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3,105 results for “Vegetation =”
Vegetation structure and soil chemistry on Hog Island, Northampton Co. Virginia, May/June 2012
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Microclimate and growth data under three vegetation manipulations with and without Morella cerifera seedlings and grass clipping on Hog Island, Virginia, 2018
These data represent the growth, physiology, and microclimate measurements of 30 Morella cerifera seedlings in a south Hog Island swale. There were three manipulations: shrub seedlings with intact grass canopy, shrub seedlings with grasses clipped, and plots with no shrub seedlings but an intact grass canopy. Measurements include shrub seedlings dimensions, and isotopic characterizations for N and C.
Vegetation Cover Permanent Plot Data : Biomass at Upper Phillips Creek marsh at the Virginia Coast Reserve 1990
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Vegetation Cover Permanent Plot Data: Bulk Density at Upper Phillips Creek marsh at the Virginia Coast Reserve 1990-1992
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Vegetation Cover Permanent Plot Data : Macroorganic Material at Upper Phillips Creek at the Virginia Coast Reserve 1990-1992
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Simulations from the CABLE-POP land surface model for the Vegetation Carbon Turnover Intercomparison
<p>Outputs from the CABLE-POP land surface model are provided for two global simulations. One forced by CRU-NCEP v7 climate data for the period 1901-2015 and one forced by bias-corrected IPSL-CM5A-LR RCP 8.5 climate data for the period 1901-2099. Landcover was fixed at 1700 values throughout the simulations. Both simulations are at 0.5 x 0.5 degree spatial resolution. Carbon turnover fluxes for live vegetation for each individual turnover-causing process in the model were outputted individually. For a full description of the simulations, please refer to the accompanying paper.</p>
Data used in "Evaluation of topography and vegetation coverage impacts on watershed-scale active layer freeze-thaw processes with a simple algorithm in permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau"
<p>This is the data used in the manuscript "Evaluation of topography and vegetation coverage impacts on watershed-scale active layer freeze-thaw processes with a simple algorithm in permafrost region on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau" (JGR earth surface 2020JF005564 ).</p>
Disentangling the regional climate impacts of competing vegetation responses to elevated atmospheric CO2
<p>The compressed file contains ModelE simulation outputs for experiments used in "Disentangling the regional climate impacts of competing vegetation responses to elevated atmospheric CO2". Included are simulations outputs specified in Table 1 of the paper:</p> <p>[CO<sub>2</sub>]_only: 2x[CO<sub>2</sub>]; natural vegetation with default LAI and conductance effects “off”</p> <p>[CO<sub>2</sub>]+Con: 2x[CO<sub>2</sub>]; natural vegetation with default LAI and conductance effects “on”</p> <p>[CO<sub>2</sub>]+LAI: 2x[CO<sub>2</sub>]; natural vegetation with enhanced LAI and conductance effects “off”</p> <p>[CO<sub>2</sub>]+LAI+Con: 2x[CO<sub>2</sub>]; natural vegetation with enhanced LAI and conductance effects “on”</p>
Effects of Vegetation Urban Street Canyons. Summer 2017 and Winter 2018 Experimental Campaigns
<p> </p> <p>This dataset contains the observations of air quality collected within two experimental campaigns conducted in summer 2017 (07 August 2017-26 September 2017) and winter 2018 (15 January 2018-15 February 2018) in two street canyons in the city of Bologna, to verify the effectiveness of vegetation in altering ventilation levels and pollutant concentration in real-world street canyons. The dataset also contains the meteorological data collected during non-synoptic periods, representing the ideal condition to assess the behavior of the local circulation and turbulence. The experimental field campaigns were setup under WP3 (“Planning and evaluation of PCS solutions”) and conducted under WP5 (“Monitoring and Evaluation of the Interventions”) of the iSCAPE project. Briefly, two parallel urban street canyons characterized by a different occurrence of vegetation, i.e. one almost free of vegetation (Marconi St.) and one with a tree line along both sides of the street (Laura Bassi St.), were instrumented for measurements of meteorology and turbulence variables at three height levels, while pollutant concentrations were monitored at ground level inside both canyons. This dataset is linked to the paper “Disentangling the effect of vegetation on ventilation and air quality in urban street canyons: the Bologna iSCAPE experimental campaigns” by Di Sabatino et al., which will be submitted for publication on “Science of the Total Environment” edited by Elsevier, and to the paper “Characteristic Scales for Turbulent Exchange Processes in a Real Urban Canopy” by Barbano et al., which is under review for publication on “Boundary-Layer Meteorology” edited by Springer. If you use this dataset for your research or work purposes, we ask that you acknowledge us in the use of your data, which can be done by including a proper citation in any documents or publications using these data.</p>
