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Targets of Innovative Forms of Protests. From: October 19, 2020 – February 8, 2021.
<p>It was elaborated for the research project <em>Civil Disorder in Pandemic-ridden European Union</em>. The latter was financially supported by the National Science Centre, Poland [grant number 2021/43/B/HS5/00290].</p>
Figure 1 in Resolving the taxonomic status of Ctenomys paramilloensis (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae), an Andean nominal form from Mendoza Province, Argentina
Figure 1: Map of Mendoza province (A–B) and study area (red square in B; C) showing the distribution of the new samples (black squares; B–C) of C. mendocinus obtained in this study and previous Ctenomys records (white circles; B) recovered within C. mendocinus clade. Numbers (B–C) correspond to terminals of C. mendocinus clade in Figure 3. Elevation gradient is represented in the bottom panel.
Figure 3 in Resolving the taxonomic status of Ctenomys paramilloensis (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae), an Andean nominal form from Mendoza Province, Argentina
Figure 3: Phylogenetic placement of Ctenomys specimen from the Sierra de Uspallata (indicated in bold) based on the 50 % majority-rule consensus tree from BI analyses. Black circles denote nodes that are strongly supported by both BI and ML analyses; gray circles indicate nodes that are moderately supported by either BI or ML (threshold values indicated).
Figure 2 in Resolving the taxonomic status of Ctenomys paramilloensis (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae), an Andean nominal form from Mendoza Province, Argentina
Figure 2: Photographs of the study area showing the same type of habitat of Paramillos de Uspallata (A) and Portillo de Bonilla (B–C) and active burrows of Ctenomys in foreground. (D) Specimen (CMIN 81) captured at Portillo de Bonilla.
Data Extraction Form - Systematic Mapping Study of AxC Multipliers
<p>Data Extraction Form used to record the mapped publications to address the research questions from a systematic mapping study of approximate multipliers design.</p>
Table 1 and Figure A.1 for Observational studies on S-bearing molecules in massive star forming regions
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Impact of format on comprehension of economic evaluations. The FORM-EE Study.
<p><strong>Technical notes and documentation</strong></p> <p>This publication contains the databases used in the paper for FORM-EE project (general public and professionals), R analysis script for reproducibility purposes, questionnaires used and formats presented to the target audience (infograhic, text and video for the general public; policy brief and executive summary for professionals).</p> <p><strong>Aims of FORM-EE project:</strong></p> <p>Cost-effectiveness analyses of health technologies have become a part of the decision-making process in healthcare policies. Nevertheless, economic results are not always presented in comprehensible formats for non-technical audiences, such as the general population, healthcare professionals or decision-makers. The main objective of the FORM-EE Project was to measure the impact of the format on comprehension of the key messages of an economic evaluation by non-technical audiences. Besides, the perceived usefulness and acceptability of the formats were also explored. The design of the formats reflected the target audience: for the general public, plain language was used in infographic, text and video format, while for professionals from the healthcare sector, more specialized language was used in executive summary and policy brief formats. </p> <p>Files included in this publication:</p> <ul> <li>FORM-EE datos pobl gral.xlsx (general population dataset)</li> <li>FORM-EE datos profesionales.xlsx (professionals dataset)</li> <li>Cuestionario FORM-EE Poblacion gral.pdf (general population questionnaire)</li> <li>Cuestionario FORM-EE Profesionales.pdf (professionals questionnaire)</li> <li>FORM-EE_pg_infografia.pdf (infographic format)</li> <li>FORM-EE_pg_texto-sencillo.pdf (text format)</li> <li>FORM-EE_pg_video.mp4 (video format)</li> <li>FORM-EE_prof_policybrief.pdf (policy brief format)</li> <li>FORM-EE_prof_resumen-ejecutivo.pdf (executive summary format)</li> </ul> <p><strong>What's new (v2)</strong></p> <ul> <li>Script FORM-EE clean_v2.R (updated analysis script made in R language)</li> <li>Formats translation FORM-EE.pdf (english translations of the formats)</li> </ul>
Dataset for: Root exudates simultaneously form and disrupt soil organo-mineral associations
<p>Dataset for the publication:</p> <p>Shabtai, I.A., Hafner, B.D., Schweizer, S.A. <em>et al.</em> Root exudates simultaneously form and disrupt soil organo-mineral associations. <em>Commun Earth Environ</em> <strong>5</strong>, 699 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01879-6</p>
FIGURE 6. Echinothrix calamaris. Color morphotypes. A. Black and white spine form. B. White spine form. C in New Ecological Observations and Occurrence for Asteroidea and Echinoidea in Hong Kong
FIGURE 6. Echinothrix calamaris. Color morphotypes. A. Black and white spine form. B. White spine form. C. Banded spine form. Photographer: Sam King Fung Yiu.
