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FIGURE 2. Bryoerythrophyllum subcaespitosum. A. Perichaetial leaf. B in Bryoerythrophyllum subcaespitosum (Pottiaceae), a new combination for a neglected species from South America
FIGURE 2. Bryoerythrophyllum subcaespitosum. A. Perichaetial leaf. B. Cross-section of the leaf. C. Upper laminal cells. D. Basal laminal cells. (Cano et al. 5149, MUB).
FIGURE 1. Bryoerythrophyllum subcaespitosum. A. Habit, dry. B–D. Leaves. E. Perichaetial leaf. F. Leaf apex. G. Basal laminal cells. H. Perichaetial leaf margin. I. Upper laminal cells. J–M in Bryoerythrophyllum subcaespitosum (Pottiaceae), a new combination for a neglected species from South America
FIGURE 1. Bryoerythrophyllum subcaespitosum. A. Habit, dry. B–D. Leaves. E. Perichaetial leaf. F. Leaf apex. G. Basal laminal cells. H. Perichaetial leaf margin. I. Upper laminal cells. J–M. Cross-sections of the leaf. N. Peristome. O. Cross-section of stem. Scale bars: A = 0.1 cm. B–E = 0.2 mm. F, H, N = 50 µm. G = 60 µm. I = 20 µm. J, K, L, M = 40 µm. O = 25 µm. A–C, F, G, I–M, O from Cano et al. 5149, MUB; D, E, H, N from Lindig 2008, BM.
FIGURES 36–42 in Miridiba hani Gao, a new species from Hainan, China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Melolonthinae: Rhizotrogini), with a new combination from Vietnam
FIGURES 36–42. Miridiba longiuscula (Moser, 1909), new combination (syntype). 36, habitus, dorsal view; 37, habitus, lat- eral view. 38, head and pronotum in dorsal view; 39, male genitalia in lateral view; 40, male genitalia in dorsal view; 41, para- meres in dorsal view; 42, parameres in ventral view. Abbreviations: db, dorsal branches; lsb, lower short branch; m, membrane; pb, phallobase; pm, parameres; s, setae; usb, upper short branch; vb, ventral branches. Scale bar: 5.0 mm for Figs. 36, 37; 1.0 mm for Figs. 38–42.
FIGURES 3–16 in Miridiba hani Gao, a new species from Hainan, China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Melolonthinae: Rhizotrogini), with a new combination from Vietnam
FIGURES 3–16. Holotype of Miridiba hani Gao, new species, head (3, 4), mouth parts (5–8), thorax (9–11) and legs (12–16). 3, antennae; 4, frons; 5, labrum; 6a, left maxilla; 6b, right maxilla; 7, mentum in ventral view; 8a, left mandible of outer side; 8b, left mandible of top side; 8c, left mandible of inner side; 8d, right mandible of inner side; 8e, left mandible of ventral side; 9, pronotum; 10, metepisternum; 11, scutellum; 12, metafemora; 13, protibia; 14a, metatibia of outer side; 14b, metatibia in lateral view; 15, mesotarsi; 16, metaclaws. Abbreviations: c, cardo; di, dorsointernal margin; dl, dorsolateral margin; g, galea; il, incisor lobe; l, lacinia; ml, molar lobe; n, notch; p, maxillary palpi; s, stipe. Scale bar: 0.1 mm for Fig. 16; 0.5 mm for Figs. 3, 5–8; 1.0 mm for Figs. 4, 9–15.
FIGURES 1–2 in Miridiba hani Gao, a new species from Hainan, China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Melolonthinae: Rhizotrogini), with a new combination from Vietnam
FIGURES 1–2. Holotype of Miridiba hani Gao, new species. 1, habitus, dorsal view; 2, habitus, lateral view. Abbreviations: es, epipleural setae. Scale bar: 5.0 mm.
FIGURES 17–25 in Miridiba hani Gao, a new species from Hainan, China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Melolonthinae: Rhizotrogini), with a new combination from Vietnam
FIGURES 17–25. Holotype (17–24) and allotype (25) of Miridiba hani Gao, new speceis. 17, sternites 5 and 6 in ventral view; 18, pygidium in lateral view; 19, pygidium in dorsal view; 20, male genitalia in lateral view; 21, male genitalia in ventral view; 22, parameres in dorsal view; 23, parameres in ventral view; 24, endophallus in dorsal view; 25a, female genitalia; 25b, genital chamber. Abbreviations: ac, accessory gland; bc, bursa copulatrix; db, dorsal branches; el, epithelium; ep, endophallus; gc, genital chamber; mo, median oviduct; p, peduncle; pb, phallobase; pm, parameres; s, spermatheca; sg, spermatheca gland; sp, spine; t, temones; vb, ventral branches; vt, vestigial tergites. Scale bar: 1.0 mm for Figs. 17–21, 24, 25; 0.5 mm for Figs. 22, 23.
