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2,395 results for “Contrast”
Chapter 3. Contrasting methane, sulfide, and nitrogen loading regimes in bioreactors shape microbial communities originating from methane-rich coastal sediment of the Stockholm Archipelago
<p>Supplementary Tables 1 to 7.</p> <p> </p>
Contrasting evolution patterns of thermokarst lake and its potential driver on the Qinghai Tibetan Plateau
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset for AR article: New particle formation dynamics in the central Andes: contrasting urban and mountaintop environments
<p>Dataset for Article New particle formation dynamics in the central Andes:<br>contrasting urban and mountaintop environments (Aliaga et al. 2024; Aerosol research)</p> <p>It contains four key data files with clustered model output and measurement data from FLEXPART simulations and in situ observations. Details on each file are provided below:</p> <p>1. flx_clust20_alto.nc</p> <p> - Description: Contains clustered output from FLEXPART simulations at EAC site .</p> <p><br>2. flx_clust20_chc.nc</p> <p> - Description: Stores the clustered output from FLEXPART simulations at the CHC site.</p> <p><br>3. particle_number_size_dist.nc</p> <p> - Description: Provides particle number concentrations measured at CHC and EAC sites, utilizing instruments NAIS and DMPS.</p> <p><br>4. hourly_data.nc</p> <p> - Description: dataset with all relevant parameters, including meteorological variables, cloud fraction, chemical composition, and particle concentration across various sizes.</p> <p> </p>
Atlantic cod recovery from the Allee effect zone: contrasting ecological and evolutionary rescue
<p>The ability of a population to recover from disturbances is fundamental for its persistence. Impaired population recovery might be associated with a demographic Allee effect. Immigration from adjacent populations could accelerate the recovery not only by promoting population growth beyond the Allee effect threshold but also by bringing in advantageous genotypes. We explore the nature and role of ecological and evolutionary rescue in an Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) population fished below its Allee effect threshold. We utilize an eco-evolutionary model and simulate scenarios, where the target population evolves in response to selective fishing and sample immigrants from i) a source population similarly adapted to fishing (post-fishing genotypes) or ii) an unexploited source population with natural genetic and phenotypic diversity (pre-fishing genotypes). Immigration of pre-fishing genotypes enhances the recovery due to the larger body sizes and the flow of associated genes. Post-fishing immigrants can promote the population abundance recovery, but they slow down evolutionary recovery from fishing-induced selection and increase uncertainty about recovery times. Our results stress the importance of maintaining genetic and phenotypic diversity and suggest that marine protected areas can serve as an important source of immigrants to promote both the demographic and evolutionary recovery of exploited populations.</p>
Data from: Contrasting effects of spatial heterogeneity and environmental stochasticity on population dynamics of a perennial wildflower
Understanding how variation in growth, survival and reproduction affect population dynamics is a fundamental question in ecology. Although the effects of among-year variation (environmental stochasticity) are well understood, the effects of among-site variation (spatial heterogeneity) are less clearly defined. I evaluated the effects of spatial and temporal variation on the population dynamics of Pulsatilla patens, pasqueflower, a perennial prairie forb. I conducted a 10-year demographic monitoring study, and quantified vital rate variation among sites and years using generalized linear models. I incorporated vital rate functions using this variation into integral projection models for stochastic and spatially heterogeneous environments. I also explored the effects of temporal and spatial autocorrelation, by exploring model predictions over the range of possible values for temporal autocorrelation and local seed dispersal. Vital rates varied more among years than among sites. However, environmental stochasticity and spatial heterogeneity had similar magnitude effects on population dynamics. These effects were also qualitatively different: environmental stochasticity reduced population growth rates relative to the average, whereas spatial heterogeneity increased population growth rates. Spatial autocorrelation and negative temporal autocorrelation led to higher population growth rates, although environmental stochasticity still reduced growth rates for all autocorrelation values, and spatial heterogeneity increased growth rates for all autocorrelation values. Some form of autocorrelation would be necessary for model projections to match observed population trends. Synthesis. Spatial heterogeneity is as important as environmental stochasticity for population dynamics, but it is much less often incorporated into population projection models. This study points to a number of interesting avenues for future research into the roles of spatial heterogeneity and spatiotemporal variation for long-term population dynamics.
Metabolic contrast agent produced from transported solid 13C-glucose hyperpolarized via Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
<p>Magnetic Resonance Imaging combined with hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C-labelled metabolic contrast agents produced via dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization can, non-invasively and in real-time, report on tissue specific aberrant metabolism. However, hyperpolarization equipment is expensive, technically demanding and needs to be installed on-site for the end-user. In this work, we provide a robust methodology that allows remote production of the hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C-labelled metabolic contrast agents. The methodology, built on photo-induced thermally labile radicals, allows solid sample extraction from the hyperpolarization equipment and several hours’ lifetime of the <sup>13</sup>C-labelled metabolic contrast agents at appropriate storage/transport conditions. Exemplified with [U-<sup>13</sup>C, d<sub>7</sub>]-D-glucose, we remotely produce hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C-labelled metabolic contrast agents and generate above 10,000-fold liquid-state Magnetic Resonance signal enhancement at 9.4 T, keeping on-site only a simple dissolution device.</p>
Macroinvertebrate communities in streams with contrasting water sources in the Japanese Alps
<p>Data on macroinvertebrate community structure and environmental conditions across groundwater and snowmelt fed stream systems in the northern Japanese Alps. </p>
Figure 1 in Morphology and composition of the internal axis in two morphologically contrasting deep-water sea pens (Cnidaria: Octocorallia)
Figure 1. Map of study area showing sampling locations.
