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3,136 results for “Terrestrialization”
Divergent nitrogen and phosphorus allocation strategies in terrestrial plant leaves and fine roots: a global meta-analysis
<p><span>The quantification of the allocation of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) among plant organs is essential to improve our understanding of plant growth, life-history strategies, and ecosystem nutrient and energy cycles. However, allocation strategies of N and P between terrestrial plant leaves and fine roots are unclear. </span></p> <p><span>Here, we compiled a global dataset comprising 807 terrestrial plant species to analyze the stoichiometric scaling of N and P between leaves and fine roots across species, families, plant groups, biomes, and locations. </span></p> <p><span>We found that N and P, and N:P ratios manifest different scaling exponents (α-values) between leaves and fine roots. Specifically, overall α<sub>N</sub> and α<sub>P</sub> were >1 </span><span>and </span><span><1</span><span>, respectively, and </span><span>α</span><span><sub>N</sub>:P</span><span> = 1, indicating a higher proportional increase of N to fine roots and P to leaves. However, there were differences in α<sub>N</sub>, α<sub>P</sub>, and α<sub>N:P</sub> among major species, families, plant groups, biomes, and locations. In addition, α<sub>N </sub>and α<sub>N</sub>:P increased with latitude; there was no clear trend for α<sub>P</sub>. Mean annual temperature accounted for the greatest proportion of variation in αN, whereas soil total P accounted for the greatest proportion of variation in α<sub>P</sub> and αN:P.</span></p> <p><span>Synthesis. Our results demonstrate a divergent N and P allocation strategy between leaves and fine roots in terrestrial plants. This study improves our understanding of the effects of the environment (including changes in global climate, and life history strategies) on nutrient allocation patterns between these two important plant organs.</span></p>
Dataset for "Number-size distribution and CCN activity of atmospheric aerosols in the western North Pacific during spring pre-bloom period: Influences of terrestrial and marine sources, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos."
<p>A cruise observation was conducted over the western North Pacific Ocean in March 2015. The dataset in the excel sheet contains aerosol number-size distributions and CCN number concentrations along with ship positions and date/time. This dataset is for Kawana et al. in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres.</p> <p>Kaori Kawana, Yuzo Miyazaki, Yuko Omori, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Sara Kagami, Koji Suzuki, Youhei Yamashita, Jun Nishioka, Yange Deng, Hikari Yai, and Michihiro Mochida: Number-size distribution and CCN activity of atmospheric aerosols in the western North Pacific during spring pre-bloom period: Influences of terrestrial and marine sources, J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.</p>
The main variables (soil moisture, net biome production and so on) of two experiments (CTRL and EXP) with the ORCHIDEE-MICT terrestrial biosphere model
<p class="MsoNormal"><span>Multiple linear regression (MLR) is widely used to attribute causes of the interannual variability (IAV) of land carbon uptake, yet, parameter estimation in MLR can be problematic if the predictors are strongly inter-correlated. Recently, Humphrey et al., (2021) used MLR method to conclude that the indirect effect of soil moisture (SM) via land-atmosphere coupling, rather than the direct effect of SM on photosynthesis and respiration, controls the IAV of NBP. Here we assess the validity of MLR as used by Humphrey et al. (2021) by comparing the true contribution of SM in a terrestrial biosphere model, derived from the difference between a control run (CTRL) and an experiment with prescribed climatological SM (EXP), with the MLR method applied to the CTRL outputs.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><span>We ran two experiments (CTRL and EXP) with the ORCHIDEE-MICT</span><span> terrestrial biosphere model at 2º spatial resolution. The control (CTRL) run followed the protocol of "S3" experiment of TRENDY-v6</span><span>, forced by CRUNCEP-v8 climate forcing, increasing atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> concentration, and varying land use maps. </span>Monthly outputs for the period 1960-2005 were used for analysis. For the EXP run, <a name="_Hlk107926231"></a>to remove the interannual variability (IAV) of soil moisture (SM) while keeping its seasonal cycle, a climatological monthly SM averaged for the years 1960-2005 simulated by the CTRL run was prescribed in the model. Note that the intrinsic time-step of hydrology and photosynthesis in ORCHIDEE-MICT is half-hourly, thus SM within the same month took the same monthly mean value. Other configurations in the EXP run were identical to the CTRL run. </span></p>
Dispersal without drivers: Intrinsic and extrinsic variables have no impact on movement distances in a terrestrial amphibian
<p>Dispersive movements are often thought to be multicausal and driven by individual body size, sex, conspecific density, environmental variation, personality and/or other variables. Yet such variables often do not account for most of the variation among dispersive movements in nature, leaving open the possibility that dispersion may be indeterministic. We assessed the amount of variation in 24 h movement distances that could be accounted for by potential drivers of displacement with a large empirical dataset of movement distances performed by Fowler's Toads (<em>Anaxyrus fowleri</em>) on the northern shore of Lake Erie at Long Point, Ontario (2002–2021, incl.). These toads are easy to sample repeatedly, can be identified individually and move parallel to the shoreline as they forage at night, potentially dispersing to new refuge sites. Using a linear mixed-effect model that incorporated random effect terms to account for sampling variance and inter-annual variation, we found that all potential intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of movement accounted for virtually none of the variation observed among 24 h distances moved by these animals, whether over short or large spatial scales. We examined the idea of movement personality by testing variance per individual toad and found no evidence of individuality in movement distances. We conclude that deterministic variables, whether intrinsic or extrinsic, neither can be shown to nor are necessary to drive movements in this population over all spatial scales. Stochastic, short-timescale movements, such as daily foraging movements, can instead accumulate over time to produce large spatial-scale movements that are dispersive in nature.</p>
FIGURES 30–32 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 30–32. Dolichocephalometra pacifica, holotype, structural details. 30. Lateral view. 31. Dorsal view. 32. Head.