Supplementary material 3 from: Bieberich J, Feldhaar H, Lauerer M (2020) Micro-habitat and season dependent impact of the invasive Impatiens glandulifera on native vegetation. NeoBiota 57: 109-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.57.51331
Figure S1. Initial model of the piecewise structural equation modeling (SEM) for summer (A) and spring (B)
Supplementary material 4 from: Bieberich J, Feldhaar H, Lauerer M (2020) Micro-habitat and season dependent impact of the invasive Impatiens glandulifera on native vegetation. NeoBiota 57: 109-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.57.51331
Table S1. Result of the automated model selection approach identifying environmental variables that affected the cover of Impatiens glandulifera in summer 2016 and spring 2017
Supplementary material 7 from: Bieberich J, Feldhaar H, Lauerer M (2020) Micro-habitat and season dependent impact of the invasive Impatiens glandulifera on native vegetation. NeoBiota 57: 109-131. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.57.51331
Figure S3. Micro-habitat specific impact of I. glandulifera on the resident plant species composition
Pulse labelling of deep soil layers in forest with 13CH4: testing a new method for tracing methane in the upper horizons, understorey vegetation and tree stems using laserbased spectrometry
<p>Methane is one the main greenhouse gases and upland forests are one of its main biological sinks. However, vegetation could reduce this sink by allowing a direct path for the methane produced in deep soils to escape into the atmosphere. By tracing emissions with <sup>13</sup>CH<sub>4</sub>, we show for the first time that methane emitted by trees in upland forest could have a deep soil origin even though the soil is an overall methane sink. However, we found that the trees and understorey vegetation at our site had only a small impact on the methane budget.</p>
Supporting data for "Quantifying fluid retention due to natural vegetation in a forest floodplain analogue using the Aggregated Dead Zone (ADZ) dilution approach"
<p>Raw fluorescence data and derived flow metrics from experimental work undertaken in a hydraulic flume facility in support of the publication:</p> <p>"<strong>Quantifying fluid retention due to natural vegetation in a forest floodplain analogue using the Aggregated Dead Zone (ADZ) dilution approach"</strong></p> <p>Water Resources Research <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027070">https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027070</a> </p>
Data from: Immediate and carry-over effects of insect outbreaks on vegetation growth in West Greenland assessed from cells to satellite
Aim: Tundra ecosystems are highly vulnerable to climate change and climate-growth responses of Arctic shrubs are variable and altered by microsite environmental conditions and biotic factors. With warming and drought during the growing season, insect-driven defoliation is expected to increase in frequency and severity with potential broad-scale impacts on tundra ecosystem functioning. Here we provide the first broad-scale reconstruction of spatiotemporal dynamics of past insect outbreaks by assessing their effects on shrub growth along a typical Greenlandic fjord climate gradient from the inland ice to the sea. Location: Nuuk Fjord (64°30′N/51°23′W) and adjacent areas, West Greenland. Taxa: Great brocade (Eurois occulta L.) and grey willow (Salix glauca L.). Methods: We combined dendro-anatomical and remote sensing analyses. Time series of ring width and wood-anatomical traits were obtained from chronologies of > 40 years established from 153 individuals of S. glauca collected at nine sites. We detected anomalies in satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) related to defoliation and reconstructed past changes in photosynthetic activity across the region. Results: We identified outbreaks as distinctive years with reduced ring width, cell-wall thickness and vessel size, without being directly related to climate but matching with years of parallel reduction in NDVI. The two subsequent years after the defoliation showed a significant increase in ring width. The reconstructed spatiotemporal dynamics of these events indicate substantial regional variation in outbreak intensity linked to the climate variability across the fjord system. Main conclusions: Our results highlight the ability of S. glauca to cope with severe insect defoliation by changing carbon investment and xylem conductivity leading to high resilience and rapid recovery after the disturbance. Our multi-proxy approach allows us to pin-point biotic drivers of narrow ring formation and to provide new broad-scale insight on the C-budget and vegetation productivity of shrub communities in a widespread arctic ecosystem
