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Fig. 6 in Endemic and cryptic: different biogeographic histories of three Italian blister beetles of the genus Meloe (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Meloinae: Meloini)

Fig. 6. Male habitus, doksal view, of %A) M. b. baudii, %B) M. b. glazunovi, and %C) M. scabriusculus. Scale bak 1 mm %https://inkscape.okg/it/).

Fig. 2 in Endemic and cryptic: different biogeographic histories of three Italian blister beetles of the genus Meloe (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Meloinae: Meloini)

Fig. 2. Multilocus %16S, COI, CA;, and 28S) phylogenetic tkee of Meloe %Eurymeloe). Topology cokkesponds to the maximum likelihood %ML) tkee. Clades ake indicated with letteks %a–t). Only suppokted values of nodes %UFBootstkap, UFB ≥ 95 ands SH-aLRT ≥ 80%; postekiok pkobability, PP ≥ 0.95) ake kepokted %SH-LRT/ UFB/PP).;ashes %–) indicate non-suppokted values. Clades of species that weke not the main focus of the study ake collapsed. Fok a non-collapsed veksion of the tkee, see Supplementaky Fig. S4 %https://inkscape.okg/it/).

Fig. 7 in Endemic and cryptic: different biogeographic histories of three Italian blister beetles of the genus Meloe (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Meloinae: Meloini)

Fig. 7.;oksal and latekal views of male genitalia: %A–C) M. b. baudii, %;–F) M. b. glazunovi, and %G–I) M. scabriusculus. Scale bak 0.5 mm %https://inkscape.okg/it/).

Fig. 5 in Endemic and cryptic: different biogeographic histories of three Italian blister beetles of the genus Meloe (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Meloinae: Meloini)

Fig. 5.;oksal and latekal views of male genitalia: %A–C) M. orobates %fkom: Sánchez-Vialas et al. 2022), %;–F) M. digiuliorum sp. n., %G–I) M. apenninicus, %J–L) M. rugosus. Scale bak 0.5 mm %https://inkscape.okg/it/).

Fig. 1 in Endemic and cryptic: different biogeographic histories of three Italian blister beetles of the genus Meloe (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Meloinae: Meloini)

Fig. 1. Italian endemic taxa of Meloe (Eurymeloe) %uppek kow) and theik type localities %lowek kow): %A) M. digiuliorium sp. nov.; %B) M. apenninicus; %C) M. b. baudii; %;) Abkuzzo, L'Aquila pkov., Ovindoli, Fkeddo Mt. westekn slope; %E) Sicily, Messina pkov., Cesakò, nk. Poktella di femmina mokta; %F) Abkuzzo, L'Aquila pkov., Cekchio, basal westekn slope of the Sikente Mt. Photo's ckedits: A, L. Spagoni; B–E, A. Ricceki; F, M.A. Bologna %https://inkscape.okg/it/).

Fig. 4 in Endemic and cryptic: different biogeographic histories of three Italian blister beetles of the genus Meloe (Coleoptera: Meloidae: Meloinae: Meloini)

Fig. 4. Male habitus, doksal view, of %A) M. orobates %fkom: Sánchez-Vialas et al. 2022), %B) M. digiuliorum sp. n., %C) M. apenninicus, %;) M. rugosus. Scale bak 1 mm %https://inkscape.okg/it/).

Fig. 6 in Unraveling the Myotis morass: ultraconserved-element analysis reveals introgression, cryptic diversity, and taxonomic trouble

Fig. 6. Proposed Introgression Pathways identified using quartet asymmetry tests. Sixty-three quartets indicated significant deviation from expectations under incomplete lineage sorting. Pathways are identified by letters with number of supporting quartets in parentheses. Branch lengths are time-calibrated as in Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 in Unraveling the Myotis morass: ultraconserved-element analysis reveals introgression, cryptic diversity, and taxonomic trouble

Fig. 5. Measures of population structure and diversity of the Nearctic Myotis species. (A) ASTRAL_I tree constructed from 2,615 UCE gene trees—dots indicate posterior probability (red> 0.9, blue = 1). (B) Principal component analysis of SNP loci from the UCE sequences—inset in B illustrates the amount of variance explained by PCs 1 to 11. (C) Map of sample collection locations. (D) Neighbor-joining tree constructed from SNPS. Colors in B–D are the same for each individual and are based on the first 3 components of the principal component analysis. Samples marked by * in A and D are individuals with discordant positions on the trees and are discussed further in the text.