Data from "A Wideband Chemical Survey of Massive Star-forming Regions at Subarcsecond Resolution with the Submillimeter Array"
<p>Continuum-subtracted and non-continuum-subtracted measurement sets ("[SOURCE]_[RECEIVER]_[SIDEBAND].ms.[contsub].tar.gz"), line image cubes ("[SOURCE]_[RECEIVER]_[SIDEBAND]_[SPW]_cube.fits"), and continuum images ("[SOURCE]_[FREQ]_continuum.fits") associated with Law et al., 2024, "A Wideband Chemical Survey of Massive Star-forming Regions at Subarcsecond Resolution with the Submillimeter Array," accepted to ApJS.</p> <p>The measurement sets are listed according to receiver (RX240, RX345) and sideband (LS, US), while the line image cubes are further sub-divided into four separate spectral windows (0-3) for each receiver and sideband combination. All images are contained in the per-source directories ("[SOURCE]_images.tar.gz").</p> <p>The raw data are available on the SMA archive via project codes 2018B-S023 and 2019A-S006 (PI: C. Law).</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Molecular gas budget of strongly magnified low-mass star-forming galaxies at cosmic noon Appendix
<p>Appendix of the article Molecular gas budget of strongly magnified low-mass star-forming galaxies at cosmic noon by V. Catán et al.</p>
Data from: Xianella: a new mat-forming calcified cyanobacterium from the Middle–Late Ordovician of North China
Xianella hongii gen. et sp. nov. is described from the Middle–Late Ordovician of Shaanxi, China and interpreted as a calcified cyanobacterial sheath. Xianella filaments formed cable-like strands that constructed thick fenestral layers. The specimens occur in metre-sized limestone blocks, possibly derived from local collapse of a reefal platform margin. In combination with micrite, some of which is intraclastic and peloidal, Xianella created thick and extensive stacks of layered calcified fenestral fabric that appear to be synsedimentarily calcified open-frame mat deposits. The fenestrae range from small, laminose and very irregular, to large equidimensional areas ~2 cm across. Fenestrae with rounded outlines resemble primary gas bubbles observed in present-day microbial mats. These delicate fabrics are comparable in structure and quality of preservation with those of some Proterozoic silicified stromatolitic mats.
Data from: Reconstructing the origins of high-alpine niches and cushion life form in the genus Androsace s.l. (Primulaceae)
Relatively few species have been able to colonize extremely cold alpine environments. We investigate the role played by the cushion life form in the evolution of climatic niches in the plant genus Androsace s.l., which spreads across the mountain ranges of the Northern Hemisphere. Using robust methods that account for phylogenetic uncertainty, intraspecific variability of climatic requirements and different life history evolution scenarios, we show that climatic niches of Androsace s.l. exhibit low phylogenetic signal and that they evolved relatively recently and punctually. Models of niche evolution fitted onto phylogenies show that the cushion life form has been a key innovation providing the opportunity to occupy extremely cold environments, thus contributing to rapid climatic niche diversification in the genus Androsace. We then propose a plausible scenario for the adaptation of plants to alpine habitats.