Trade-off between vegetation type, soil erosion control and surface water in global semi-arid regions: A meta-analysis
<p>Soil erosion control and water resource protection can closely interact during restoration of terrestrial ecosystems. In semi‐arid ecosystems, an urgent issue is how vegetation restoration can achieve the goal of soil erosion mitigation and water conservation, which in turn, feeds back to ecosystem functioning.</p> <p>We reviewed 78 articles from 22 countries in semi‐arid areas to evaluate the effects of vegetation type (i.e. forest, grassland and scrubland) on runoff and sediment yields across different environmental conditions (i.e. vegetation coverage, rainfall intensity, slope gradient and soil texture).</p> <p>Our meta‐analysis shows that runoff and sediment reduction both increased as the vegetation coverage increased, and tended to be stable when vegetation coverage exceeded 60%. Vegetation provided a greater benefit for sediment reduction than for runoff control under intense rainfall. Grasslands were generally more effective in reducing sediment than other vegetation types. Forests, grasslands and scrublands were most efficient in soil erosion control on 20°–30°, 0°–25° and 10°–25° slopes respectively. Grasslands and scrublands generally performed better with respect to soil erosion control on moderately coarse soils, whereas forests were most effective on medium‐textured and moderately fine soils.</p> <p>Synthesis and applications. Effective restoration and soil erosion control in semi‐arid ecosystems strongly depends on the selection of vegetation type. Our study further indicates that, for land managers, it is critical to consider local slope, and soil texture, and maintain appropriate vegetation coverage to achieve ecosystem sustainability. Grasslands might be particularly suitable to optimize the trade‐off between soil erosion control and surface water resource in semi‐arid regions.</p>
Data from: Timing of vegetation sampling does not influence associations between visual obstruction and turkey nest survival in a montane forest
Evaluating relationships between ecological processes that occur concurrently is complicated by the potential for such processes to covary. Ground-nesting birds rely on habitat characteristics that provide concealment from predators; this protection often is provided by vegetation at the nest. Recently, researchers have raised concern that measuring vegetation at nest fate introduces a bias, as vegetation at successful nests is measured later in the growing season. This bias can lead to an erroneous conclusion that plant height is positively associated with nest survival. However, if the features that provide concealment are invariant during the incubation period, no bias should be expected, and the timing of measurement is less influential. We used data collected from 98 nests to evaluate whether there is evidence that such a bias exists in a study of wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) nesting in a forest ecosystem. We modelled nest survival as a function of visual obstruction and other covariates of interest. At unsuccessful nests, we collected visual obstruction readings at both the date of nest failure and the projected hatch date and compared survival estimates generated using both sets of vegetation data. In contrast to studies in other systems, we found little evidence that the timing of vegetation sampling influenced conclusions regarding the association between visual obstruction and survival; model selection and estimates of nest survival were similar regardless of when vegetation data were collected. The dominant hiding cover at most of our nests was provided by evergreen shrubs; slow growth of these plants likely prevent appreciable changes in visual obstruction during incubation. When considered with a growing body of literature, our results suggest that the influence of timing of sampling depends on the study system. When designing future studies, investigators should consider the structures that provide nest concealment and whether phenology is confounded with nest survival.
