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Figure 4 from: Al-Ghamdi AH, Mohamed MZ, Elbadry RM, Fouad AA (2024) Kidney protective effect of sitagliptin in 5-fluorouracil-challenged rats. Pharmacia 71: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e114441
Figure 4 H&E (200×) of rat kidneys from: A. control showing normal renal histology; B, C. 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) group demonstrating marked distortion of kidney architecture, renal tubular necrosis and dilatation, desquamation of lining epithelium (black arrows), interstitial edema, areas of coagulative necrosis (white arrow), and inflammatory cell infiltration (black head); D, E. sitagliptin (SIT 5 mg/kg) + 5-FU and (SIT 10 mg/kg) + 5-FU, respectively, showing preservation of the normal kidney architecture; F. tubular injury score. *p < 0.05 vs. control, ≠p < 0.05 vs. 5FU. Results are mean ± S.E.M., n = 8, in each group.
Figure 2 from: Al-Ghamdi AH, Mohamed MZ, Elbadry RM, Fouad AA (2024) Kidney protective effect of sitagliptin in 5-fluorouracil-challenged rats. Pharmacia 71: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e114441
Figure 2 Effects of sitagliptin (SIT) treatment on malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in kidneys of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-challenged rats. *p < 0.05 vs. control, ≠p < 0.05 vs. 5-FU group. Results are mean ± S.E.M, n = 8, in each group.
Figure 3 from: Al-Ghamdi AH, Mohamed MZ, Elbadry RM, Fouad AA (2024) Kidney protective effect of sitagliptin in 5-fluorouracil-challenged rats. Pharmacia 71: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e114441
Figure 3 Effects of sitagliptin (SIT) treatment on: A. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor- κB p65 (NF-κB p65); B. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β); C. Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleaved caspases-3 in kidneys of 5-fluorouracil (5FU)-challenged rats. *p < 0.05 vs. control, ≠p < 0.05 vs. 5-FU group. Results are mean ± S.E.M, n = 8, in each group.
Figure 1 from: Al-Ghamdi AH, Mohamed MZ, Elbadry RM, Fouad AA (2024) Kidney protective effect of sitagliptin in 5-fluorouracil-challenged rats. Pharmacia 71: 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.71.e114441
Figure 1 Effects of sitagliptin (SIT) treatment on serum creatinine (Cr) and neutrophil gelatinaseassociated lipocalin (NGAL) of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-challenged rats. *p < 0.05 vs. control, ≠p < 0.05 vs. 5-FU group. Results are mean ± S.E.M, n = 8, in each group.
Current Challenges In School Administration: Developing Strategies For A Resilient Learning Environment
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EXPLORING THE SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND CULTURE: ROLE, CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
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Fig. 1 in Sixteen in One: White-Belted Megaselia Rondani (Diptera: Phoridae) From the New World Challenge Species Concepts
Fig. 1. Haplotype network and character summary for the Megaselia sulphurizona complex.
Multi-faceted Study on Microservices-Based IoT Systems Deployment: Challenges, Practices, and Performance Analysis
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Supplementary material 1 from: Matenaar D (2024) Application of extended depth of field 3D imagery to tackle the challenges of cryptic species: a use case in the genus Betiscoides Sjöstedt, 1924 (Orthoptera, Caelifera, Lentulidae) and its taxonomic implications. Evolutionary Systematics 8(1): 65-90. https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.8.117735
Specimens collections sites and Genbank Acc. numbers
Self-regulation in the peruvian mining industry: tackling the challenge of sustainable water management
<p>Ponencia - IV Congreso Latinoamericano de Marketing Social</p>
Fig. 4. Certesella larai n in Certesella larai (Amoebozoa: Arcellinida: Hyalospheniformes) a new soil testate amoeba species from the Dominican Republic and Chile challenges the definition of genera Certesella and Porosia
Fig. 4. Certesella larai n.sp. scanning electron microscopy images showing the overall shape, the chitinous rim of the pseudostome, the detail of an elongated pore and the plates (presumably recycled from euglyphid testate amoebae) covering the shell.
Myopic Maculopathy Analysis Challenge Dataset
<p>The dataset used in the Myopic Maculopathy Analysis Challenge (MMAC).</p> <p>If you use this dataset for your research, please cite our paper:</p> <p>@article{qian2024competition,<br>title={A competition for the diagnosis of myopic maculopathy by artificial intelligence algorithms},<br>author={Qian, Bo and Sheng, Bin and Chen, Hao and Wang, Xiangning and Li, Tingyao and Jin, Yixiao and Guan, Zhouyu and Jiang, Zehua and Wu, Yilan and Wang, Jinyuan and others},<br>journal={JAMA ophthalmology},<br>volume={142},<br>number={11},<br>pages={1006--1015},<br>year={2024},<br>publisher={American Medical Association}<br>}</p>
Figure 29 in What is a 'strong' synapomorphy? Redescriptions of Murray's type species and descriptions of new taxa challenge the systematics of Hypsibiidae (Eutardigrada: Parachela)
Figure 29. Caudal sculpturing of Platicrista nivea sp. nov. (paratypes, PCM). Scale bars: 20 μm.