Fig. 4 in Unraveling the Myotis morass: ultraconserved-element analysis reveals introgression, cryptic diversity, and taxonomic trouble

Fig. 4. Measures of population structure and diversity of the Neotropical "ruber group." (A) ASTRAL_I tree constructed from 2,615 UCE gene trees—dots indicate posterior probability (red> 0.9, blue = 1). (B) Principal component analysis of SNP loci from the UCE sequences—inset in B illustrates the amount of variance explained by PCs 1 to 11. (C) Map of sample collection locations. (D) Neighbor-joining tree constructed from SNPs. Colors in B–D are the same for each individual and are based on the first 3 components of the principal component analysis.

Fig. 3 in Unraveling the Myotis morass: ultraconserved-element analysis reveals introgression, cryptic diversity, and taxonomic trouble

Fig. 3. Measures of population structure and diversity of Neotropical "albescens group." (A) ASTRAL_I tree constructed from 2,615 UCE gene trees—dots indicate posterior probability (red> 0.9, blue = 1). (B) Principal component analysis of SNP loci from the UCE sequences—inset in B illustrates the amount of variance explained by PCs 1 to 11. (C) Map of sample collection locations. (D) Neighbor-joining tree constructed from SNPs. Colors in B–D are the same for each individual and are based on the first 3 components of the principal component analysis. Individuals indicated with colored symbols in A and D are individuals with discordant positions on the trees and are discussed further in the text.

Fig. 1 in Unraveling the Myotis morass: ultraconserved-element analysis reveals introgression, cryptic diversity, and taxonomic trouble

Fig. 1. (A) Myotis ASTRAL_S species tree inferred from 2,615 UCE gene trees. Pie charts show the percentage of trees supporting each of 3 possible quartet topologies. All branches received posterior probabilities> 0.90. All others indicated with dots. Colored bars on the right of the tree show

Fig. 2 in Unraveling the Myotis morass: ultraconserved-element analysis reveals introgression, cryptic diversity, and taxonomic trouble

Fig. 2. Comparison of tree conflict by marker for 3 broad phylogeographic Myotis groups: (A) Nearctic group; (B) Neotropical "albescens group"; (C) Neotropical "ruber group." This is a subset of individuals shown in Fig. 1A. For each group, the left tree displays the ASTRAL_I UCE phylogeny while the right displays the maximum likelihood Cyt b phylogeny. The same individuals are shown in each tree pair. Lines between trees denote notable topological differences between markers. Colors for highlighting by species are an approximated average color for that species as determined by the first 3 components of the PCAs shown in Figs. 3–5.

opennotspecifiedMay 2024View details →

TABLE 1 in A new cryptic species in Behria (Asparagaceae, Brodiaeoideae), from the Baja California peninsula, Mexico

TABLE 1. Behria populations measured. Specimens were deposited at the IBUG herbarium (acronym based on Thiers 2024).<table><tbody><tr><th>Population</th><th>Species</th><th>Longitude</th><th>Latitude</th><th>Elevation m</th><th>Annual precipitation (mm)</th><th>Voucher</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>1</th><td>B. leonis</td><td>-110.063017</td><td>23.810 359</td><td>435</td><td>414</td><td>E. Gándara et al. 3298</td></tr><tr><th>2</th><td>B. leonis</td><td>-109.985759</td><td>23.702 688</td><td>690</td><td>444</td><td>E. Gándara et al. 3299</td></tr><tr><th>3</th><td>B. leonis</td><td>-109.953751</td><td>23.692 257</td><td>853</td><td>458</td><td>E. Gándara et al. 3300</td></tr><tr><th>4</th><td>B. leonis</td><td>-109.927886</td><td>23.646 407</td><td>811</td><td>440</td><td>E. Gándara et al. 3301</td></tr><tr><th>5</th><td>B. tenuiflora</td><td>-110.230620</td><td>23.413 1490</td><td>4</td><td>134</td><td>E. Gándara et al. 3305</td></tr><tr><th>6</th><td>B. tenuiflora</td><td>-110.191888</td><td>23.431 7630</td><td>3</td><td>166</td><td>E. Gándara et al. 3306</td></tr><tr><th>7</th><td>B. tenuiflora</td><td>-109.640027</td><td>23.154 0417</td><td>110</td><td>288</td><td>E. Gándara et al. 3307</td></tr></tbody></table>

opennotspecifiedApr 2021View details →

FIGURE 4 in Spiranthes bightensis (Orchidaceae), a New and Rare Cryptic Hybrid Species Endemic to the U. S. Mid-Atlantic Coast