Phenological synchronization of seasonal bird migration with vegetation greenness across dietary guilds
<p>1. The seasonal movement of animals has been linked to seasonal variation in ecological productivity, and it has been hypothesized that primary consumers synchronize migration with vegetation phenology. Within temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, herbivorous bird species often track the phenology of vegetation greenness during spring migration. Phenological synchronization with vegetation greenness by migratory birds in other dietary guilds, across the full extent of their annual distributions during both spring and autumn migration, has not been explored.</p> <p>2. Here, we document population-level associations with a remotely sensed measure of vegetation greenness for 230 North American migratory bird species in seven dietary guilds across the full annual cycle using eBird occurrence information for the combined period 2006-2018.</p> <p>3. Evidence of phenological synchronization was strongest for omnivores, herbivores, herbivore-granivores, and granivores during spring and autumn migration, except for omnivores in the west during spring migration. Strong evidence of synchronization was also observed for insectivores during spring migration and carnivores during spring and autumn migration that migrated across the entire breadth of the continent. The level of evidence declined for insectivores in the west and east during spring migration, and for nectarivores in the west during spring and autumn migration. Limited evidence was also found for insectivores in the east during autumn migration, insectivores in the west and the center of the continent during spring and autumn migration, and carnivores in the west during spring migration. Carnivores in the west during autumn migration showed the weakest evidence of synchronization.</p> <p>4. We found broad support across an array of dietary guilds for phenological coupling between vegetation greenness and seasonal bird migration within North America. Our results highlight the potential for many migratory bird species to encounter phenological mismatches as vegetation phenology responds to climate change. Our findings emphasize the need to better understand the environmental cues that regulate migratory behavior across dietary guilds, consumer levels, and migration tactics.</p>
Data from: Does vegetation change over 28 years affect habitat use and reproductive success?
<p>Individuals should prefer and use habitats that confer high fitness, but habitat use is not always adaptive. Vegetation in natural landscapes changes gradually and the ability of species to adaptively adjust their habitat use to long-term changes is largely unstudied. We studied nest patch and territory use over 28 years in Orange-crowned Warblers (Oreothlypis celata) in a system that has undergone natural long-term changes in vegetation. Abundance of maple (Acer grandidentatum), its preferred nesting habitat, has gradually declined from 1987 to 2015. We examined whether habitat use and its fitness consequences changed as the availability of preferred habitat decreased. We used resource selection function models to determine changes over time in the probability of using a nest patch given available patches, and the probability of using a territory given available territories. We estimated nest survival to evaluate changes over time in the fitness consequences of nest patch use. We also compared habitat use (nest patch and territory) and fitness (nest survival) between areas with naturally reduced abundance of maple and experimentally increased abundance of maple (fenced areas). Nest patch use depended on maple abundance and did not change drastically across 28 years, even though the availability of preferred maple patches decreased over time. In contrast, nest survival tended to decrease over time. We did not see differences in nest patch use and nest survival between unfenced and fenced areas, unlike territory use, which increased with the abundance of maple in fenced areas and decreased in unfenced areas. Our study depicts one example of relatively unchanged habitat use in the face of decreased availability of preferred vegetation across years, with a resulting decrease in reproductive success. Investigating changes in habitat use and fitness consequences for animals exposed to long-term habitat change is necessary to understand adaptive behavioral responses. </p>
Data set: Burn severity and soil chemistry are weak drivers of early vegetation succession following a boreal mega-fire in a production forest landscape
<p>Data used in the analyses of the study. Data set on soil chemistry (pH, organic content, nutrient content), plots distance to the fire perimeter, and plant communities (vascular plants and bryophytes) recorded in permanent plots on clearcuts in a burn-severity gradient two and five years following a wildfire. Data collected from a 13000 hectare wildfire that occurred in 2014, in boreal southern Sweden. Calculated trait means from data bases, and plant community data from unburned plots from another study, are are also included here.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.