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5,371 results for “Flow”
Fig. 3 in A phylogenetic investigation of the taxonomically problematic Eucalyptus odorata complex (E. section Adnataria series Subbuxeales): evidence for extensive interspecific gene flow and reticulate evolution
Fig. 3. Plot of PCA analyses of SNPs generated using (a) ddRADseq and (b) DArTseq. Points are coloured by species consistent with Fig. 1, with shapes used to distinguish different major groups: the grey-box taxa (diamonds), mallee members of E. series Subbuxeales not in the E. odorata complex (squares), and the E. odorata complex (circles).
Fig. 5 in A phylogenetic investigation of the taxonomically problematic Eucalyptus odorata complex (E. section Adnataria series Subbuxeales): evidence for extensive interspecific gene flow and reticulate evolution
Fig. 5. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny generated using RAXML, excluding samples with strong evidence for hybridisation and introgression in the combined ddRADseq and DArTseq dataset. Support values on branches are those from the ML and MP analysis, with branches with greater than 80% bootstrapping support in both analyses thickened. Series are labelled as per Nicolle (2019).
Fig. 1 in A phylogenetic investigation of the taxonomically problematic Eucalyptus odorata complex (E. section Adnataria series Subbuxeales): evidence for extensive interspecific gene flow and reticulate evolution
Fig. 1. Distributions of the 12 species of the E. odorata complex, using taxonomic concepts employed a priori in this study. (a) E. viridis and species most commonly considered its closest relatives. (b) E. odorata, E. polybractea and species commonly considered close relatives of these. Distributions are coloured by species and open circles are used to highlight geographically restricted populations. Closed points indicate the collecting localities and seed provenances for samples used in this study. Black circles indicate major regions where members of the E. odorata complex occur as applied in text, which may differ from the actual geographic extent.
Fig. 4 in A phylogenetic investigation of the taxonomically problematic Eucalyptus odorata complex (E. section Adnataria series Subbuxeales): evidence for extensive interspecific gene flow and reticulate evolution
Fig. 4. Maximum-likelihood phylogeny generated using RAXML including all samples in the combined ddRADseq and DArTseq dataset. Support values on branches are those from the ML and MP analysis, with branches with greater than 80% bootstrapping support in both analyses thickened. Series are labelled as per Nicolle (2019).
Cycle data of different laboratory flow batteries based on AQDS BQDS, MV TEMPOL and vanadium flow battery
<p>Cycle data of different organic and inorganic laboratory scale redox flow batteries with an active area of 40 cm², made during the EU-Project SONAR in the years 2020 - 2023.</p>
Simulation data from "Mass Flows in Expanding Coronal Loops"
<p>24 HYDRAD hydrodynamic simulations from the paper "Mass Flows in Expanding Coronal Loops" by Reep, Scott, Chhabra, Unverferth & Knizhnik, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, 2024 (https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.12358). Each of Figures 1, 2, 3, and 9 have six simulations with varying cross-sectional area expansion factors. These simulations were used to generate the plots in the paper.</p> <p>The output of the simulation data can be found in the ./Results/ folder of each simulation's directory. The source code was modified to hard code the expansion factors in ./HYDRAD/source/eqns.cpp, under the functions double CEquations::CalculateMagneticField and double CEquations::CalculateCrossSection, rather than using polynomial fits as is standard in HYDRAD. </p> <p> </p>
CENTRINNO_Material Flow Analyses Graphics
<p>A collection of Material Flow Analyses diagrams produced during the CENTRINNO Project.</p>
Isotopic Constraints from Carbonates on the Thermochronologic Evolution of Fluid Flow and Faulting in the Monitor Range, Central Nevada, USA
<p>The dataset contains the following information:</p> <p>"Full data summary"- Isotopic data and GPS coordinates for all samples analyzed in this study.</p> <p>"L013 report", "L052 report"- Raw clumped isotope data for all samples.</p> <p>"U-Pb raw data"- Calcite U/Pb ratios of psuedo-spots for all unknown samples and standards analyzed in this study.</p> <p>"Yanay CC20"- Zircon U/Pb data for standards and unkown sample grains.</p>
Flow Around a Cylinder for Generative Learning
<p>The dataset contains 100,000 images with a resolution of 1000 x 600 pixels of the test case of a flow around a cylinder at Reynolds number 3900, where the flow field is characterized by a Kármán vortex street developing in the wake of the cylinder. The vortex street consists of a characteristic coherent vortex system in which the rotational axes of the individual vortices are aligned with the cylinder axis. The data set of gray-scale images was generated by post-processing the transient Large Eddy Simulation (LES) velocity field data using a projection mapping in the sense that the system remains ergodic on a reduced state space. </p> <p>The data was originally used to train and validate generative models. The results of these studies are presented in the article </p> <p><em>Drygala, C., Winhart, B., di Mare, F., & Gottschalk, H. (2022). Generative modeling of turbulence. Physics of Fluids, 34(3),</em></p> <p>where a detailed description of the numerical setup can be found. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Data From "Radar-Based Deep Learning for Debris Flow Identification amid the Environmental Disturbances"
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Supplementary material from: Microfluidic vessel-on-chip platform for investigation of cellular defects in venous malformations and responses to various shear stress and flow conditions