FIGURES 26–35 in Miridiba hani Gao, a new species from Hainan, China (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Melolonthinae: Rhizotrogini), with a new combination from Vietnam
FIGURES 26–35. Miridiba scutata (Reitter, 1902) (26–30) and Miridiba schoolmeesteri Keith, 2010 (31–35). 26, 31, antennae; 27, 32, head and pronotum; 28, 29, mentum; 29, 34, scutellum; 30a, 35a, metatibia in ventral view, 30b, 35b, metatibia in lateral view. Abbreviations: di, dorsointernal margin; dl, dorsolateral margin; n, notch. Scale bar: 0.5 mm for Figs. 26, 28, 31, 33; 1.0 mm for Figs. 27, 29, 30, 32, 34, 35.
FIGURE 3 in Four new taxa of Ilyonectria and Thelonectria (Nectriaceae) revealed by morphology and combined ITS and -tubulin sequence data
FIGURE 3. One of thirty-six equally most parsimonious trees inferred from combined ITS and β-tubulin partial sequences. Abbreviations: Neo. = Neonectria, I. = Ilyonectria, T. = Thelonectria, N. = Nectria. Tree length = 1169, CI = 0.6296, HI = 0.3704, CI excluding uninformative characters = 0.5856, HI excluding uninformative characters = 0.4144, RI = 0.8426, Rescaled consistency index = 0.5305. Bootstrap values ≥50% from 1000 replicates are noted above internodes. Asterisks indicate sequences of ITS and β- tubulin gene were from different strains as shown in TABLE 1.
FIGURE 2 in Four new taxa of Ilyonectria and Thelonectria (Nectriaceae) revealed by morphology and combined ITS and -tubulin sequence data
FIGURE 2. Thelonectria yunnanica (holotype). A. Median section of an ascoma; B. Structure of lateral perithecial wall; C. Colony on PDA; D−F. Macroconidia; G, H. Conidiophores and microconidia; I. Asci with ascospores.
FIGURE 1 in Four new taxa of Ilyonectria and Thelonectria (Nectriaceae) revealed by morphology and combined ITS and -tubulin sequence data
FIGURE 1. Thelonectria beijingensis (holotype). A. Median section of an ascoma; B. Colony on PDA; C. Conidiophores and macroconidia; D Asci with ascospores; E. Microconidia; F, G. Macroconidia.
Isotope analysis combined with DNA barcoding provide new insights into the dietary niche of khulan in the Mongolian Gobi
<p><span>With increasing livestock numbers, competition and avoidance are increasingly shaping resource availability for wild ungulates. Shifts in the dietary niche of wild ungulates are likely and can be expected to negatively affect their fitness. The Mongolian Gobi constitutes the largest remaining refuge for several threatened ungulates, but unprecedentedly high livestock numbers are sparking growing concerns over rangeland health and impacts on threatened ungulates like the Asiatic wild ass (khulan).</span></p> <p><span>Previous stable isotope analysis of khulan tail hair from the Dzungarian Gobi suggested that they graze in summer but switch to a poorer mixed C3 grass / C4 shrub diet in winter, most likely in reaction to local herders and their livestock. Here we attempt to validate these findings with a different methodology, DNA metabarcoding. Further, we extend the scope of the original study to the South Gobi Region, where we expect higher proportions of low-quality browse in the khulan winter diet due to a higher human and livestock presence.</span></p> <p><span>Barcoding confirmed the assumptions behind the seasonal diet change observed in the Dzungarian Gobi isotope data, and new isotope analysis revealed a strong seasonal pattern and higher C4 plant intake in the South Gobi Region, in line with our expectations. However, DNA barcoding revealed C4 domination of winter diet was due to C4 grasses (rather than shrubs) for the South Gobi Region. Slight climatic differences result in regional shifts in the occurrence of C3 and C4 grasses and shrubs, which do not allow for an isotopic separation along the grazer-browser continuum over the entire Gobi. </span></p> <p><span>Our findings do not allow us to confirm human impacts upon dietary preferences in khulan as we lack seasonal samples from the South Gobi Region. However, these data provide novel insight into khulan diet, raise new questions about plant availability versus preference, and provide a cautionary tale about indirect analysis methods if used in isolation or extrapolated to the landscape level. Good concordance between relative read abundance of C4 genera from barcoding and proportion of C4 plants from isotope analysis adds to a growing body of evidence that barcoding is a promising quantitative tool to understand resource partitioning in ungulates.</span></p>
FIGURE 2 in Two lectotypifications and a new combination in Calendula (Asteraceae) for Flora Iberica
FIGURE 2. Additional labels attached to the lectotype (P00680154) of Calendula suffruticosa subsp. tomentosa (Ball) Murb. A. Manuscript including a draft of the diagnosis used for the publication of Calendula tomentosa by Desfontaines (his own handwriting); B. Indication of the collecting locality (handwriting of Brousssonet); C. Back of the label A. [reproduced with permission of the Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (MNHN), Paris Herbarium (P)].
