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Fig. 1 in Two new species of mud dragons (Scalidophora: Kinorhyncha) inhabiting a human-impacted mangrove from Mayotte (Southwestern Indian Ocean)

Fig. 1. Map showing the location of the study site in the Indian Ocean (A), the Comoros Archipelago (B), the Mayotte Archipelago (C) and the Chirongui Bay (D). An illustration of the study site structure is represented in the horizontal profile (E). The mangrove cover was mapped by photo-interpretation and manual digitizing by D. Cepeda using the Adobe® Photoshop CS6 software.

Fig. 2 in Two new species of mud dragons (Scalidophora: Kinorhyncha) inhabiting a human-impacted mangrove from Mayotte (Southwestern Indian Ocean)

Fig. 2. Line art drawing of Echinoderes cyaneafictus sp. nov. A: Ventral male overview; B: Dorsal male overview; C: Dorsal female overview of segments 10–11. D: Ventral female overview of segments 1–3. E: Dorsal female overview of segments 1–3. Abbreviations: dpl; dorsal placid; epo, enlarged pore; lat, lateral accessory tube; ldrss, laterodorsal rounded sensory spot; ldt, laterodorsal tube; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvgco1, lateroventral type 1 glandular cell outlet; mddss, middorsal droplet-shaped sensory spot; mdgco1, middorsal type 1 glandular cell outlet; mds, middorsal spine; mldss, midlateral droplet-shaped sensory spot; mvpl, midventral placid; pddss, paradorsal droplet-shaped sensory spot; pdgco1, paradorsal type 1 glandular cell outlet; ppf, primary pectinate fringe; ps; penile spine (followed by number of corresponding pair); S, segment (followed by number of corresponding segment); sddss; subdorsal droplet-shaped sensory spot; sdrss, subdorsal rounded sensory spot; slne, sublateral nephridiopore; sls, sublateral spine; te, tergal extension; tp, trichoscalid plate; vldss, ventrolateral droplet-shaped sensory spot; vmdss, ventromedial droplet-shaped sensory spot; vmgco1, ventromedial type 1 glandular cell outlet; vmrss, ventromedial rounded sensory spot.

Fig. 3 in Two new species of mud dragons (Scalidophora: Kinorhyncha) inhabiting a human-impacted mangrove from Mayotte (Southwestern Indian Ocean)

Fig. 3. Light micrographs of male holotype MNHN-623 Ma (A-B, D), and female paratype MNHN-602 Ma (C, E-F) of Echinoderes cyaneafictus sp. nov., showing trunk overview and details on the head, neck, and segments 1–8. A: Ventral trunk overview; B: Dorsal view on segments 1–4; C: Midlateral to ventrolateral view on left side of cuticular plates of segments 5–8; D: Ventral view on segments 1–4; E: Detail of elongated micropapillae sensory spot on segment 1; F: Mouth cone and introvert. Abbreviations: ba, bacteria; bs, basal sheath; dpl, dorsal placid; ep, distal end-piece; lat, lateral accessory tube; ldess, laterodorsal elongated micropapillae sensory spot; lvt, lateroventral tube; mds, middorsal spine; mvpl, midventral placid; oos, outer oral style; phc, pharyngeal crown; ppf, primary pectinate fringe; psc, primary spinoscalid; rsc, regular-sized scalid; sdess, subdorsal elongated micropapillae sensory spot; sls, sublateral spine; tsp, trichoscalid plate; vmess, ventromedial elongated micropapillae sensory spot; numbers after abbreviations indicates corresponding segment; glandular cell outlets are marked as continuous circles, and sensory spots as dashed circles/droplet-shaped figures.

