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Supplementary material S14: All brood-comb jolting pulses shown as individual spectrograms.
<p>Video showcasing all 189 brood-comb jolting pulse spectrograms. The jolting pulse spectra have undergone the same centring and analysis as in S12 and S16. The magnitude of acceleration is logarithmic (to the base 10), where the highest magnitude is 2x10<sup>-3 </sup>m/s<sup>2</sup>, and the lowest magnitude set to be 1/40 of the maximum.</p>
Supplementary material S2: Video evidence of vibrational traces originating from an individual Varroa mite walking.
<p>A video demonstrating an individual mite walking, together with the measured vibrations in spectrogram form. The logged coordinates of mite movement allow the individual to be tracked within the field of view which is continuously updated. The right-hand side panel detects the changes between two consecutive images of the original cropped video panel. When motionless the mite remains dark blue in the said panel, but the pixels flash red when the mite is walking. The synchronicity between mite movement and the vibrational traces seen on the top spectrogram panel can clearly be seen. This movie soundtrack, which is the accelerometer signal, also demonstrates the audible ‘clicking’ of mite walking vibrations, which are also synchronous with the movement and spectrogram traces. The spectrogram of the accelerometer data is shown with respect to time, with acceleration magnitude in logarithmic (to the base 10) format, with dark red always forced to be 6x10<sup>-3 </sup>m/s<sup>2</sup> (for ease of viewing the walking traces) as the highest point of magnitude at any point in time and dark blue as 1/50 of the maximum. This movie and its corresponding audio track are slowed from the original 50 to 25 frames per second for better viewing.</p>
Distribution. Sub-Saharan Africa; virtually eradicated from W Africa, and greatly reduced in C and NE Africa. The largest populations exist in Botswana, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe, which account for approximately half of the estimated number of African Wild Dogs remaining in the wild. Other populations occur in Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Sudan, and Zambia. Potential small populations (less than 100 individuals) may exist in Cameroon, Chad, Senegal, and Somalia. in Canidae
Distribution. Sub-Saharan Africa; virtually eradicated from W Africa, and greatly reduced in C and NE Africa. The largest populations exist in Botswana, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe, which account for approximately half of the estimated number of African Wild Dogs remaining in the wild. Other populations occur in Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Sudan, and Zambia. Potential small populations (less than 100 individuals) may exist in Cameroon, Chad, Senegal, and Somalia.
Data from: Individual and interactive effects of chronic anthropogenic disturbance and rainfall on taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic composition and diversity of extrafloral nectary-bearing plants in Brazilian Caatinga
<p>Chronic anthropogenic disturbance (CAD) and climate change represent two of the major threats to biodiversity globally, but their combined effects are not well understood. Here we investigate the individual and interactive effects of increasing CAD and decreasing rainfall on the composition and taxonomic (TD), functional (FD) and phylogenetic diversity (PD) of plants possessing extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) in semi-arid Brazilian Caatinga. EFNs attract ants that protect plants against insect herbivore attack and are extremely prevalent in the Caatinga flora. EFN-bearing plants were censused along gradients of disturbance and rainfall in Catimbau National Park in north-eastern Brazil. We recorded a total of 2,243 individuals belonging to 21 species. Taxonomic and functional composition varied along the rainfall gradient, but not along the disturbance gradient. There was a significant interaction between increasing disturbance and decreasing rainfall, with CAD leading to decreased TD, FD and PD in the most arid areas, and to increased TD, FD and PD in the wettest areas. We found a strong phylogenetic signal in the EFN traits we analysed, which explains the strong matching between patterns of FD and PD along the environmental gradients. The interactive effects of disturbance and rainfall revealed by our study indicate that the decreased rainfall forecast for Caatinga under climate change will increase the sensitivity of EFN-bearing plants to anthropogenic disturbance. This has important implications for the availability of a key food resource, which would likely have cascading effects on higher trophic levels.</p>
Individual dietary specialization in a generalist predator: A stable isotope analysis of urban and rural red foxes