FIGURE 1 in Two lectotypifications and a new combination in Calendula (Asteraceae) for Flora Iberica
FIGURE 1. Lectotype of Calendula suffruticosa subsp. tomentosa (Ball) Murb., based on the material used by Desfontaines to describe Calendula tomentosa Desf. in his Flora Atlantica (1799), deposited at P-Desf. (P00680154) [reproduced with permission of the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Paris Herbarium (P)].
FIGURE 5 in New combinations in Asiatic Oxybasis (Amaranthaceae s.l.): evidence from morphological, carpological and molecular data
FIGURE 5. ML phylogenetic tree of ITS1 nucleotide sequences from Oxybasis sp., Chenopodiastrum murale, C. hybridum and C. coronopus. Bootstrap consensus tree built by Maximum Likelihood method. Bootstrap values higher than 70% are shown.
FIGURE 2 in New combinations in Asiatic Oxybasis (Amaranthaceae s.l.): evidence from morphological, carpological and molecular data
FIGURE 2. The distribution of Oxybasis micrantha (dots) based on the specimens seen, and O. gubanovii (triangles) based on Sukhorukov (1999, 2002) as well as additional Chinese specimens seen.
FIGURE 4. Parsimony cladogram inferred from ITS1 in New combinations in Asiatic Oxybasis (Amaranthaceae s.l.): evidence from morphological, carpological and molecular data
FIGURE 4. Parsimony cladogram inferred from ITS1 nucleotide sequences from Oxybasis sp., Chenopodiastrum murale, C. hybridum and C. coronopus. Bootstrap consensus tree built by Maximum Parsimony method. Bootstrap values higher than 70% are shown. The tree was rooted with Polygonum aviculare.
FIGURE 3. A–C in New combinations in Asiatic Oxybasis (Amaranthaceae s.l.): evidence from morphological, carpological and molecular data
FIGURE 3. A–C: Pericarp surface under SEM after soaking and critical point drying. D–H: Seedcoat ultrasculpture. A: Oxybasis rubra (Russia, Tula, no date, Tsinger & Kozhevnikov 613; MW); B: O. micrantha (China, Peiping, Prince Park, 1934, Kung 3771; PE- 00540057); C: O. gubanovii (Mongolia, Altai, vallis fl. Bulgan, 12 August 1982, Gubanov 5577; MW); D: O. rubra (Russia, Tula, no date, Tsinger & Kozhevnikov 613; MW); E: O. micrantha (China, Jinghe, Tuotuo, 31 August 1957, Guan 4782 (XJBI-00005764); F– G: O. gubanovii (Mongolia, Altay, August 2002, Ebel & Rudaya, no voucher); H: O. urbica (Russia, Kalmykia, Chernozemelsk distr., October 1996, Neronov s.n.; MW).
FIGURES 27–29 in The Nymph and Additional Imaginal Description of Epeorus melli new combination from China (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae)
FIGURES 27–29. Epeorus melli (Ulmer, 1925). Male imago (photo): 27, body (abdominal terminal part excluded, showing body color pattern); 28, mid- and hind legs (showing the tarsal length); 29, genitalia (dorsal view).
FIGURES 25–26 in The Nymph and Additional Imaginal Description of Epeorus melli new combination from China (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae)
FIGURES 25–26. Epeorus melli (Ulmer, 1925). Male nymph (photo): 25, dorsal view; 26, ventral view (showing gill disc pattern).
FIGURES 20–24 in The Nymph and Additional Imaginal Description of Epeorus melli new combination from China (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae)
FIGURES 20–24. Epeorus melli (Ulmer, 1925). Male imago: 20, forewing; 21, hindwing; 22, genitalia (ventral view); 23. penes (dorsum on left and venter on right); Female imago: 24, sterna 7–9.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.