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opennotspecifiedJun 2022View details →

Fig. 1 in The influence of geography in the cranial diversification of the bulldog bats of the genus Noctilio (Noctilionidae: Chiroptera)

Fig. 1 Sampling localities (symbols) included and distribution of subspecies proposed by Davis (1973, 1976) (shaded area), for N. leporinus (a) and N. albiventris (b)

opennotspecifiedJun 2022View details →

Fig. 2 in The influence of geography in the cranial diversification of the bulldog bats of the genus Noctilio (Noctilionidae: Chiroptera)

Fig. 2 Configurations of landmarks (white dots) and semilandmarks (grey dots) used to describe the shape of a lateral view of the skull, b ventral view of the skull, and c lateral view of mandibles

Fig. 2 in A new Pipistrelle bat from the oceanic Island of Príncipe (Western Central Africa)

Fig. 2.—Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction based on the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (Cytb). Values above branches represent Bayesian posterior probabilities and values below branches are bootstrap values of maximum likelihood (support values <50 are not shown). The right column presents sequences GenBank accession numbers. The sequence JQ956446 is listed in GenBank as Pseudoromicia tenuipinnis but it was probably misidentified. See Table 1 for a complete list of the specimens used and main text for details of the molecular analyses.

opennotspecifiedJun 2022View details →

Fig. 6 in The influence of geography in the cranial diversification of the bulldog bats of the genus Noctilio (Noctilionidae: Chiroptera)

Fig. 6 Combined parsimony tree reconstructed from two molecular (numbers in grey squares) with the greatest morphological changes markers (COI and Cyt b) and geometric configurations of cranial char- from reconstructed ancestors were presented in deformation grids, acters, illustrating the position of subspecies and geographic groups and terminal branches with the largest morphological changes were within the genus Noctilio. The amount of morphological change on identified in grey. Clades suggested by previous molecular phylog- terminal branches was quantified as a Procrustes distance from the enies (Khan et al., 2014) are indicated with the following symbols: most recent common ancestors for the lateral view of the skull (above •= Leporinus 1, o = Leporinus 2, ⊠ = Albiventris 1, ◼ = Albiventris 2, branches) and the ventral view of the skull (below branches). Nodes ◻ = Albiventris 3 and ◩ = Albiventris 4

Fig. 6 in A new Pipistrelle bat from the oceanic Island of Príncipe (Western Central Africa)

Fig. 6.—(A) Detail of the upper incisors (top left) and drawings of the (a) lower incisors and (b) upper incisors (bottom) of the holotype of Pseudoromicia principis sp. nov. (EBD 17475M). Photograph by Joxerra Aihartza and drawings by Joaquín López-Rojas. (B) Details of the rhinarium of (c) the holotype of P. principis sp. nov. (EBD 17475M) and of (d) Nycticeinops happoldorum (ZFMK-MAM-2009.0029), from Hutterer et al. (2019). Photograph by Laura Torrent. (C) Drawing of the tragi of: (e) P. principis sp. nov. (EBD 17358M, paratype); (f) P. brunnea from Van Cakenberghe and Happold (2013) and (g) P. brunnea (DM13229) from Monadjem et al. (2013) and (D) dorsal and ventral views (from left to right) of bacula of: (h) P. principis sp. nov. (EBD 17358M, paratype); (i) P. rendalli from Hill and Harrison (1987); and (j) P. brunnea (DM13229) from Monadjem et al. (2013). Drawings of P. principis sp. nov. baculum by Joaquín López-Rojas.

Fig. 1 in A new Pipistrelle bat from the oceanic Island of Príncipe (Western Central Africa)

Fig. 1.—Map of Príncipe Island and distances to the mainland and other islands in the Gulf of Guinea (Bioko and São Tomé).

Fig. 5 in A new Pipistrelle bat from the oceanic Island of Príncipe (Western Central Africa)

Fig. 5.—(A) Dorsal; (B) lateral; (C) ventral; (D) apical (above), and basal (bellow) views of the baculum of the paratype Pseudoromicia principis sp. nov. (EBD 17358M). Photographs by Laura Torrent.

Fig. 4 in A new Pipistrelle bat from the oceanic Island of Príncipe (Western Central Africa)

Fig. 4.—Skull and mandible of the holotype of Pseudoromicia principis sp. nov. (EBD 17475M) in dorsal, ventral, lateral, front and back views as well as mandible top view. Photographs by Joxerra Aihartza.

Figure 9 in A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis

Figure 9. Dorsal and ventral views of the skins of the holotype of M. armiensis sp. n. (MSB 262089), M. pilosatibialis str.(TCWC 24101, paratype), and M. keaysistr. (MSB 70381). Scale bar = 10 mm.

Figure 8 in A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis

Figure 8. Dorsal (A) and ventral view (B) of the cranium,dorsal view of the mandible (C), and lateral view of the cranium (D) and mandible of the holotype of M. armiensis sp. n. (MSB 262089). Scale bar = 5 mm. Photograph taken by John Korbin (Sandia National Laboratory-New Mexico, USA).

Figure 7 in A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis

Figure 7. Adult female of Myotis armiensis sp. n. (QCAZ 17245) captured at Cabañas del Aliso, Cosanga, Napo Province, Ecuador. Photographed by Carlos Carrión Bonilla.

