m a.s.l. D. Adult ♂, with dark coloration typical of high elevation specimens. Mt Edgar Thomson, Ben Ōhau Range, 2350 m a.s.l. (MPN CW3278). E. Pharmacus cochleatus rawhiti subsp. nov. Adult ♂, Blue Lake Creek, Garvie Mountains, 1280 m a.s.l. F. Pharmacus cristatus sp. nov. Adult ♀, Skippers Range High Point, South Westland, 1520 m a.s.l.
Fig. 3 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 3. Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. Adult ♂. A–B. Lateral view of terminalia. A. Original drawing by Pictet & de Saussure (1893): Holotype, Mt Cook (MHNG ARTO-24289). B. Mt Annette, Sealy Range, Mt Cook (MPN CW3302). C–E. Dorsal view of terminalia. C. Original drawing by Pictet & de Saussure (1893): holotype, Mt Cook (MHNG ARTO-24289). D. Original drawing by Richards (1972), from unspecified material. E. Mt Annette, Sealy Range, Mt Cook (MPN CW3302). F–G. Detail of ventral spines at apex of left hind tibia. F. Mt Annette, Sealy Range, Mt Cook (MPN CW3302), with two sub-apical spines on inner edge and one on the outer edge as per the species' original description. G. Lake Anna, Mt Franklin, Arthur's Pass (MPN CW3989), with one sub-apical spine on both inner and outer edges, a configuration typical of all Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 7 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 7. Head of Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893, Lake Anna, Mt Franklin, Arthur's Pass. A–B. Adult ♂ (MPN CW3989) C–D. Adult ♀ (MPN CW3988). Scale bar = 2 mm.
Fig. 4 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 4. Side by side comparison of Notoplectron brewsterense (Richards, 1972) comb. nov. and of Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. A–E, H, J. Notoplectron brewsterense (Richards, 1972) comb. nov., Mt Brewster, Haast Pass. A–C. Dorsal, ventral and lateral view of terminalia. Adult ♂ (MPN CW3307). D–E. Subgenital plate. Adult ♀. D. MPN CW3391. E. Original drawing by Aola Richards (1972): holotype (CMNZ 000267). H, J. Dorsal view of hind tibia with enlarged detail. Adult ♀ (MPN CW3391). F–G, I, K. Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. F–G. Subgenital plate. Adult ♀. F. Mt Annette, Sealy Range (MPN CW3303). G. Original drawing by Aola Richards (1972), from unspecified material. I, K. Dorsal view of hind tibia with enlarged detail. Adult ♂. Lake Anna, Mt Franklin, Arthur's Pass (MPN CW3989). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 10 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 10. Adult male terminalia of cave wētā in the genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. Left column: dorsal view; central column: ventral view (subgenital plate); right column: lateral view. A–C. Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893, Mueller Hut Track, Sealy Range, Mt Cook (MPN CW3532). D–F. Pharmacus cochleatus (Karny, 1935) comb. nov. D–E. Humboldt Mountains (MPN CW3698). F. Blue Lake Creek, Garvie Mountains (MPN CW4462). G–I. Pharmacus cristatus sp. nov., Skippers Range High Point, South Westland (NMNZ AI.052292). J–L. Pharmacus notabilis sp. nov., Remarkables Ski-field access road (NMNZ AI.052296). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 2. Gene tree for the eight morphologically identified species of Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893 using Maximum Likelihood analysis of ~850 bp of mtDNA (COI) from 60 specimens ofPharmacus.
Fig. 1. A in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 1. A. Genetic relationships of cave wētā support monophyly of the genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. Gene tree from mtDNA sequences (~1500 bp of COI) using Maximum Likelihood with 1000 bootstraps and Macropathus filifer Walker, 1869 to root the tree. B. Map of South Island of New Zealand, showing locations of Pharmacus specimens used in phylogenetic analyses (Figs 1A, 2). Colours correspond to different species. Two letter codes indicate the New Zealand entomological regions (Crosby et al. 1998). These codes are reported in the Material examined section for each species.
