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Figure 3 in Dromaeosaurid crania demonstrate the progressive loss of facial pneumaticity in coelurosaurian dinosaurs

Figure 3. Craniofacial pneumaticity of Tsaagan. Skull (cast of IGM 100/1015) in (A, C) lateral and (B, D) medial views. Abbreviations: aofen, antorbital fenestra; aof, antorbital fossa; pneu fen, additional maxillary pneumatic fenestra; mf, maxillary fenestra; mx, maxilla; pmf, promaxillary fenestra; pmx, premaxilla. In (B), green is the additional maxillary pneumatic fenestra, blue is the maxillary fenestra, and yellow is the promaxillary fenestra.

Figure 9 in Dromaeosaurid crania demonstrate the progressive loss of facial pneumaticity in coelurosaurian dinosaurs

Figure 9. Ancestral state reconstruction of the presence of exterior nasal pneumatic foramina in coelurosaurs. Likelihood estimates for nodes represented by pie charts (blue = present, yellow = absent).

Figure 5 in Dromaeosaurid crania demonstrate the progressive loss of facial pneumaticity in coelurosaurian dinosaurs

Figure 5. Nasal pneumaticity in coelurosaurs. Nasals of (A) Velociraptor, (B) Deinonychus, (C) Tsaagan, (D) Gorgosaurus (cast), (E) Tyrannosaurus (cast of AMNH 5027) and (F) Tyrannosaurus (FMNH PR2081). Abbreviations: nf, neurovascular foramina; rs, rugose surface; nepf, exterior nasal pneumatic foramina. Photo of Deinonychus courtesy of the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology, Peabody Museum of Natural History.

Figure 4 in Dromaeosaurid crania demonstrate the progressive loss of facial pneumaticity in coelurosaurian dinosaurs

Figure 4. Reconstruction of the antorbital sinus in coelurosaurs. The second sentence in the figure caption should read: Skulls of (A) Velociraptor, (B) Tsaagan, (C) Tyrannosaurus, (D) Deinonychus, (E) Saurornithoides, and (F) Khaan. Antorbital sinus in blue, with location of the maxillary fenestra in black and promaxillary fenestra in yellow. Photo of Deinonychus courtesy of the Division of Vertebrate Paleontology, Peabody Museum of Natural History.

Figure 18 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 18. The strict consensus tree produced by phylogenetic analysis of the updated Upchurch et al. (2004a) data set. Bootstrap values are shown as percentages (nodes lacking percentages have bootstrap values of less than 50%). Bremer supports are shown in square brackets.

Figure 17 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 17. The strict consensus tree produced by phylogenetic analysis of the updated Wilson (2002) data set. Bootstrap values are shown as percentages (nodes lacking percentages have bootstrap values of less than 50%). Bremer supports are shown in square brackets.

Figure 15 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 15. Left femur (ZH-2) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus in: A, posterior; B, medial; and C, anterior views. Features observed in the femur: D, lateral bulge; E, head deflected medially; and F, bevelling of the distal end of the femur relative to the long axis of the shaft.

Figure 14 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 14. Right ischium (ZH-3) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus in: A, posterior; B, lateral views. Fragments of the left ischium (IG 492) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus: C, D, pubic peduncle in anterior (C) and lateral (D) views; E, F, iliac peduncle in dorsal (E) and lateral (F) views.

Figure 13 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 13. Right pubis (IG 489) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus in: A, medial; B, anterior; C, lateral; D, dorsal; E, ventral; and F, posterior views.

Figure 12. Right metacarpal II in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 12. Right metacarpal II (IG 486, rmc2) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus in: A, proximal; B, medial; C, dorsal; D, ventral; E, distal; and F, lateral views.

Figure 9 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 9. Right ulna (IG 483) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus in: A, posterior, B, ventral, C, anteromedial, and D, medial views. Right radius (IG 484) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus in: E, anterior, and F, posterior views.

Figure 10 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 10. Right carpal (IG 485) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus in: A, anterior, B, posterior, C, medial, D, lateral, E, ventral, and F, dorsal views. Comparison between different carpals: G, Aragosaurus; H, Turiasaurus; and I, Losillasaurus.

Figure 11. Right metacarpal I in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 11. Right metacarpal I (IG 486, rmc1) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus in: A, lateral; B, dorsal; C, ventral; D, distal; E, medial; and F, proximal views.