Fig. 4 in Two new species of mud dragons (Scalidophora: Kinorhyncha) inhabiting a human-impacted mangrove from Mayotte (Southwestern Indian Ocean)

Fig. 4. Light micrographs of male holotype MNHN-623 Ma (B–C, E), male paratype MNHN-599 Ma (A), and female paratypes MNHN-602 Ma (D) and MNHN-616 Ma (F) of Echinoderes cyaneafictus sp. nov., showing trunk overview and details on the nephridiopore and segments 5–11. A: Ventral trunk overview; B: Dorsal view on segments 5–8; C; Dorsal view on segments 8–10; D: Lateral terminal and lateral accessory terminal spines; E: Ventral view on segments 10–11; F: Overview of nephridiopore in midlateral view. Abbreviations: epo, enlarged pore; f, female condition of sexually dimorphic character; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spines; lts, lateral terminal spines; m, male condition of sexually dimorphic character; mlne, midlateral nephridiopore; ppf, primary pectinate fringe; ps, penile spine; te, tergal extension; glandular cell outlets are marked as continuous circles, and sensory spots as dashed circles/droplet-shaped figures.

Fig. 8 in Two new species of mud dragons (Scalidophora: Kinorhyncha) inhabiting a human-impacted mangrove from Mayotte (Southwestern Indian Ocean)

Fig. 8. Light micrographs of male holotype MNHN-613 Ma (A–D), male paratype MNHN-642 Ma (E) and female paratype MNHN-637 Ma (F–G) of Echinoderes parthenope sp. nov. showing cuticular details of segments 8–11. A: Dorsal view of segments 8–9; B: Ventral view of segments 9–10; C: penile spines; D: dorsal view of segment 11; E: dorsal view of segments 10–11; F: ventral view of segments 10–11; G: ventral view of segments 10–11. Abbreviations: ce, cuticular extension; f; female condition of sexually dimorphic character; gco2, type 2 glandular cell outlet; go, gonopore; ldt, laterodorsal tube; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; m, male condition of sexually dimorphic character; ppf, primary pectinate fringe; pr, protuberance; ps, penile spine (followed by number of corresponding pair); se, sternal extension; te, tergal extension; glandular cell outlets are marked as continuous circles, and sensory spots as dashed circles/dropletshaped figures.

Fig. 5 in Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov., a new deep-sea representative of the enigmatic genus Ryuguderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida: Campyloderidae) from the Indian Ocean

Fig. 5. Light micrographs of female adult holotype NHMD-1174547 (A–E), female adult paratype NHMD-672705 (I) and male adult paratype NHMD- 672702 (F–H) of Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov., showing trunk cuticular details of segments 6–11. A: Middorsal to midlateral view of segment 8; B: right sternal plate of segment 8; C: midlateral to lateroventral view of segments 9–10; D: middorsal to laterodorsal view of segments 10–11; E: right sternal plates of segments 10–11; F: right sternal plates of segments 6–7; G: middorsal to laterodorsal view of segments 10–11; H: right sternal plates of segments 10–11; I: ventral view of segment 11. Abbreviations: go, gonopore; lane, lateral accessory nephridiopore; lds, laterodorsal spine; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral spine; mds, middorsal spine; mts, midterminal spine; po, pore; spf, secondary pectinate fringe; vmpa, ventromedial papilla; numbers after abbreviation indicate corresponding segment; glandular cell outlets are marked as continuous circles, and sensory spots as dashed circles.

Fig. 1 in Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov., a new deep-sea representative of the enigmatic genus Ryuguderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida: Campyloderidae) from the Indian Ocean

Fig. 1. Map with location of the sampling region (marked with a black star) offshore north-western Madagascar margin at the Mozambique Channel with detail of the studied area (marked with a red square) (A), and detailed bathymetry of the area where the new species was found (red triangle). Map courtesy of Dr Julie Tourolle, created with Globe©, IFREMER. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 2 in Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov., a new deep-sea representative of the enigmatic genus Ryuguderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida: Campyloderidae) from the Indian Ocean