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
A worldwide event-based debris-flow barrier dam dataset from 1800 to 2023
<p>Debris-flow barrier dams (DFBDs) not only reshape the original hydrological and geological conditions but may also trigger secondary disasters such as outburst floods and upstream aggradation. Data on DFBDs is crucial for related research. However, there is no dataset for DFBDs has been established. To fill this gap, we adopted a rigorous data collection and validation process, reviewed 2519 literatures and media reports, and constructed a dataset of 555 DFBD events. The dataset comprehensively records 38 attributes of the DFBDs, including location, country, trigger, the date of formation, reliability, debris flow density, debris flow velocity, dam length, height, width, volume, blocking mode, stability, longevity, dam material, lake length, lake volume, lake area, failure mechanism, peak discharge, and loss of life, etc.</p>
Data for "Architected print-and-plate porous electrodes for electrochemical transformations under flow"
<p>This upload contains a single ZIP archive with all the supporting information for the scientific publication "Architected print-and-plate porous electrodes for electrochemical transformations under flow." This information includes experimental data, results of numerical simulations, and g code used for 3D printing. It includes new data, including EDS mapping of filament cross-sections, that were collected during the peer-review process.</p>
Dataset of flow rate, water temperature, radon concentration, and seismic waveforms from a hot spring system
<p>Flow rate, water temperature, radon concentration, meteorological data, and seismic waveforms in a hot spring system that used for investigating the groundwater radon changes and hydrological responses induced by large earthquakes. </p>
Large Eddy Simulation data of flow in a rectangular diffuser
<p>This dataset contains the results of large-eddy simulations of the flow in a rectangular asymmetric diffuser. Here only the D2 diffuser's data are provided because experimental and DNS data are avilable for D1. .</p>
Data from: Fractal characteristics of shale pore structure and its influence on seepage flow
<p>The migration law of shale gas has a significant influence on the seepage characteristics of shale, and the flow of the gas is closely related to the pore structure. To explore the influence of shale pore parameters on permeability in different diffusion zones, the pore structure of the shale in the Niutitang Formation in Guizhou, China, was analyzed based on liquid nitrogen adsorption experiments and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. The relationship among fractal dimension, organic carbon content (TOC), and BET specific surface area was analyzed based on the fractal dimension of shale pores calculated using the Frenkel‒Halsey‒Hill model. Shale permeability was calculated using the Knudsen number and permeability equation, and the influence of the fractal dimension and porosity in different diffusion zones on shale permeability was analyzed. Previous studies have shown that: (1) the pores of shale in the Niutitang Formation, Guizhou are mainly distributed within 1‒100 nm, with a small total pore volume per unit mass, average pore diameter, large BET specific surface area, and porosity; (2) fractal dimension has a negative correlation with average pore diameter and TOC content and a quadratic relationship with BET specific surface area; (3) permeability has a positive correlation with Kn, porosity, and fractal dimension. In the transitional diffusion zone, fractal dimension and porosity have a significant impact on permeability. In the Knudsen diffusion zone, porosity has no obvious effect on permeability. The methodologies and results presented will enable more accurate characterization of the complexity of pore structures of porous media, and allow further understanding of the seepage law of shale gas.</p>
Next-generation phylogeography of the banded newts (Ommatotriton): A phylogenetic hypothesis for three ancient species with geographically restricted interspecific gene flow and deep intraspecific genetic structure
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Technological developments now make it possible to employ many markers for many individuals in a phylogeographic setting, even for taxa with large and complex genomes such as salamanders. The banded newt (genus <i>Ommatotriton</i>) from the Near East has been proposed to contain three species (<i>O. nesterovi</i>, <i>O. ophryticus </i>and <i>O. vittatus</i>) with unclear phylogenetic relationships, apparently limited interspecific gene flow and deep intraspecific geographic mtDNA structure. We use parallel tagged amplicon sequencing to obtain 177 nuclear DNA markers for 35 banded newts sampled throughout the range. We determine population structure (with Bayesian clustering and principal component analysis), interspecific gene flow (by determining the distribution of species-diagnostic alleles) and phylogenetic relationships (by maximum likelihood inference of concatenated sequence data and based on a summary-coalescent approach). We confirm that the three proposed species are genetically distinct. A sister relationship between <i>O. nesterovi</i> and <i>O. ophryticus</i> is suggested. We find evidence for introgression between <i>O. nesterovi</i> and <i>O. ophryticus</i>, but this is geographically limited. Intraspecific structuring is extensive, with the only recognized banded newt subspecies, <i>O. vittatus cilicensis</i>, representing the most distinct lineage below the species level. While mtDNA mostly mirrors the pattern observed in nuclear DNA, all banded newt species show mito-nuclear discordance as well.</p>
Data for "The variation of flow and turbulence across the sediment–water interface"