FIGURE 4. Comparative line drawing of S. cernua (A, B, G–K), S. bightensis (C, D, L–O), and S. odorata E, F, P–S) labella (A–F) and leaves (G–S). A. Pehr s.n., lectotype of Ophrys cernua (LINN!). B. Pace 615 (NY!). C. Pace 607 (NY!). D. Pace 608, holotype of S. bightensis (NY!). E. Pace 611 (NY!). F. Nuttall s.n., lectotype of Neottia odorata (PH!). G. Pehr s.n., lectotype of Ophrys cernua (LINN!). H. Stone 9462 (PH!). I. Long 15163 (PH!). J. Pace 615 (NY!). K. Pace 605 (NY!). L. Pace 608 (NY!). M. Austin s.n. barcode 01392822 (NY!). N. Long 5449 (PH!). O. Pintauro 9, 'Chadd's Ford' (NY!). P. Kral 62918 (SAT!). Q. Small 9284 (NY!). R. Pace 614 (NY!). S. Pace 611 (NY!). A. Drawn by A. Gray, published in Sheviak and Catling (1980), used with permission; B. & D. Drawn by Bobbi Angell, used with permission; F. Drawn by P. Catling, attached to Nuttall s.n., used with permission of Philadelphia Herbarium (PH) at The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University; all others drawn by M. Pace.

Figure 9 in Molecular analysis reveals a cryptic species of Chthamalus (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the Cape Verde Islands

Figure 9. Chthamalus stellatus reproduced from Southward (1976: fig. 1). Interior views of opercular plates from different localities in the Mediterranean and East Atlantic. A, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France. B, Tantura, Israel. C, Tinside, Plymouth, UK. D, Azores, Portugal. E, F, Kerry Head, Ireland. G, Cape Verde Islands. H, Cape Cornwall, UK. J, Rame Head, Cornwall, UK. K, Brook, Isle of Wight, UK.

Figure 6 in Molecular analysis reveals a cryptic species of Chthamalus (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the Cape Verde Islands

Figure 6. Chthamalus sp. from Praia, Cape Verde. Cirri. A, cirrus I. B, cirrus II. C, cirrus III. D, cirrus IV. E, cirrus VI and penis. F, spines on anterior ramus of cirrus I. G, terminal articles of cirrus II. H, enlargement of setae of cirrus II; arrows indicate basal guards.

Figure 4. Shell and opercular valves. A in Molecular analysis reveals a cryptic species of Chthamalus (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the Cape Verde Islands

Figure 4. Shell and opercular valves. A, Chthamalus sp. from Praia, Cape Verde, top view. B–D, scutum and tergum inner view: B, Chthamalus sp. from Praia, Cape Verde; C, Chthamalus stellatus from Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands; D, C. stellatus from Biarritz, France. E, scutum and tergum outer view, Chthamalus sp. from Praia, Cape Verde.

Figure 11. A in Molecular analysis reveals a cryptic species of Chthamalus (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the Cape Verde Islands

Figure 11. A minimum variance principal coordinates analysis, based on the nuclear EF1 and NaKA genes, demonstrating the relationship between Cape Verde and ten other populations of Chthamalus stellatus.

Figure 3. Four dendrograms depicting the hierarchical relationship between the nine Chthamalus populations. A in Molecular analysis reveals a cryptic species of Chthamalus (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the Cape Verde Islands

Figure 3. Four dendrograms depicting the hierarchical relationship between the nine Chthamalus populations. A, Pearson's correlation coefficient with UPGMA amalgamation. B, modified Morisita's similarity coefficient with farthest neighbour amalgamation. C, squared Euclidean distance with minimum variance amalgamation. D, Manhattan distance with nearest neighbour amalgamation.

Figure 5 in Molecular analysis reveals a cryptic species of Chthamalus (Crustacea: Cirripedia) in the Cape Verde Islands

Figure 5. Chthamalus sp. from Praia, Cape Verde. Trophi. A, labrum and labial palp. B, Isolated labial palp. C, pair of maxillae. D, isolated maxilla. E, maxillule. F, mandible.