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Figs. 14–19 in Biology of the Bee Hoplitis (Hoplitis) monstrabilis Tkalců and Descriptions of Its Egg and Larva (Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Osmiini)

Figs. 14–19. SEM micrographs of mature larva of Hoplitis monstrabilis. 14. Right side of head showing antenna, anterior tentorial pit, part of labrum, and cranial setae, frontal view; rectangle identifying seta enlarged in fig. 18. 15. Close-up of antenna, showing three apical sensilla. 16. Apex of clypeus and labrum, frontal view. 17. Mouthparts, including salivary opening, frontal view. 18, 19. Two long cranial setae, showing large, elevated alveoli identified by arrows; fig. 18, from side of parietal at level of lower edge of parietal band, identified by rectangle in fig. 14; fig. 19 from upper area of parietal band.

Figs. 6–11 in Biology of the Bee Hoplitis (Hoplitis) monstrabilis Tkalců and Descriptions of Its Egg and Larva (Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Osmiini)

Figs. 6–11. Diagrams of immatures of Hoplitis monstrabilis. 6. Egg, lateral view, other orientation uncertain. 7. Entire body of last larval instar, lateral view, with enlarged view of abdominal apex showing protruding anal region. 8, 9. Head of last larval instar, front and lateral views, respectively, with close-up of antenna in maximum profile. 10, 11. Right mandible of same, dorsal view, and outer view of apex in maximum profile, respectively.

Figs. 1–5 in Biology of the Bee Hoplitis (Hoplitis) monstrabilis Tkalců and Descriptions of Its Egg and Larva (Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Osmiini)

Figs. 1–5. Photographs of nesting site and nest components of Hoplitis monstrabilis. 1, 2. Nesting site (arrow) of Hoplitis monstrabilis on campus of Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey, and close-up of nest entrances (marked by dry plaster of Paris) identified by arrows, respectively. 3. Cell showing shape, lateral view from above. 4. Close-up of cell wall showing matt texture; note cell wall composed of compact soil (arrow). 5. Cell closure, inner view.

Figs. 12, 13 in Biology of the Bee Hoplitis (Hoplitis) monstrabilis Tkalců and Descriptions of Its Egg and Larva (Megachilidae: Megachilinae: Osmiini)

Figs. 12, 13. Photographs of spiracle on cleared larva of Hoplitis monstrabilis. 12. Side view, showing elevation of rim and globular shape. 13. Oblique lateral view, showing peritreme and faint atrial ridges.

Figs. 1–7 in On the myrmecophilous genus Systellus Kleine (Coleoptera: Brentidae), with systematic and biological notes on S. mentaweicus (Senna)

Figs. 1–7. Systellus mentaweicus, male (from Ulu Gombak, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia): 1, Habitus, dorsal view; 2, ditto, ventral view; 3, head, dorsal view; 4, ditto, ventral view; 5, left antenna; 6, umbilicate pores on right elytra; 7, right fore leg. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Figs. 11–14 in On the myrmecophilous genus Systellus Kleine (Coleoptera: Brentidae), with systematic and biological notes on S. mentaweicus (Senna)

Figs. 11–14. Systellus mentaweicus, male (from Ulu Gombak, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia): 11–13, Left to right: Tegmen and parameres, dorsal and lateral, aedeagus, dorsal; 14, caudal segments of abdomen, internal view, showing short spiculum relictus and straight spiculum gastrale. Scale bars = 0.5 mm

Figs. 8–10 in On the myrmecophilous genus Systellus Kleine (Coleoptera: Brentidae), with systematic and biological notes on S. mentaweicus (Senna)

Figs. 8–10. Systellus mentaweicus, female (from Ulu Gombak, Selangor, Peninsular Malaysia): 8, Habitus, dorsal view; 9, ditto, ventral view; 10, head, ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Figs. 15–17 in On the myrmecophilous genus Systellus Kleine (Coleoptera: Brentidae), with systematic and biological notes on S. mentaweicus (Senna)

Figs. 15–17. Habitat of Systellus mentaweicus at Field Studies Centre, Ulu Gombak, Selagor, Peninsular Malaysia: 15, Female dropping its head from the host ant nest entrance; 16, fallen branch on which the host ant nest was found; 17, interior of the host ant nest.

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Fig. 4. A in First record of the nesting biology of the red-vented barbet, Megalaima lagrandieri (Aves: Piciformes: Megalaimidae), an Indochinese endemic

Fig. 4. A, Parent red-vented barbet on the nesting hole. B–F, with different food items: B, lizard Bronchocela smaragdina; C, figs; D, fruit of Knema sp.; E, bush cricket Zabalius sp.; and F, cicada.