FIGURE 29 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURE 29. Distribution of Prohydrometra n. gen. species in the eastern Society Islands. Triangle = P. tohiea n. sp.; circle = P. moorea n. sp.; squares = P. gangei; pentagon = P. teatara n. sp.
FIGURES 25, 26 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 25, 26. Photographs of habitat for Prohydrometra n. gen. species on Moorea and Tahiti. 25. Mt. Tohiea summit area, CL 7500, habitat for P. moorea n. sp. and P. tohiea n. sp.. 26. Tahiti Iti, Mts Teatara, 1080 m. mossy Weimannia trees providing habitat for P. teatara n. sp..
FIGURE 18 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURE 18. Distribution of Prohydrometra species in the western Society Islands. Triangle = P. johnpolhemi n. sp.; square = P. englundi n. sp.
FIGURES 16, 17 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 16, 17. Photographs of habitat for Prohydrometra johnpolhemi n. sp. at Trois Cascade, Raiatea, CL 7521. 12. Second waterfall, flanked by wet rock faces on which the species occurred. 13. Dr. John T. Polhemus collecting specimens on wet rock faces lateral to the waterfall.
FIGURES 9, 10. Prohydrometra gagnei, morphological details. 9. Male ventral left thorax, showing coxal spacing. 10 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 9, 10. Prohydrometra gagnei, morphological details. 9. Male ventral left thorax, showing coxal spacing. 10. Male head, dorsal view, with positions of cephalic trichobothria indicated. Specimen from French Polynesia, Tahiti, Mt. Marau, CL 7498.
FIGURE 11. Prohydrometra johnpolhemi n in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURE 11. Prohydrometra johnpolhemi n. sp., head in lateral view, showing very long antennal segment III diagnostic for this genus. Specimen from French Polynesia, Raiatea, Trois Cascade, CL 7521.
FIGURES 27, 28 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 27, 28. Photographs of habitats for Prohydrometra gagnei on Tahiti. 27. Mt Marau, fern gulley along road to summit, 1380 m., CL 7498, J. T. Polhemus collecting from a fogging sheet set below banks of ferns. 28. Mt. Mauru, banks of Dicranopteris ferns along trail to summit between Pylon 3 and Pylon 4, CL 7486.
FIGURES 2–4. Marquesametra hivaoa n in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 2–4. Marquesametra hivaoa n. sp., morphological details. 2. Male head, dorsal view, with positions of trichobothria indicated. 3. Male ventral right thorax, showing nearly equidistant coxal spacing. 4. Male ventral terminal abdomen. Specimen from French Polynesia, Hiva Oa, Mt. Temetiu, CL 6031.
FIGURES 19–24. Prohydrometra n. gen. species, male ventral terminal abdomen. 19. P in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 19–24. Prohydrometra n. gen. species, male ventral terminal abdomen. 19. P. gagnei, specimen from Tahiti, Mt. Marau. 20. P. gagnei, specimen from Tahiti, Mt. Mauru, showing yellowish-brown coloration. 21. P. moorea n. sp., specimen from Moorea, Mt. Tohiea. 22. P. teatara n. sp., specimen from Tahiti, Mts. Teatara. 23. P. tohiea n. sp., holotype, specimen from Moorea, Mt. Tohiea. 24. P. johnpolhemi n. sp., specimen from Raiatea, Trois Cascade.
FIGURES 5–8 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 5–8. Photographs of habitat for Marquesametra hivaoa n. sp. on Mt. Temetiu, Hiva Oa, Marquesas Islands, CL 6016 and CL 6031. 5. View of the Mt. Temetiu summit ridge in 2001, with survey camp visible as a blue tarp shelter to the center right of the frame, at an elevation of approximately 1100 m, CL 6031. 6. Dense cloud forest vegetation along the Mt. Temetiu summit ridge, including ferns, Freycineta arborea, and moss-draped Metrosideros collina trees in the upper portion of the frame, the latter supporting M. hivaoa. 7. Dr. J. T. Polhemus applying pyrethrin fog to a mossy tree in search of M. hivaoa. 8. Detail of moss and fern habitat on Mt. Temetiu harboring M. hivaoa.
FIGURE 33 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURE 33. Photograph of the type-locality for Dolichocephalometra pacifica, the summit ridge of Mt. Hitikau, Ua Huka, Marquesas Islands. Note the thick stand of Freycinetia arborea in which the survey crew is sheltering, with a few slender Hibiscus tiliaceus in the left of the frame.
FIGURE 38 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURE 38. Distribution of endemic Hydrometridae species in the southen Marquesas Islands. Circles = Marquesametra hiavoa n. sp.; square = Chaetometra robusta.
FIGURES 12–15. Prohydrometra englundi n in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 12–15. Prohydrometra englundi n. sp., female, morphological details. 12. Head, dorsal view, with positions of cephalic trichobothria indicated. 13. Ventral left thorax, showing coxal spacing. 14. Terminal abdomen, ventral view. 15. Left foreleg, ventral view. Specimen from French Polynesia, Raiatea, Mt. Toomaru.
FIGURES 35–37 in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURES 35–37. Chaetometra robusta, holotype, structural details. 35. Lateral view. 36. Dorsal view. 37. Head.
FIGURE 1. Marquesametra hivaoa n in Two new genera and six new species of Terrestrial Hydrometridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from French Polynesia
FIGURE 1. Marquesametra hivaoa n. sp., dorsal habitus. Specimen from Marquesas Islands, Hiva Oa, Mt. Temetiu, CL 6031. Young Sohn illustration.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.