<p>Some carnivores are known to survive well in urban habitats, yet the underlying behavioural tactics are poorly understood. One likely explanation for the success in urban habitats might be that carnivores are generalist consumers. However, urban populations of carnivores could as well consist of specialist feeders. Here, we compared the isotopic specialization of red foxes in urban and rural environments, using both a population and an individual level perspective. We measured stable isotope ratios in increments of red fox whiskers and potential food sources. Our results reveal that red foxes have a broad isotopic dietary niche and a large variation in resource use. Despite this large variation, we found significant differences between the variance of the urban and rural population for δ<sup>13</sup>C as well as δ<sup>15</sup>N values, suggesting a habitat-specific foraging behaviour. Although urban regions are more heterogeneous regarding land cover (based on the Shannon index) than rural regions, the dietary range of urban foxes was smaller compared to that of rural conspecifics. Moreover, the higher δ<sup>13</sup>C values and lower δ<sup>15</sup>N values of urban foxes suggest a relatively high input of anthropogenic food sources. The diet of most individuals remained largely constant over a longer period. The low intra-individual variability of urban and rural red foxes suggests a relatively constant proportion of food items consumed by individuals. Urban and rural foxes utilized a small proportion of the potentially available isotopic dietary niche as indicated by the low within-individual variation compared to the between-individual variation. We conclude that generalist fox populations consist of individual food specialists in urban and rural populations<b> </b>at least over those periods covered by our study.</p>
Distribution. Angola, DR Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia. Description. Head-body 46:5-47-8 cm (males), 44-45-5 cm (females), tail 40-43 cm (males), 38-39 cm (females), hindfoot 8:7-9-8 cm (males), 8-9 cm (females), ear 4-7-5-4 cm (males), 5-1-5-8 cm (females); weight 1-3-2 kg. The coat color is pale ocher, with brownish or grayish tones; melanistic individuals are quite common. The throat and chest are blackish, and the ventral pelage varies from creamy white to dirty white. The stripes and spots on the body vary from different hues of brown to black. The nuchal stripes run as two parallel lines from the nape to the shoulders, where they diverge and enlarge towards the elbows; they are not so conspicuously marked as in other genet species. Below them, a pair of thinner stripes and small spots are scattered on the shoulders and sides of the neck. A third pair of thinner, parallel stripes runs down the neck between the nuchal stripes, extending to about one fourth of the mid-dorsal line, where they vanish or diverge as the first row of flank spots. The black mid-dorsal line is continuous and is flanked on each side by four rows of oblong to squared spots, and by a few small-scattered spots below. There is a dorsal erectile crest. The face has a dark mask and a pair of white sub-ocular spots. The tail has seven to nine black rings, alternating with pale rings; the intervening white spaces are pigmented with a brownish tinge on the dorsal midline. The width of the pale rings relative to the dark rings in the middle of the tail is 50-75%; the tip of the tail is dark. The hindlimbs and forelimbs are black; there are white hairs on the metacarpals and metatarsals. [he posterior parts of the feet are dark. There are two pairs of teats. The posterior chamber of the auditory bulla is not ventrally inflated and has a continuous curve line on the external side. The ratio between the inter-orbital constriction and frontal width is 1-00 + 0-12. Dental formula: 13/3, C1/1,P 4/4, M 2/2 = 40. in Viverridae
Distribution. Angola, DR Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia. Description. Head-body 46:5-47-8 cm (males), 44-45-5 cm (females), tail 40-43 cm (males), 38-39 cm (females), hindfoot 8:7-9-8 cm (males), 8-9 cm (females), ear 4-7-5-4 cm (males), 5-1-5-8 cm (females); weight 1-3-2 kg. The coat color is pale ocher, with brownish or grayish tones; melanistic individuals are quite common. The throat and chest are blackish, and the ventral pelage varies from creamy white to dirty white. The stripes and spots on the body vary from different hues of brown to black. The nuchal stripes run as two parallel lines from the nape to the shoulders, where they diverge and enlarge towards the elbows; they are not so conspicuously marked as in other genet species. Below them, a pair of thinner stripes and small spots are scattered on the shoulders and sides of the neck. A third pair of thinner, parallel stripes runs down the neck between the nuchal stripes, extending to about one fourth of the mid-dorsal line, where they vanish or diverge as the first row of flank spots. The black mid-dorsal line is continuous and is flanked on each side by four rows of oblong to squared spots, and by a few small-scattered spots below. There is a dorsal erectile crest. The face has a dark mask and a pair of white sub-ocular spots. The tail has seven to nine black rings, alternating with pale rings; the intervening white spaces are pigmented with a brownish tinge on the dorsal midline. The width of the pale rings relative to the dark rings in the middle of the tail is 50-75%; the tip of the tail is dark. The hindlimbs and forelimbs are black; there are white hairs on the metacarpals and metatarsals. [he posterior parts of the feet are dark. There are two pairs of teats. The posterior chamber of the auditory bulla is not ventrally inflated and has a continuous curve line on the external side. The ratio between the inter-orbital constriction and frontal width is 1-00 + 0-12. Dental formula: 13/3, C1/1,P 4/4, M 2/2 = 40.