<p>See readme.</p> <p>Voermans, J. J., Ghisalberti, M., & Ivey, G. N. (2017). The variation of flow and turbulence across the sediment–water interface. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 824, 413-437.</p> <p>Voermans, J. J., Ghisalberti, M., & Ivey, G. N. (2018). A model for mass transport across the sediment‐water interface. Water Resources Research, 54(4), 2799-2812.</p> <p>Voermans, J. J., Ghisalberti, M., & Ivey, G. N. (2018). The Hydrodynamic Response of the Sediment‐Water Interface to Coherent Turbulent Motions. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(19), 10-520.</p>
Recognition of dominant driving factors behind sap flow of Liquidambar formosana based on back-propagation neutral network method
<p><i><span>Aims:</span></i> This study focused on the applicability of back-propagation (BP) neural networks in simulating sap flow (SF) using meteorological factors and a phenological index (<i><span>PI</span></i>) for <i><span>Liquidambar formosana</span></i><span>,</span> a deciduous broad-leaf tree species in subtropical China, and thus providing a useful and promising alternative to traditional methods for transpiration prediction.</p> <p><i><span>Methods: </span></i>Three-layered BP models with an architecture 4-10-1 <span>(four neurons in the input layer, ten neurons in the hidden layer and one neuron in the output layer) </span>were trained and tested using the Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm based on in situ observations of SF and concurrent microclimate at the Qianyanzhou Ecological Station, Jiangxi Province, Southeast China. The model performance was verified with testing data not used in model development.</p> <p><i><span>Results: </span></i>The BP models with eight input combinations proved a satisfactory fit: the determination coefficients (<i><span>R</span></i><sup><span>2</span></sup>) and fitting accuracies (<i><span>Acc</span></i>) (about 0.8 and 70%) were significantly higher than those of the multivariate linear regression (MLR) (about 0.5 and 50%), indicating their advantage in solving complex nonlinear problems involved in transpiration. In addition, the BP models showed a bit better performance by adding <i><span>PI</span></i><i> </i><span>to</span> the input family. The best BP model was achieved taking air temperature (<i><span>T</span></i><sub><span>a</span></sub>), relative humidity (<i><span>RH</span></i>), average net radiation (<i><span>ANR</span></i>) and <i><span>PI</span></i> as the input and sap flux density (<i><span>v</span></i><sub><span>s</span></sub>) as the output, with maximum <i><span>R</span></i><sup><span>2</span></sup> and <i><span>Acc</span></i> as high as 0.95 and 90%, respectively.</p> <p><i><span>Conclusions: </span></i><span>The</span><i> </i><span>BP</span><i> </i><span>models with input combination of </span><i><span>T</span></i><sub><span>a</span></sub><sub><span>, </span></sub><i><span>RH, ANR </span></i><span>and</span><i><span> PI </span></i><span>mirrored very well measured daily variations in </span><i><span>v</span></i><sub><span>s</span></sub>. The results could be used to fine-tune sap flow estimation by <i><span>Liquidambar formosana</span></i>, and thus shed light on the eco-hydrological process related to transpiration for deciduous broad-leaf trees.</p>
Ecological divergence and the history of gene flow in the Nearctic milksnakes (Lampropeltis triangulum complex)
<p>Many phylogeographic studies on species with large ranges have found genetic-geographic structure associated with changes in habitat and physical barriers preventing or reducing gene flow. These interactions with the geographic space, contemporary and historical climate, and biogeographic barriers may have complex effects on population genetic structure and speciation. While allopatric speciation at biogeographic barriers is considered the primary mechanism for generating species, more recently it has been shown that parapatric modes of divergence may be equally or even more common. With genomic data and better modeling capabilities we can more clearly define causes of speciation in relation to biogeography and migration between lineages, the location of hybrid zones with respect to the ecology of parental lineages, and differential introgression of genes between taxa. Here we examine the origins of three Nearctic milksnakes (<i>Lampropeltis elapsoides, L. triangulum, </i>and <i>L. gentilis</i>) using genomic-scale data to better understand the diversification of these taxa. Results from artificial neural networks show that a mix of a strong biogeographic barrier, environmental changes, and physical space has driven geographic structure in these taxa. These results underscore conspicuous environmental changes that occur as sister taxa diverged near the Great Plains into the forested regions of the Eastern Nearctic. This area has been recognized as a region for turnover for many vertebrate species but as we show here, the contemporary boundary does not isolate the sister species, <i>L. triangulum </i>and <i>L. gentilis</i>. These two species likely formed in the mid-Pleistocene and have remained partially reproductively isolated over much of this time, exchanging fewer than one migrant/generation with hybrid zones showing differential introgression of loci. We also show that when <i>L. triangulum</i> and <i>L. gentilis</i> are each in contact with the much older <i>L. elapsoides</i>, some limited gene flow has occurred. Given the strong agreement between nuclear and mtDNA genomes, along with estimates of fundamental niche, we suggest that all three lineages should continue to be recognized as unique species. Furthermore, this work emphasizes the importance of considering parapatric modes of divergence and differential allelic introgression over a complex landscape when considering mechanisms of speciation. </p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.