Figure 8 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 8. Right humerus (IG 490) of Aragosaurus ischiaticus: A, humerus (in three portions) in anterior view; B, picture of the humerus, after Lapparent (1960), in anterior view; C, proximal portion in posterior view; D, proximal portion in lateral view.

Figure 3 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 3. The 'Fault in the Zabacheras area' – Mesozoic syn-rift faults affecting the Villar del Arzobispo Formation ('Unit 2' and 'Unit 3') fossilized by the Castellar Formation ('Unit 4'). Abbreviations: U2, Villar del Arzobispo Formation dominantly carbonate facies; U3, Villar del Arzobispo Formation dominantly siliciclastic facies; U4, El Castellar Formation; U5, Camarillas Formation; ZH, Las Zabacheras site; black lines crossing U2 and U3, Mesozoic syn-rift faults; black lines perpendicular to the latter only in U2, Cenozoic faults; contact between U2 and U3, sedimentary contact; contact between units U3 and U4, unconformable contact; contact between units U4 and U5, sedimentary contact.

Figure 7 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 7. Pectoral girdle elements of Aragosaurus ischiaticus: A–D, left coracoid (IG 482) in lateral (A), ventral (B), medial (C), and anterior (D) views; E, right scapula (ZH-1) in medial view and partial left coracoid in lateral view; F, anatomical articulation between the coracoid and scapula in lateral view.

Figure 2 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 2. General stratigraphic section indicating the stratigraphic settings for localities in the Villar del Arzobispo Formation from Galve and the section of the Las Zabacheras site. Modified from Díaz-Molina & Yebenes (1987).

Figure 5 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 5. Dorsal ribs of Aragosaurus ischiaticus: A–D, anterior dorsal distal rib (IG 492 Uls) in lateral (A), posterior (B), medial (C), and distal (D) views; E–H, posterior dorsal distal rib (IG 481) in medial (E), posterior (F), lateral (G), and distal (H) views.

Figure 1 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 1. Geological map showing the locality where Aragosaurus was found in Spain. Modified from Díaz-Molina & Yebenes (1987), Soria de Miguel (1997), and with data from Peropadre, Meléndez & Liesa (2012): 1, Upper Triassic (Keuper facies); 2, Cortes de Tajuña, Cuevas Labradas and Barahona formations; 3, Turmiel Formation; 4, Chelva Formation; 5, Loriguilla Formation; 6, Higueruelas Formation; 7, Villar del Arzobispo Formation; 8, El Castellar Formation; 9, Camarillas Formation; 10, Artoles Formation; 11, Morella Formation; 12, Areniscas de las Parras de Martín Formation; 13, Utrillas Formation; 14, Upper Cretaceous; 15, Cenozoic; 16, Quaternary.

Figure 4 in The anatomy, phylogenetic relationships, and stratigraphic position of the Tithonian-Berriasian Spanish sauropod dinosaur Aragosaurus ischiaticus

Figure 4. Caudal vertebrae of Aragosaurus ischiaticus: A, the series of caudals in their relative positions from Cd1 to Cd14 in lateral view; B, C fragment (IG 453, Cd1) of anterior caudal vertebral centrum in anterior (B) and posterior (C) views; D, E, fragment (IG 474, Cd2) of anterior caudal vertebral centrum in lateral (D) and posterior (E) views; F, anterior caudal vertebral centrum (IG 473, Cd3) in anterior view from Lapparent (1960); G–I, anterior caudal vertebra (ZH- 18, Cd4) in left lateral (G), right lateral (H), and anterior (I) views; J–L, anterior caudal neural spine (IG 493, Cd1) in posterior (J), anterior (K), and lateral (L) views; LL, M, middle caudal vertebra (ZH-17, Cd 6) in left lateral (LL) and anterior (M) views; N, anterior caudal neural spine (IG 493, Cd1) in dorsal view; O, P, posterior caudal vertebra (ZH-15, Cd 10) in left lateral (O) and posterior (P) views; Q, distal caudal vertebrae (ZH-12 and 16, Cd 13 and 14) in left lateral view. Arrow 1: a bulge on the lateroventral surface below the caudal rib. Arrow 2: anterior caudal vertebrae possess neural spine summits with shallow, dorsolaterally facing concavities on either side of the midline. Arrow 3: small epipophysislike protuberances on the dorsal surfaces of middle caudal vertebral postzygapophyses.