Distribution. Balabac, Ramos, and Bugsuk Is, Palawan region, Phillipines. In the late 1990s, a small stock of eight Balabac Chevrotains escaped from their enclosures on Calauit Island, a small island off the coast of Busuanga Island, north of Palawan, where the species had been maintained and bred since 1982. These animals were reported to have increased to at least 21 free-living individuals by 2006. Apparently the species was also introduced to the larger island of Palawan. No recent records confirm that it is still extant there, although unconfirmed reports suggest that it may survive in southern Palawan. in Tragulidae
Distribution. Balabac, Ramos, and Bugsuk Is, Palawan region, Phillipines. In the late 1990s, a small stock of eight Balabac Chevrotains escaped from their enclosures on Calauit Island, a small island off the coast of Busuanga Island, north of Palawan, where the species had been maintained and bred since 1982. These animals were reported to have increased to at least 21 free-living individuals by 2006. Apparently the species was also introduced to the larger island of Palawan. No recent records confirm that it is still extant there, although unconfirmed reports suggest that it may survive in southern Palawan.
Subspecies and Distribution. C.s.simumBurchell,1817—SEAngola,NENamibia,Botswana,Zimbabwe,SMozambique,Swaziland,SouthAfrica,andperhapsformerlyinextremeSWZambia. C. s. cottoni Lydekker, 1908 — historically present in S Chad, Central African Republic, S Sudan, NE DR Congo, and Uganda; last individuals occurred in DR Congo, but possibly extinct in the wild. The "Southern White Rhino," race simum, has been introduced into Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia. Especially vague range map for conservation reasons. in Rhinocerotidae
Subspecies and Distribution. C.s.simumBurchell,1817—SEAngola,NENamibia,Botswana,Zimbabwe,SMozambique,Swaziland,SouthAfrica,andperhapsformerlyinextremeSWZambia. C. s. cottoni Lydekker, 1908 — historically present in S Chad, Central African Republic, S Sudan, NE DR Congo, and Uganda; last individuals occurred in DR Congo, but possibly extinct in the wild. The "Southern White Rhino," race simum, has been introduced into Kenya, Uganda, and Zambia. Especially vague range map for conservation reasons.
Data from: Evolutionary impact of size-selective harvesting on shoaling behavior: Individual-level mechanisms and possible consequences for natural and fishing mortality
<p>Intensive and size-selective harvesting is an evolutionary driver of life-history as well as individual behavioral traits. Yet, whether and to what degree harvesting modifies the collective behavior of exploited species is largely unknown. We present a multi-generation harvest selection experiment with zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio)</em> as a model species to understand the effects of size-selective harvesting on shoaling behavior. The experimental system is based on a large-harvested (typical of most wild capture fisheries targeting larger size classes) and small-harvested (typical of specialized fisheries and gape-limited predators targeting smaller size classes) selection lines. By combining high resolution tracking of fish behavior with computational agent-based modeling we show that shoal cohesion changed in the direction expected by a trade-off between individual vigilance and the use of social cues. In particular, we document a decrease of individual vigilance in the small-harvested line, which was linked to an increase in the attention to social cues, favoring more cohesive shoals. Opposing outcomes were found for the large-harvested line, which formed less cohesive shoals. Using the agent-based model we outline possible consequences of changes in shoaling behavior for both fishing and natural mortality. The changes in shoaling induced by large size-selective harvesting may decrease fishing mortality, but increase mortality by natural predators. Our work suggests an insofar overlooked evolutionary mechanism by which size-selective harvesting can affect fishing and natural mortality of exploited fish.</p>
