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FIG. 12 in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 12. — Nematocarcinus sp., ovigerous, site Genesis, HOT 96, DS Nautile dive 1070, cl 21.4 mm (MNHN-Na 15763); A, third to fifth abdominal somites, lateral view (setae omitted); B, third abdominal somite, dorsal view; C, left fifth abdominal pleuron, lateral view; D, sixth abdominal somite, ventral view (setae omitted); E, posteroventral spots and posterior setal pits, ventral view. Scale bars: A, B, 5 mm; C, D, 2 mm; E, 1 mm.

FIG. 5. — Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 5. — Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n. sp., holotype subadult, Wormwood vent site, SEPR, cl 18.6 mm (MNHN-Na 15768), left thoracic appendages; A, third maxilliped, lateral view; B, tip of ultimate segment of third maxilliped, mesial view; C, distal two segments of third maxilliped, mesial view; D, first pereopod, lateral view; E, fingers of first pereopod, lateral view; F, second pereopod, lateral view; G, fingers of second pereopod, lateral view; H-J, third to fifth pereopods, lateral view. Scale bars: A, D, F, H-J, 5 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 2 mm; E, G, 1 mm.

FIG. 8. — Nematocarcinus ovalis n in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 8. — Nematocarcinus ovalis n. sp., holotype ovigerous, HOPE 99, stn 54803#3, NEPR, cl 27.5 mm (MNHN-Na 15765); A, rostrum, carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view (distal part of rostrum, left eye and distal part of left antennal scale broken off; carapace somewhat deformed, thus dorsal notch more accentuated than real); B, anterior part of carapace, rostrum and cephalic appendages, lateral view; C, third abdominal somite to telson and left uropod, lateral view; D, posterior part of fifth abdominal somite and sixth somite, ventral view; E, telson, dorsal view. Scale bars: A-C, 5 mm; D, E, 2 mm.

FIG. 1 in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 1. — Map of the East Pacific and Antarctic Pacific Rises, showing sampling locations of specimens of Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n. sp., N. ovalis n. sp., and an indeterminate species.

FIG. 11 in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 11. — Nematocarcinus faxoni Burukovsky, 2001, paratype, off Marias Island, Mexico, cl 25.6 mm (USNM 21139); A, rostrum, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view; B, posterior part of fifth abdominal somite and sixth somite, ventral view (setae omitted); C, posteroventral spots and posterior setal pits on sixth abdominal somite, ventral view; D, posterior part of right fifth abdominal pleuron, ventral view. Scale bars: A, 5 mm; B, 2 mm; C, D, 1 mm.

FIG. 10. — Nematocarcinus ovalis n in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 10. — Nematocarcinus ovalis n. sp., holotype ovigerous, HOPE 99, stn 54803#3, NEPR, cl 27.5 mm (MNHN-Na 15765); A, right third maxilliped, lateral view; B, right first pereopod, lateral view; C, merus and ischium of left second pereopod, lateral view; D, chela and carpus of left second pereopod, lateral view; E, merus and ischium of right third pereopod, lateral view; F, dactylus, propodus and carpus of right third pereopod, lateral view. Scale bar: 5 mm.

FIG. 4. — Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 4. — Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n. sp., holotype subadult, Wormwood vent site, SEPR, cl 18.6 mm (MNHN-Na 15768), appendages dissected from left; A, mandible, dorsal view; B, same, ventral view; C, same, distal part of molar process, dorsal view; D, maxillule, ventral view (coxal endite partly broken); E, maxilla, ventral view; F, first maxilliped, ventral view (coxal endite broken); G, second maxilliped, ventral view; H, antenna, ventral view; I, prominences on sixth to eighth thoracic sternites, ventral view; J, appendix masculina and appendix interna of second pleopod, mesial view; K, posterolateral part of exopod of uropod, dorsolateral view. Scale bars: A-D, J, 0.5 mm; E-I, 2 mm; K, 1 mm.

FIG. 3. — Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 3. — Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n. sp., holotype subadult, Wormwood vent site, SEPR, cl 18.6 mm (MNHN-Na 15768); A, rostrum and carapace, lateral view (setae omitted); B, rostrum, anterior part of carapace and cephalic appendages, lateral view; C, posterior part of third abdominal somite to telson and left uropod, lateral view; D, sixth abdominal somite and posterior part of pleuron of fifth somite, slightly obliquely ventral view (setae omitted); E, telson, dorsal view; F, posterior part of telson, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, C, 5 mm; B, D, E, 2 mm; F, 1 mm.

FIG. 6. — Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n in Two new species of Nematocarcinus A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea, Nematocarcinidae) from hydrothermal vents on the North and South East Pacific Rise

FIG. 6. — Nematocarcinus burukovskyi n. sp., holotype subadult, Wormwood vent site, SEPR, cl 18.6 mm (MNHN-Na 15768); A, third abdominal somite, dorsal view; B, left fifth pleuron, lateral view (setae omitted); C, right fifth pleuron, lateral view; D, epipod on third maxilliped, lateral view; E, chela of first pereopod, lateral view; F, I, J, dactyli and propodi of third to fifth pereopod, lateral view; G, dactylus and distal part of propodus of third pereopod, lateral view (dorsodistal distal setae propodus omitted); H, dactylus of third pereopod, dorsal view; K, dactylus and distal part of propodus, proximolateral view; L, dactylus of fifth pereopod, dorsal (extensor) view. Scales: A, B, C, 2 mm; E, F, I, J, 1 mm; G, D, H, K, L, 0.5 mm.