Figure 10 in A new bat species of the genus Myotis with comments on the phylogenetic placement of M. keaysi and M. pilosatibialis

Figure 10. Map of part of Central and South America showing localities examined for M. armiensis, with triangle (type locality) and distribution in Costa Rica, Panamá, and Ecuador with circles. See Appendix I for localities of examined in Panamá and Ecuador.

Fig. 5. Metacarpus I in Morphology of the hand skeleton of bats of the genus Noctilio (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae)

Fig. 5. Metacarpus I (left): dorsal and medial view N. leporinus (A–B); dorsal and medial view N. albiventris (I–J). Proximal epiphysis of metacarpus II (left): dorsal, lateral and medial view N. leporinus (C–E); dorsal, lateral and medial view N. albiventris (K–M). Proximal epiphysis of metacarpus III (left): dorsal, lateral and medial view N. leporinus (F–H); dorsal, lateral and medial view N. albiventris (N–P). Proximal epiphysis of metacarpus IV (left): dorsal, lateral and medial view N. leporinus (Q–S); dorsal, lateral and medial view N. albiventris (W–Y). Proximal epiphysis of metacarpus V (left): dorsal, lateral and medial view N. leporinus (T–V); dorsal, lateral and medial view N. albiventris (Z-BB). The arrows indicate the orientation of the bone: Pr: proximal, Di: distal. See Table 1 for abbreviations. Scales = 1 mm.

Fig. 4 in Morphology of the hand skeleton of bats of the genus Noctilio (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae)

Fig. 4. Magnum (left): lateral and medial view N. leporinus (A–B); lateral and medial view N. albiventris (G–H). Trapezium: lateral and medial view N. leporinus (C–D); lateral and medial view N. albiventris (I–J). Trapezoid: lateral and medial view N. leporinus (E–F); lateral and medial view N. albiventris (K–L). The arrows indicate the orientation of the bone: D: dorsal, P: palmar. See Table 1 for abbreviations. Scales = 1 mm.

Fig. 2 in Morphology of the hand skeleton of bats of the genus Noctilio (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae)

Fig. 2. Scaphocentralunate (left): dorsal, palmar, proximal and distal view N. leporinus (A–D); dorsal, palmar, proximal and distal view N. albiventris. The arrows indicate the orientation of the bone: D: dorsal, Di: distal, L: lateral, P: palmar. See Table 1 for abbreviations. Scales = 1 mm.

Fig. 3 in Morphology of the hand skeleton of bats of the genus Noctilio (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae)

Fig. 3. Cuneiform (left): dorsal and palmar view N. leporinus (A–B); dorsal and palmar view N. albiventris (F–G). Unciform: medial, lateral and palmar view N. leporinus (C–E); medial, lateral and palmar view N. albiventris (H–J). The arrows indicate the orientation of the bone: D: dorsal, Di: distal, P: palmar, Pr: proximal. See Table 1 for abbreviations. Scales = 1 mm.

Fig. 1 in Morphology of the hand skeleton of bats of the genus Noctilio (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae)

Fig. 1. Schematized of the left radius, carpus and metacarpus of Noctilio leporinus. Anterior, distal and posterior views of the radius (A–C); dorsal and palmar view of the carpus and proximal epiphyses metacarpi (D–E). See Table 1 for abbreviations. Unscaled.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2024View details →

Disentangling the seasonal effects of agricultural intensification on birds and bats in Mediterranean olive groves

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dryad32/100

Using mobile device built-in microphones to monitor bats: A new opportunity for large-scale participatory science initiatives

Here we present audio data collected in the study titled "Using mobile device built-in microphones to monitor bats: a new opportunity for large-scale participatory science initiatives", now accepted for publication in Biodiversity and Conservation (DOI: 10.1007/s10531-024-02818-9). Citizen science has become a crucial tool in biodiversity monitoring, often facilitated by the diffusion of mobile devices, such as smartphones and tablets. High costs of professional equipment often limit large-scale monitoring, particularly in bat monitoring programmes based on acoustic surveys. Here we present the potential of using mobile devices for bat monitoring, allowing for large-scale, volunteer-based monitoring programmes. We initially compared mobile devices' performance with a professional bat detector for recording low-frequency bat calls. We then conducted a citizen science pilot study to test the method's feasibility in a real-world setting, recording echolocation and social calls of nine European bat species. We found high similarity in spectrogram quality between calls recorded by mobile devices and professional bat detectors. However, differences in sound quality and effectiveness among mobile device brands and models were found. The citizen science pilot study tested 35 mobile device models, all of which effectively recorded bats. This study suggests that mobile devices could be an accessible, no-cost tool for large-scale bat monitoring. Incorporating mobile devices into existing monitoring networks or creating new dedicated programmes could not only enhance data collection, but also boost public knowledge and awareness about bats, ultimately promoting informed decision-making and better conservation strategies. To facilitate a comprehensive evaluation of the acoustic data quality achievable through the described method, we are providing access to all bat recordings collected via mobile devices during the study. These have been compiled into the compressed file named "mobile_device_recs.zip". For those seeking a quicker review, we recommend downloading the "Appendix_S6_recs.zip" file, which contains selected examples of echolocation or social calls from the nine bat species recorded during our research. Spectrograms of these example recordings are displayed in Appendix S6 of the published study.

opencc-zeroMar 2024View details →