Subspecies and Distribution. S. J. fuscicollis Spix, 1823 — W Brazil (states of Acre & Amazonas) and Peru, S of the Rio Solimoes, between the Rio Javari in the W, E through the Rio Jutai Basin to the Rio Jurua (left bank), also in Peru, W of the Rio Yavari as far as the Rio Tapiche, an E tributary of the Rio Ucayali, and extending N from there as far as the Rio Blanco (left bank), where it meets the distribution of Geoffroy's Saddle-back Tamarin, S. nigrifrons (right bank of the Rio Blanco). S. f. auvilapiresi Hershkovitz, 1966 — W Brazil in the Amazonas State (type locality is the mouth of the Lago de Tefé, Rio Solimoes), found along the S of the Rio Solimoes between the rios Jurua and Purus, including the basins of the rios Urucu and Coari, and probably the Rio Tefé; the S limits are not known but possibly in the region of the N bank of the Rio Tapaua, an affluent of the Rio Purus. S. f. eruzlimai Hershkovitz, 1966 — W Brazil, described by Hershkovitz without provenance (based on a single individual "said to be from the upper Rio Purus"); M. G. M. van Roosmalen reported in 2003 that it had been observed by T. van Roosmalen on 21 June 2002, on the W bank of the Rio Purus, opposite the mouth of the Rio Sepatini, and noted that Hershkovitz was correct in supposing that it occurred between the rios Pauini and Tapaua, W of the Rio Purus. S. J. mura Rohe et al, 2009 — C Brazil (Amazonas State), interfluvium of the rios Madeira and Purus, S of the Rio Amazonas, probably S to the Rio Igapo-Acu. S. f. primitivus Hershkovitz, 1977 — W Brazil (Amazonas State), the distribution is believed to extend from the left bank of the Rio Pauini, along the left bank of the upper Rio Purus, N to the Rio Tapaua (right bank), as far W the right bank of the Rio Jurua, and the Rio Tarauaca. in Callitrichiade
Subspecies and Distribution. S. J. fuscicollis Spix, 1823 — W Brazil (states of Acre & Amazonas) and Peru, S of the Rio Solimoes, between the Rio Javari in the W, E through the Rio Jutai Basin to the Rio Jurua (left bank), also in Peru, W of the Rio Yavari as far as the Rio Tapiche, an E tributary of the Rio Ucayali, and extending N from there as far as the Rio Blanco (left bank), where it meets the distribution of Geoffroy's Saddle-back Tamarin, S. nigrifrons (right bank of the Rio Blanco). S. f. auvilapiresi Hershkovitz, 1966 — W Brazil in the Amazonas State (type locality is the mouth of the Lago de Tefé, Rio Solimoes), found along the S of the Rio Solimoes between the rios Jurua and Purus, including the basins of the rios Urucu and Coari, and probably the Rio Tefé; the S limits are not known but possibly in the region of the N bank of the Rio Tapaua, an affluent of the Rio Purus. S. f. eruzlimai Hershkovitz, 1966 — W Brazil, described by Hershkovitz without provenance (based on a single individual "said to be from the upper Rio Purus"); M. G. M. van Roosmalen reported in 2003 that it had been observed by T. van Roosmalen on 21 June 2002, on the W bank of the Rio Purus, opposite the mouth of the Rio Sepatini, and noted that Hershkovitz was correct in supposing that it occurred between the rios Pauini and Tapaua, W of the Rio Purus. S. J. mura Rohe et al, 2009 — C Brazil (Amazonas State), interfluvium of the rios Madeira and Purus, S of the Rio Amazonas, probably S to the Rio Igapo-Acu. S. f. primitivus Hershkovitz, 1977 — W Brazil (Amazonas State), the distribution is believed to extend from the left bank of the Rio Pauini, along the left bank of the upper Rio Purus, N to the Rio Tapaua (right bank), as far W the right bank of the Rio Jurua, and the Rio Tarauaca.
Distribution. Ryukyu Is (Amami-Oshima, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabujima, Okinawajima, Kumejima, Ishigakijima, and Iriomotejima). There is a record of one individual captured on Jeju I (South Korea) regarded as a vagrant as well as an old record from Kii Peninsula (Honshu), but it now to be extinct there. in Miniopteridae
Distribution. Ryukyu Is (Amami-Oshima, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabujima, Okinawajima, Kumejima, Ishigakijima, and Iriomotejima). There is a record of one individual captured on Jeju I (South Korea) regarded as a vagrant as well as an old record from Kii Peninsula (Honshu), but it now to be extinct there.