Figure 2 in Life history dynamics and biogeography of a nudibranch with contrasting developmental modes: A hypothesis for the evolution of larval types
Figure 2. Seasonal abundance of Dendronotus spp. (in number of slugs per m2) and their thecate hydroid prey (in percentage cover). (a) The shallow subtidal site at York, Maine collected every calendar month. (b) The subtidal site at Eastport, Maine and (c) the intertidal site at West Quoddy Head in Lubec, Maine collected every two calendar months. Hydroid abundance data were sampled using point coordinates and averaged for 10 samples per sampling area (¡SD).
Figure 18 in Phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography and the oldest damselflies in amber (Odonata: Zygoptera: Hemiphlebiidae)
Figure 18. Jordanhemiphlebia electronica Kaddumi gen. et sp. nov., holotype, apical half of wing. Scale bar = 1 mm.
Figure 12 in Phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography and the oldest damselflies in amber (Odonata: Zygoptera: Hemiphlebiidae)
Figure 12. Electrohemiphlebia barucheli gen. et sp. nov., holotype ARC 372.1, nodal region of forewing.
Figure 14 in Phase contrast X-ray synchrotron microtomography and the oldest damselflies in amber (Odonata: Zygoptera: Hemiphlebiidae)
Figure 14. Electrohemiphlebia barucheli gen. et sp. nov., holotype ARC 372.1, apical part of forewing.
Figure 1 from: Sabuncu M, Yilmazlar İ (2016) Speckle Contrast Reduction with a Visible VCSEL Projector. Research Ideas and Outcomes 2: e9597. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.2.e9597
Figure 1 - The circuit that allows for triangular wave modulation of the VCSEL drive current. The corresponding block diagram of the circuit scheme that drives the VCSEL is given below the drive circuit.
Plant spatial aggregation modulates the interplay between plant competition and pollinator attraction with contrasting outcomes of plant fitness
<p>Ecosystem functions such as seed production are the result of a complex interplay between competitive plant-plant interactions and mutualistic pollinator-plant interactions. In this interplay, spatial plant aggregation could work in two different directions: it could increase hetero- and conspecific competition, thus reducing seed production; but it could also attract pollinators increasing plant fitness. To shed light on how plant spatial arrangement modulates this balance, we conducted a field study in a Mediterranean annual grassland with three focal plant species with different phenology, <em>Chamaemelum fuscatum </em>(early phenology), <em>Leontodon maroccanus </em>(middle phenology) and <em>Pulicaria paludosa </em>(late phenology), and a diverse guild of pollinators (flies, bees, beetles, and butterflies). All three species showed spatial aggregation of conspecific individuals. Additionally, we found that the two mechanisms were working simultaneously: crowded neighborhoods reduced individual seed production via plant-plant competition, but they also made individual plants more attractive for some pollinator guilds, increasing visitation rates and plant fitness. The balance between these two forces varied depending on the focal species and the spatial scale considered. Therefore, our results indicate that mutualistic interactions do not always effectively compensate for competitive interactions in situations of spatial aggregation of flowering plants, at least in our study system. We highlight the importance of explicitly considering the spatial structure at different spatial scales of multitrophic interactions to better understand individual plant fitness and community dynamics.</p>
Viscosity contrasts in the Venus mantle from tidal deformations
<p>The file "Comparison-Benchmark-Dumoulin" contains the values comparing our results with a previous study. The file "Monte-Carlo-sampling" contains the results of the Monte-Carlo sampling. The file "Different-alpha" contains the results to study the effect of the alpha value (related to Andrade's law).</p>
Contrastive learning-based histopathological feature infers molecular subtypes and clinical outcomes of breast cancer from unannotated whole slide images
<p>The breast cancer cohort came from the Changzhou Second People's Hospital (CZSPH) in Jiangsu, China. This cohort collected 91 FFPE WSIs from 90 breast cancer patients, including 15 recurrence cases within 5 years.</p>
Contrasting evolutionary patterns between sexual and asexual lineages in a genomic region linked to reproductive mode variation in the pea aphid
<p>SNP dataset and outputs from BayPass, Popoolation and npstat, together with the script used to plot these data in a submited article entitled "Contrasting evolutionary patterns between sexual and asexual lineages in a genomic region linked to reproductive mode variation in the pea aphid" by M. Rimbault, F. Legeai<sup>,</sup>J. Peccoud, L. Mieuzet, E. Call, P. Nouhaud, H. Defendini, F. Mahéo, W. Marande, N. Théron, D. Tagu, G. Le Trionnaire, J.-C. Simon, J. Jaquiéry<sup>.</sup></p>
Radiomics and Artificial Intelligence Analysis by T2 weighted imaging and Dynamic Contrast Enhanced Magnetic resonance imaging to predict Breast Cancer Histological Outcome
<p>Radiomics features obtained by MR images to predict Breast Cancer Histological Outcome.</p>
Prediction of Breast Cancer Histological Outcome with Radiomics and Artificial Intelligence Analysis by Contrast-Enhanced Mammography
<p>Radiomic features on contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) images</p>
A Validation Study of MR Lymphangiography Using SPIO, a New Lymphotropic Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle Contrast
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00147238. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.