Fig. 11 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 11. Adult male terminalia of cave wētā in the genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. Left column: dorsal view; central column: ventral view (subgenital plate); right column: lateral view. A–C. Pharmacus senex sp. nov., The Obelisk, Old Man Range (NMNZ AI.052294). D–F. Pharmacus concinnus sp. nov., Symmetry Peaks, Eyre Mountains (NMNZ AI.052298). G–I. Pharmacus perfidus sp. nov., Spence Peak, Takitimu Mountains (NMNZ AI.052300). J–L. Pharmacus vallestris sp. nov., Matukituki River West Branch (NMNZ AI.052302). Scale bars = 1 mm.
Fig. 9 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 9. Left hind tibia of adult ♂ cave wētā in the genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893, dorsal view. A. Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893, Lake Anna, Mt Franklin, Arthur's Pass (MPN CW3989). B. Pharmacus cochleatus cochleatus (Karny, 1935) comb. nov., Gertrude Saddle, Darran Mountains (MPN CW3413). C. Pharmacus cochleatus rawhiti subsp. nov., Mt Tūwhakarōria, Hector Mountains (MPN CW4431). D. Pharmacus cristatus sp. nov., Skippers Range, South Westland (NMNZ AI.052292). E. Pharmacus notabilis sp. nov., Remarkables ski-field access road (NMNZ AI.052296). F. Pharmacus senex sp. nov., Obelisk, Old Man Range (NMNZ AI.052294). G. Pharmacus concinnus sp. nov., Eyre Peak, Eyre Mountains (MPN CW4480). H. Pharmacus perfidus sp. nov., Spence Peak, Takitimu Mountains (NMNZ AI.052300). I. Pharmacus vallestris sp. nov., Matukituki River West Branch (MPN CW3700). Scale bar = 5 mm.
Fig. 5 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 5. Pharmacus cochleatus (Karny, 1935) comb. nov. A–D. Adult ♂. Dorsal view of terminalia. A. Holotype, from unknown location (MNHN EO-ENSIF4926). B. Paratype, from unknown location (MNHN EO-ENSIF4928). C. Original drawing by Aola Richards (1972): Pharmacus chapmanae Richards, 1972 holotype. Bevan Col, Matukituki Valley (OMNZ IV7927; prev. OMNZ A70:6). D. Mt Edgar Thomson, Ben Ohau Range (MPN CW3278). E–F. Adult ♀. Ventral view of terminalia (subgenital plate). E. Original drawing by Aola Richards (1972): Pharmacus chapmanae Richards, 1972 allotype. Bevan Col, Matukituki Valley (OMNZ IV7924; prev. OMNZ A70:8). F. Mt Brewster, Haast Pass (MPN CW3325). Scale bar = 2 mm. Images A and B courtesy of Marion Depraetere, MNHN, reproduced under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence.
Fig. 8 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 8. Dorsal views of adult ♂ cave wētā in the genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893. Notice loss of natural pigmentation of pale body parts due to preservation in ethanol. A–B. Pharmacus montanus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893 A. Mt Annette, Sealy Range, Mt Cook (MPN CW3302). B. Lake Anna, Mt Franklin, Arthur's Pass (MPN CW3989). C. Pharmacus senex sp. nov., Old Woman Range, Central Otago (MPN CW4387). D. Pharmacus cochleatus cochleatus (Karny, 1935) comb. nov., Topheavy, Mt Brewster, Haast Pass (MPN CW3324). E. Pharmacus cochleatus rawhiti subsp. nov., Mt Tūwhakarōria, Hector Mountains (NMNZ AI.052290). F. Pharmacus cristatus sp. nov., Skippers Range, South Westland (MPN CW4562). G. Pharmacus vallestris sp. nov., Matukituki River West Branch (MPN CW3700). H. Pharmacus notabilis sp. nov., Remarkables ski-field access road (NMNZ AI.052296). I. Pharmacus concinnus sp. nov., Eyre Peak, Eyre Mountains (MPN CW4482). J. Pharmacus perfidus sp. nov., Spence Peak, Takitimu Mountains (MPN CW4494). Scale bar = 10 mm.
Fig. 6 in High alpine sorcerers: revision of the cave wētā genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae: Macropathinae), with the description of six new species and three new subspecies
Fig. 6. Known distribution of cave wētā in the genus Pharmacus Pictet & de Saussure, 1893 in the south of the South Island, New Zealand.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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