FIGURE. Euphorbia guillemetii in cultivation in the National Tree Museum Gimborn, The Netherlands. A. branch showing the spines, leaves, and young brachyblasts; B, C. cyathium variation from different individuals; D. main stems. Credits: W.L.A. Hetterscheid. in Novelties in Malagasy Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)
FIGURE. Euphorbia guillemetii in cultivation in the National Tree Museum Gimborn, The Netherlands. A. branch showing the spines, leaves, and young brachyblasts; B, C. cyathium variation from different individuals; D. main stems. Credits: W.L.A. Hetterscheid.
Materials for "Shifts between cooperation and antagonism driven by individual variation: A systematic synthesis review"
<p>This contains a permanent record of dataset and analysis code for the study:</p> <p>Moran, N.P., Caspers, B.A., Chakarov, N., Ernst, U.R., Fricke, C., Kurtz, J., Lilie, N.D., Lo, L.K., Müller, C., Takola, E. and Trimmer, P.C., 2021. Shifts between cooperation and antagonism driven by individual variation: A systematic synthesis review. <em>Oikos</em>.</p> <p>Full data analysis records are available on: https://osf.io/9kfpc/</p> <p>This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 836937 (NPM). The Centre for Ocean Life is a VKR center of excellence supported by the Villum foundation. This research was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) as part of the SFB TRR 212 (NC<sup>3</sup>; project no. – 316099922, 396777092, 396777467, 396777869, 396779914, 396780003, 396780988, 396782445, 396782288, 396782608).</p>
Data from: The active mouse rests within: Energy management among and within individuals
<p>1. The relationship between daily energy expenditure (DEE) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) provides insight into how organisms allocate energy to maintenance <i>versus</i> energetically expensive activities such as locomotor activity.</p> <p>2. Three models have been devised to describe energy management: the allocation, independent, and performance models, which respectively predict a DEE-RMR slope of <i>b</i><1, <i>b</i>=1, and <i>b</i>>1.</p> <p>3. Here, we took paired repeated metabolic and behavioural measurements in 51 female white-footed mice to 1) evaluate which energy management models apply at the among- and within-individual levels, and to 2) quantify the relationship between metabolic traits and two energetically expensive behaviours.</p> <p>4. The DEE-RMR slope was different at the among- <i>versus</i> within-individual levels, with values supporting the performance and allocation models at the among- and within-individual levels, respectively. Accordingly, the relationship between voluntary wheel running and RMR was positive at the among-individual level (<i>r</i><sub> </sub>= 0.40±0.21), but negative at the within-individual level (<i>r </i>= -0.23±0.10).</p> <p>5. To our knowledge, this is the first study to simultaneously partition the relationship between RMR and behaviour at the among- <i>versus</i> within-individuals levels while determining which energy management models apply at each of these levels. In doing so, we have identified a mechanism through which compensation occurs at the within-individual level.</p>
Neuromodulation of premotor and posterior parietal cortices for enhancing explicit motor sequence learning in healthy individuals: a randomized, sham-controlled crossover trial
<p>Data collected and analysed in the manuscript '<strong>Neuromodulation of premotor and posterior parietal cortices for enhancing explicit motor sequence learning in healthy individuals: a randomized, sham-controlled crossover trial', </strong>by Russo et al. PPCR. The Principles and Practice of Clinical Research, 2021</p>
Additional data, Table 2. — Forewing and proboscis lengths (cm) in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. – first 35 lines: MNHN specimens. – lines 36 (Ranomena) to 43 (Lakato): RCPB. – lines 44 (Ranomafana) to 47 (Amber Mountain): CJHL. – line 55 (female from Ranomafana) and last five lines: NHMUK. – last 30 lines: individuals captured and released by DCL, except for the six NHMUK specimens. in A new taxonomic status for Darwin's "predicted" pollinator: Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. (Lepidoptera Sphingidae Sphinginae)
Additional data, Table 2. — Forewing and proboscis lengths (cm) in Xanthopan praedicta stat. nov. – first 35 lines: MNHN specimens. – lines 36 (Ranomena) to 43 (Lakato): RCPB. – lines 44 (Ranomafana) to 47 (Amber Mountain): CJHL. – line 55 (female from Ranomafana) and last five lines: NHMUK. – last 30 lines: individuals captured and released by DCL, except for the six NHMUK specimens.