Data from: Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Oral Health Literacy Assessment in Spanish and development of a shortened form of the instrument
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Oral Health Literacy Assessment in Spanish (OHLA-S) for the Brazilian-Portuguese language using robust analysis and with the results disclose possibilities to develop a shorter and more valid instrument. Methods: OHLA-S is an oral health literacy instrument comprising a word recognition section and a comprehension section. It consists of 24 dental words. It was translated into the Brazilian-Portuguese language (OHLA-B) and its psychometric properties were evaluated in a random sample of 250 adults aged 20–59 years. To assess the dimensionality and factor structure were tested by means of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Reliability was assessed using two indicators: Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega. Results: EFA and CFA demonstrated that the OHLA-B with 24 items did not present an adequate adjustment of the model, compromising its validity. In addition, reliability values at 0.50 for Cronbach's alpha and 0.67 for McDonald's omega were below the minimum acceptable rate of 0.70. As no support was found for the original structure, we decided to proceed with the withdrawal of individual items and successive reanalysis of the model until the indicators were adjusted in a shorter instrument. A new structure with 15 items produced an instrument with two dimensions and a better goodness of fit than the original instrument. The Alpha and Omega reliability index values increased to 0.83 and 0.80, respectively, and all scores were better in the OLHA-B with 15 items than in the instrument with 24 items. Conclusion: OLHA-B with the original structure composed by 24 items did not show acceptable construct validity. The shorter version with 15 items showed more promising results for assessing oral health literacy levels in the Brazilian population.
Data from: How predation shaped fish: the impact of fin spines on body form evolution across teleosts
It is well known that predators can induce morphological changes in some fish: individuals exposed to predation cues increase body depth and the length of spines. We hypothesize that these structures may evolve synergistically, as together, these traits will further enlarge the body dimensions of the fish that gape-limited predators must overcome. We therefore expect that the orientation of the spines will predict which body dimension increases in the presence of predators. Using phylogenetic comparative methods, we tested this prediction on the macroevolutionary scale across 347 teleost families, which display considerable variation in fin spines, body depth and width. Consistent with our predictions, we demonstrate that fin spines on the vertical plane (dorsal and anal fins) are associated with a deeper-bodied optimum. Lineages with spines on the horizontal plane (pectoral fins) are associated with a wider-bodied optimum. Optimal body dimensions across lineages without spines paralleling the body dimension match the allometric expectation. Additionally, lineages with longer spines have deeper and wider body dimensions. This evolutionary relationship between fin spines and body dimensions across teleosts reveals functional synergy between these two traits and a potential macroevolutionary signature of predation on the evolutionary dynamics of body shape.
Data from: The species richness pattern of vascular plants along a tropical elevational gradient and the test of elevational Rapoport's rule depend on different life‐forms and phytogeographic affinities
The research about species richness pattern and elevational Rapoport's rule (ERR) have been carried out mostly in the temperate regions in the recent years and scarcely in the tropical mountains; meanwhile, it is unclear whether the ERR is consistent among different life‐forms and phytogeographic affinities. Here, we compiled a database of plant species of Mount Kenya, a tropical mountain of East Africa, and divided these species into twelve groups depending on the life‐form and phytogeographic affinity of each species. We inspected the species richness pattern of each group along the elevation gradient and also tested ERR of each group using Stevens' method. Our results showed that species richness of the total species showed a positively skewed (hump‐shaped) pattern along the elevation gradient and different life‐forms and phytogeographic affinities showed similar hump‐shaped patterns as the total species. The average elevation range size of the total species and herbaceous species showed increasing patterns along the elevation gradient, while lycophytes and ferns, and woody species showed an obvious downward trend after peaking in the high elevation regions. We concluded that the widely distributed herbaceous species which also have broad elevation range sizes are more applicable to ERR, while the narrowly distributed woody species with small elevation range sizes occurring in the higher elevations could reverse ERR. Therefore, we concluded that the ERR is not consistent among different organisms in the same region.