Figure 4 in Phylogeny and biogeography of African Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae), with emphasis on endemic species of the great East African lakes

Figure 4. Biogeographical hypothesis of the evolutionary history of the African Biomphalaria species. A, Pliocene– Pleistocene dispersal of a Biomphalaria glabrata-like snail into western Africa where the ancestral African Biomphalaria evolved, probably similar to Biomphalaria camerunensis/Biomphalaria pfeifferi. B. pfeifferi colonized most of the sub- Saharan continent. The ancestral African Biomphalaria or a B. camerunensis/B. pfeifferi-like stock migrated to East Africa and evolved into a Biomphalaria angulosa-like species, which is ancestral to the choanomphala-group snails. Within this species group the Ugandan Biomphalaria sudanica and Biomphalaria alexandrina evolved with B. alexandrina subsequently migrating along the River Nile to eastern North Africa. The river Nile and the surrounding region is indicated in the small inset.

Figure 3 in Phylogeny and biogeography of African Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae), with emphasis on endemic species of the great East African lakes

Figure 3. Consensus cladogram resulting from the parsimony and maximum-likelihood analyses of the combined matrix (16S, cytochrome oxidase subunit I, COI, and internal transcribed spacer I, ITS1). maximum-parsimony (MP) bootstrap values greater than 50% are positioned below the nodes, and the posterior probabilities from the Bayesian inference analysis are placed above the nodes. Species icons represent the typical morphology of the species. Species without country nomination are from Uganda. The 'Nilotic species complex' first inferred by DeJong et al. (2001) is indicated by the vertical bar. Note the basal position of Biomphalaria angulosa to the Nilotic species complex. The weak bootstrap support of this complex in the parsimony analysis is a result of the close phylogenetic relationship with B. angulosa.

Figure 2 in Phylogeny and biogeography of African Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae), with emphasis on endemic species of the great East African lakes

Figure 2. Plots of transitions (TS) and transversions (TV) for Biomphalaria relative to the percentage sequence divergence (p-distance). The sliding window analysis for noncoding sequences and codon position for protein coding sequences are given in the insets. A, TS/TV plot of the partial sequence of the mitochondrial 16S gene. Regions with the most variation are identified in the sliding window analysis and correspond to loop regions in the secondary structure. B, TS/TV plot of the total internal transcribed spacer I (ITS1) gene that indicates a possible saturation. The sliding window analysis (inset) illustrates that the variation is not distributed uniformly across the sequence. C, TS/TV plot of the partial sequence of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI; primer pair LCO/HCO). The codon position plot is given in the inset. D, TS/TV plot of the partial sequence of COI (primer pair ASMIT 1/2). The codon position plot is given in the inset.

Figure A1 in Phylogeny and biogeography of African Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae), with emphasis on endemic species of the great East African lakes

Figure A1. Cladograms resulting from maximum-likelihood (ML) and maximum-parsimony (MP) analyses of the combined matrix and parsimony analyses of single-gene cladograms. Bootstrap support is indicated at the nodes. A, Consensus cladogram inferred from weighted and unweighted 16S by MP. B, Cladogram inferred from internal transcribed spacer I (ITS1) by MP. C, Cladogram inferred from cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) by MP (primer pair LCO/HCO). D, Cladogram inferred from COI (primer pair ASMIT 1/2) by MP. E, Cladogram inferred from the combined data matrix by MP. F, Cladogram inferred from the combined data matrix by ML.

Figure 1 in Phylogeny and biogeography of African Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae), with emphasis on endemic species of the great East African lakes

Figure 1. Summary cladogram from DeJong et al. (2001) showing the relationships of the African Biomphalaria. Note the position of Biomphalaria stanleyi within Biomphalaria pfeifferi.

Figure 21. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 21. A, holotype of Guancha pellucida sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, habitus of a young specimen without a peduncle. os = osculum. Scale bar = 1 mm. C, triactine from the cormus. Scale bar = 100 µm. D, parasagittal triactine from the peduncle. Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 19. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 19. A, habitus of a fixed specimen of Guancha lacunosa. Scale bar = 1 mm. B, regular to parasagittal triactines from the cormus (tc) and parasagittal triactines from the peduncle (tp). Scale bar = 100 µm. C, large diactines with an angle in the middle region (ld) and small distorted diactines (sd), all from the peduncle. Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 15. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 15. A, Guancha blanca at 10 m depth. os = osculum. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, habitus of a fixed specimen. Scale bar = 1 cm. C, section through an ascon tube with mature oocytes (oc). Scale bar = 100 µm. D, slightly parasagittal triactine from the cormus. Scale bar = 100 µm. E, parasagittal triactines from the peduncle. Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 13. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 13. A, fixed specimens of Guancha arnesenae sp. nov. H = holotype. Scale bar = 1 cm. B, parasagittal triactines from the cormus (tc) and from the peduncle (tp). Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 11. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 11. A, large specimen of Clathrina septentrionalis at 3 m depth. Note the large oscular tubes (os). Scale bar = 1 cm. B, holotype of Clathrina septentrionalis. os = osculum. Scale bar = 1 cm. C, spicules of C. septentrionalis. tr = regular triactines and te = regular tetractines. Scale bar = 100 µm. D, apical actine of a tetractine (ap). Scale bar = 100 µm.

Figure 3. A in Calcareous sponges of the genera Clathrina and Guancha (Calcinea, Calcarea, Porifera) of Norway (north-east Atlantic) with the description of five new species

Figure 3. A, Clathrina coriacea at 10 m depth. Scale bar = 5 cm. Note the many chimney-like oscula (arrow). B, habitus of a smaller fixed specimen. os = osculum. Scale bar = 1 cm. C, regular triactines from C. coriacea. Scale bar = 100 µm.