The Ripple Effect of Vulnerabilities in Maven Central: Prevalence, Propagation, and Mitigation Challenges
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GPTs are not the Silver Bullet: Performance and Challenges of using GPTs for Security Bug Report Identification – Supplementary Material
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Not real or too soft? On the challenges of publishing interdisciplinary software engineering research (supplementary material)
<p>Supplementary material for paper "Not real or too soft? On the challenges of publishing interdisciplinary software engineering research" (ICSE 2025 SEIS track).</p>
Challenges in Radiation Protection for the Environment and Non-Human Biota
<p>ICRP publication 108 introduced the concept of Reference Animals and Plants (RAPs) for environmental radiation protection. This was in analogy to the use of a Reference Person in radiation protection for human individuals and makes use of endpoints such as mortality and reproductive success of these reference organisms to evaluate the potential negative effects of radiation on an ecosystem. However, it is widely recognized that an ecosystem cannot be completely described as a simple collection of organisms, and complex properties emerge from the interaction of its individuals. Therefore, the individual organism approach based on the human model might not be enough for radiation protection of ecosystems. A more holistic approach might be warranted, with more appropriate endpoints such as diversity and changes in ecosystem balance.</p> <p>Bacteria and other unicellular organisms were not included among the reference organisms due to their high resistance to radiation. However, recent studies have shown that low radiation doses can have a wide range of effects on bacteria, from inducing stress to enhancing growth and changing composition of bacterial communities, and potentially inducing resistance to antibiotics. This suggests that smaller organisms should not be ignored when considering environmental radiation protection, and on the contrary, could even serve as a tool to monitor ecosystem health and response to radiation.</p> <p>Moreover, the 12 Reference Animals and Plants chosen came mainly from temperate climates in northern regions and might not be representative for other types of ecosystems. Information on more reference organisms might be necessary for other types of ecosystems but not readily available for quick reference. The environmental radiation protection community could benefit from a collaborative database with curated information on different organisms, as is already done in several fields in biology and life sciences. A document could then be developed with guidance on how to decide local dose criteria based on key radiobiological data of representative organisms in a local ecosystem. An open database that aggregates relevant data would additionally facilitate application of machine learning techniques to the highly complex problem of evaluating the potential impact of radiation in an ecosystem.</p>
Floodwater Detection Challenge Training Data
<p>NA</p>
DevOps Education: An Interview Study of Challenges and Recommendations
<p>Over the last years, the software industry has adopted several DevOps technologies related to practices such as continuous integration and continuous delivery. The high demand for DevOps practitioners requires non-trivial adjustments in traditional software engineering courses and educational methodologies. This work presents an interview study with 14 DevOps educators from different universities and countries, aiming to identify the main challenges and recommendations for DevOps teaching. Our study identified 83 challenges, 185 recommendations, and several association links and conflicts between them. Our findings can help educators plan, execute and evaluate DevOps courses. They also highlight several opportunities for researchers to propose new methods and tools for teaching DevOps.</p>
Data from: Sixteen in one: white-belted Megaselia Rondani (Diptera: Phoridae) from the New World challenge species concepts
<p>We review the species of <i>Megaselia</i> similar to <i>M. sulphurizona </i>Borgmeier. A close examination of <i>M. sulphurizona</i> indicates that its current concept includes at least 16 species, 15 of which- <i>M. albizona, M. borealizona, M. colombizona, M. cryptizona, M. danizona, M. guanizona, M. marizona, M. nivizona</i>, <i>M. oklizona, M. paulizona, M. reductizona, M. solizona</i>, <i>M</i>. <i>tropizona</i>, <i>M. wendizona</i>, and <i>M. winnizona</i> are described as new, based primarily on molecular data. The identity of the holotype of the species <i>M. sulphurizona</i> is clarified through wing vein morphometrics. Two of the new species, <i>Megaselia albizona </i>and<i> M. cryptizona, </i>are<i> </i>the 47<sup>th</sup> and 48<sup>th</sup> new species of phorid fly described from the BioSCAN project, an urban biodiversity study in Los Angeles, California, USA.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.