Data from: The convergent evolution of snake-like forms by divergent evolutionary pathways in squamate reptiles
Convergent evolution of phenotypes is considered evidence that evolution is deterministic. Establishing if such convergent phenotypes arose through convergent evolutionary pathways is a stronger test of determinism. We studied the evolution of snake-like body shapes in six clades of lizards, each containing species ranging from short-bodied and pentadactyl to long-bodied and limbless. We tested whether body shapes that evolved in each clade were convergent, and whether clades evolved snake-like body shapes following convergent evolutionary pathways. Our analyses showed that indeed species with the same numbers of digits in each clade evolved convergent body shapes. We then compared evolutionary pathways among clades by considering patterns of evolutionary integration and shape of relationship among body parts, patterns of vertebral evolution, and models of digit evolution. We found that all clades elongated their bodies through the addition, not elongation, of vertebrae, and had similar patterns of integration. However, patterns of integration, the body parts that were related by a linear or a threshold model, and patterns of digit evolution differed among clades. These results showed that clades followed different evolutionary pathways. This suggests an important role of historical contingency as opposed to determinism in the convergent evolution of snake-like body shapes.
Data from: Sexual differences in head form and diet in a population of Mexican Lance-headed Rattlesnakes, Crotalus polystictus
Sexual dimorphism of phenotypic traits associated with resource use is common in animals, and may result from niche divergence between sexes. Snakes have become widely used in studies of the ecological basis of sexual dimorphism because they are gape-limited predators and their head morphology is likely to be a direct indicator of the size and shape of prey consumed. We examined sexual dimorphism of body size and head morphology, and sexual differences in diet in a population of Mexican lance-headed rattlesnakes, Crotalus polystictus, from the State of México, Mexico. Maximum snout–vent length of males was greater than that of females by 21%. Males had relatively larger heads, and differed from females in head shape after removing effects of head size. In addition, male rattlesnakes showed positive allometry in head shape: head width was amplified while snout length was truncated with increased head size. In contrast, our data did not provide clear evidence of allometry in head shape of females. Adults of both males and females ate predominately mice and voles; however, males also consumed a greater proportion of larger mammalian species, and fewer small prey species. The differences in diet correspond with dimorphism in head morphology, and provide evidence of intersexual niche divergence in our study population. However, because the sexes overlapped greatly in diet, we hypothesize that diet and head dimorphisms in C. polystictus are likely related to different selection pressures in each sex arising from preexisting body size differences rather than from character displacement for reducing intersexual competition.
FIGURE 4. Piezura pardalina ssp. pardalina Rondani. A. Male genitalia external structures, posterior. B. Male mesolobus, variant form. C. Female spermatheca. D. Female genitalia, ventral. E. Male sternite 5 in A taxonomic revision of Piezura Rondani (Diptera: Fanniidae)
FIGURE 4. Piezura pardalina ssp. pardalina Rondani. A. Male genitalia external structures, posterior. B. Male mesolobus, variant form. C. Female spermatheca. D. Female genitalia, ventral. E. Male sternite 5, ventral.
Data from: Population genomics of divergence among extreme and intermediate color forms in a polymorphic insect
Geographic variation in insect coloration is among the most intriguing examples of rapid phenotypic evolution and provides opportunities to study mechanisms of phenotypic change and diversification in closely related lineages. The bumble bee Bombus bifarius comprises two geographically disparate color groups characterized by red-banded and black-banded abdominal pigmentation, but with a range of spatially and phenotypically intermediate populations across western North America. Microsatellite analyses have revealed that B. bifarius in the USA are structured into two major groups concordant with geography and color pattern, but also suggest ongoing gene flow among regional populations. In this study, we better resolve the relationships among major color groups to better understand evolutionary mechanisms promoting and maintaining such polymorphism. We analyze >90,000 and >25,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms derived from transcriptome (RNAseq) and double digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD), respectively, in representative samples from spatial and color pattern extremes in B. bifarius as well as phenotypic and geographic intermediates. Both ddRAD and RNAseq data illustrate substantial genome-wide differentiation of the red-banded (eastern) color form from both black-banded (western) and intermediate (central) phenotypes and negligible differentiation among the latter populations, with no obvious admixture among bees from the two major lineages. Results thus indicate much stronger background differentiation among B. bifarius lineages than expected, highlighting potential challenges for revealing loci underlying color polymorphism from population genetic data alone. These findings will have significance for resolving taxonomic confusion in this species and in future efforts to investigate color-pattern evolution in B. bifarius and other polymorphic bumble bee species.
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.