Individual-based eco-evolutionary models for understanding adaptation in changing seas
<p>As climate change threatens species' persistence, predicting the potential for species to adapt to rapidly changing environments is imperative for the development of effective conservation strategies. Eco-evolutionary individual-based models (IBMs) can be useful tools for achieving this objective. We performed a literature review to identify studies that apply these tools in marine systems. Our survey suggested that this is an emerging area of research fueled in part by developments in modeling frameworks that allow simulation of increasingly complex ecological, genetic, and demographic processes. The studies we identified illustrate the promise of this approach and advance our understanding of the capacity for adaptation to outpace climate change. These studies also identify limitations of current models and opportunities for further development. We discuss three main topics that emerged across studies: 1) effects of genetic architecture and non-genetic responses on adaptive potential; 2) capacity for gene flow to facilitate rapid adaptation; and 3) impacts of multiple stressors on persistence. Finally, we perform a set of simple simulations to demonstrate the approach and provide a framework for users to explore eco-evolutionary IBMs as tools for understanding adaptation in changing seas.</p>
Influence of number of individuals and observations per individual on a model of community structure
<p>Social network analysis is increasingly applied to understand animal groups. However, it is rarely feasible to observe every interaction among all individuals in natural populations. Studies have assessed how missing information affects estimates of individual network positions, but less attention has been paid to metrics that characterize overall network structure such as modularity, clustering coefficient, and density. In cases such as groups displaying fission-fusion dynamics, where subgroups break apart and rejoin in changing conformations, missing information may affect estimates of global network structure differently than in groups with distinctly separated communities due to the influence single individuals can have on the connectivity of the network. Using a bat maternity group showing fission-fusion dynamics, we quantify the effect of missing data on global network measures including community detection. In our system, estimating the number of communities was less reliable than detecting community structure. Further, reliably assorting individual bats into communities required fewer individuals and fewer observations per individual than to estimate the number of communities. Specifically, our metrics of global network structure (i.e., graph density, clustering coefficient, R<sub>com</sub>) approached the 'real' values with increasing numbers of observations per individual and, as the number of individuals included increased, the variance in these estimates decreased. Similar to previous studies, we recommend that more observations per individual should be prioritized over including more individuals when resources are limited. We recommend caution when making conclusions about animal social networks when a substantial number of individuals or observations are missing, and when possible, suggest subsampling large datasets to observe how estimates are influenced by sampling intensity. Our study serves as an example of the reliability, or lack thereof, of global network measures with missing information, but further work is needed to determine how estimates will vary with different data collection methods, network structures, and sampling periods.</p>
Data for: Telomere length is highly repeatable and shorter in individuals with more elaborate sexual ornamentation in a short-lived passerine
<p>Quantifying an individual's state as fitness proxy has proven challenging, but accumulating evidence suggests that telomere length and attrition may indicate individual somatic state and success at self-maintenance, respectively. Sexual ornamentation is also thought to signal phenotypic quality, but links between telomeres and sexual ornamentation have been little explored. To address this issue, we examined whether telomere length and dynamics are predicted by the expression of a sexually selected ornament, the length of the outermost tail feathers (streamers), using longitudinal data from a population of European barn swallows (Hirundo rustica). In 139 adult individuals, each measured twice, we further assessed associations of telomere length with age, sex, breeding status and survival. Telomere length showed high individual repeatability (R = 0.97) across years while shortening with age in both sexes. Telomere length and dynamics were not significantly associated with survival to the next year, remaining lifespan, or reproduction status (comparing breeding and non-breeding yearlings). Tail streamer length, a sexually selected trait in barn swallows, was negatively associated with telomere length, independent of sex. Thus, telomere length may reflect the costs of carrying an elaborated sexual ornament, although ornament size did not significantly predict telomere shortening. In conclusion, telomere length in adult barn swallows is a highly consistent trait that shows a negative relationship with sexual ornamentation, suggesting a trade-off between sexual ornamentation and telomere length.</p>
JULIELab/MEmoLon (Individual Lexicons)
<p>A more conveniently formatted version of the emotion lexicons presented in our <a href="https://aclanthology.org/2020.acl-main.112/">ACL 2020 paper</a>. Different from the <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3756607">original record</a>, in this record here, each lexicon is compressed into a <em>seperate</em> ZIP-file so that it can be downloaded individually. This record only contains the 'MTL_grouped' version of the lexicons. (This version has been used in the majority of the experiments in the paper.)</p> <p>The lexicons cover 91 languages in total. Each file name contains the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ISO_639-1_codes">ISO 639-1 code</a> of the respective language. For example, the English lexicon can be found in the file `en.tsv.zip`.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.