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Fig. 3 in First record of the nesting biology of the red-vented barbet, Megalaima lagrandieri (Aves: Piciformes: Megalaimidae), an Indochinese endemic

Fig. 3. Frequency of parental feeding visits during the early nestling period (average for seven days of observation, from 2nd to 13th day of feeding) in the red-vented barbet.

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Fig. 1 in First record of the nesting biology of the red-vented barbet, Megalaima lagrandieri (Aves: Piciformes: Megalaimidae), an Indochinese endemic

Fig. 1. Longitudinal and transversal sections of the nest of the redvented barbet. All distances are given in millimetres (mm). "A" stands for the level of the transversal section.

Fig. A3 in Susceptibility of tropical mountain forests to biological invasions from the temperate and subtropical zone, exemplified by Zonitoides (Gastropoda: Gastrodontidae)

Fig. A3. Map of the occurrences of Zonitoides arboreus s.l. and Zonitoides nitidus used for the calculation of climatic suitability for the 20 km grid resolution.

Fig. A4 in Susceptibility of tropical mountain forests to biological invasions from the temperate and subtropical zone, exemplified by Zonitoides (Gastropoda: Gastrodontidae)

Fig. A4. Global climatic suitability for: (a) Zonitoides arboreus s.l.; and (b) Zonitoides nitidus based on Mahalanobis distances using the 20 km grid resolution. The higher the threshold, the more dissimilar are the climatic conditions to those of the majority of known occurrences, and>100% means that the climatic conditions are dissimilar to those of any other available record. Please note that the deserts of Africa, Arabia and Australia are unlikely places for a snail that inhabits (temperate) forests in its native range (Z. arboreus s.l.), and that the Great Lakes Region that seems well inhabited by Z. nitidus does not fully match its climate, what can only be explained from effects of averaging local climates at a larger grid scale.

Fig. A1 in Susceptibility of tropical mountain forests to biological invasions from the temperate and subtropical zone, exemplified by Zonitoides (Gastropoda: Gastrodontidae)

Fig. A1. Map of the occurrences of Zonitoides arboreus s.l. used for the calculation of climatic suitability for the 10 km grid resolution.

Fig. 4 in Susceptibility of tropical mountain forests to biological invasions from the temperate and subtropical zone, exemplified by Zonitoides (Gastropoda: Gastrodontidae)

Fig. 4. Position of the new locations (L1 and L2, enumeration for each species separately) in Sabah in relation to the Mahalanobis distances of climatic variables for: (a) Zonitoides arboreus s.l., and (b) Z. nitidus. Record ID refers to the order of the data entry.

Fig. 2 in Susceptibility of tropical mountain forests to biological invasions from the temperate and subtropical zone, exemplified by Zonitoides (Gastropoda: Gastrodontidae)

Fig. 2. Global climatic suitability for (a) Zonitoides arboreus s.l. and (b) Zonitoides nitidus based on Mahalanobis distances from the 10 km grid resolution. The higher the threshold, the more dissimilar are the climatic conditions to those of the majority of known occurrences, and>100 % means that the climatic conditions are dissimilar to those of any other available record.

Fig. 1 in Susceptibility of tropical mountain forests to biological invasions from the temperate and subtropical zone, exemplified by Zonitoides (Gastropoda: Gastrodontidae)

Fig. 1. Estimation of the phylogenetic relationships of the COI barcoding sequence from the Zonitoides specimens and two outgroups (labeled with their BOLD or GenBank accession numbers) using the Maximum Likelihood method based on the Tamura-Nei model. The tree with the highest log likelihood (−2138.3583) is shown. Branch lengths equal genetic distances in terms of the number of base substitutions per site. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (500 replicates) are shown next to the branches. The tree was constructed in MEGA 6.0. Please note that the shell of (living) Z. nitidus is darkly pigmented, and that the extended animal of the depicted Z. nitidus started fading.

Fig. A2 in Susceptibility of tropical mountain forests to biological invasions from the temperate and subtropical zone, exemplified by Zonitoides (Gastropoda: Gastrodontidae)

Fig. A2. Map of the occurrences of Zonitoides nitidus used for the calculation of climatic suitability for the 10 km grid resolution.

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Figs. 42–46 in Biology And Description Of The Third Instar Larva And Puparium Of Ichneumonopsis Burmensis Hardy (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae: Gastrozonini), A Bamboo-Breeding Fruit Fly From The Oriental Region

Figs. 42–46. Puparium of I. burmensis (SEM photographs). 42, Apical end of the puparium showing the anterior spiracles. 43, Detail of invaginated frontal part of prothorax showing the locations of the paired sensilla. 44, Detail of the anterior spiracle showing three papillae. 45, Caudal end of the puparium. 46, Posterior spiracles. an = anus; as = anterior spiracle; pts 2–9 = prothoracic sensillae.