Fig. 2. Line art drawing of Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov. based on type material. A: Dorsal female trunk overview; B: ventral female trunk overview; C: dorsal view of male segments 10–11; D: mouth cone external ring of outer oral styles. Abbreviations: dis, distal part (of outer oral style); dpl, dorsal placid; go, gonopore; lane, lateral accessory nephridiopore; las, lateral accessory spine; ldgco, laterodorsal glandular cell outlet; lds, laterodorsal spine; ldss, laterodorsal sensory spot; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvb, lateroventral blunt spine; lvgco, lateroventral glandular cell outlet; lvs, lateroventral spine; lvss, lateroventral sensory spot; mds, middorsal spine; mlss, midlateral sensory spot; mts, midterminal spine; mvpl, midventral placid; oos, outer oral style; po, pore; ppdss, paired paradorsal sensory spot; ppf, primary pectinate fringe; pro, proximal part (of outer oral style); S, segment (followed by number of corresponding segment); sdgco, subdorsal glandular cell outlet; sdss, subdorsal sensory spot; spf, secondary pectinate fringe; ts, trichoscalid; tsp, trichoscalid plate; updss, unpaired paradorsal sensory spot; vlgco, ventrolateral glandular cell outlet; vmgco, ventromedial glandular cell outlet; vmpa, ventromedial papilla; vmss, ventromedial sensory spot.

Fig. 3 in Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov., a new deep-sea representative of the enigmatic genus Ryuguderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida: Campyloderidae) from the Indian Ocean

Fig. 3. Light micrographs of female adult holotype NHMD-1174547 (A), female adult paratype NHMD- 672705 (E–G), male adult paratype NHMD-672702 (B, D), male pre-adult specimen NHMD-672704 (H), and J-2 juvenile specimen NHMD-67203 (C, I) of Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov., showing trunk cuticular overviews and details on head, neck and posterior trunk segments. A: Ventral trunk overview; B: Dorsal trunk overview; C: Ventral trunk overview; D: Outer oral styles; E: detail of the scalid internal septa (indicated with arrows); F: detail of a regularsized introvert scalid; G: Ventral neck view (arrows indicate the placid width at base); H: Dorsal view of segments 10–11; I: Ventral view of segments 8–10. Abbreviations: bs, basal sheath of scalid; dis, distal part (of outer oral styles); ep, end-piece of scalid; lds, laterodorsal spine; ltas, lateral terminal accessory spine; lts, lateral terminal spine; lvs, lateroventral spine; mds, middorsal spine; mts, midterminal spine; mvpl, midventral placid; pro, proximal part (of outer oral styles); numbers after abbreviation indicate corresponding segment.

Fig. 4 in Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov., a new deep-sea representative of the enigmatic genus Ryuguderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida: Campyloderidae) from the Indian Ocean

Fig. 4. Light micrographs of female adult holotype NHMD-1174547 (A, C–D, F–I) and female adult paratype NHMD-672705 (B, E) of Ryuguderes casarrubiosi sp. nov., showing trunk cuticular details of segments 1–7. A, B: Middorsal to laterodorsal view of segments 1–3 tergal plates; C: detail of the unpaired, paradorsal sensory spot of segment 4; D: detail of the paired paradorsal sensory spots of segment 6; E: ventral view of segments 1–3; F: middorsal to midlateral view of segments 4–5 tergal plates; G: lateroventral view of segments 5–6; H: midlateral to midventral view of segments 6–7 cuticular plates; I: right sternal plate of segment 6. Abbreviations: las, lateral accessory spine; lvb, lateroventral blunt spine; lvs, lateroventral spine; mds, middorsal spine; ppf, primary pectinate fringe; sp, sternal plate; spf, secondary pectinate fringe; tp, tergal plate; vmpa, ventromedial papilla; numbers after abbreviation indicate corresponding segment; glandular cell outlets are marked as continuous circles, and sensory spots as dashed circles.

FIGURE 7 in Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in western Indian Ocean members of the Chaerephon 'pumilus' complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the description of a new species from Madagascar

FIGURE 7. View of the ventrum of three individuals of Chaerephon atsinanana sp. nov. captured the same day and from the same colony at Andasibe, showing the range of variation in ventrum coloration (left to right): Male (FMNH 184504, RHF 068), female (FMNH 184506, RHF 070), and female (FMNH 184508, RHF 072).

FIGURE 6 in Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in western Indian Ocean members of the Chaerephon 'pumilus' complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the description of a new species from Madagascar

FIGURE 6. Lateral view of central portion of external right ear and antitragus of different Chaerephon spp.: A – C. atsinanana sp. nov. (FMNH 188144) from Madagascar: Province de Toamasina, Commune Anjiro, Marozevo; B – C. leucogaster (FMNH 188644) from Madagascar: Province d'Antsiranana, Nosy Komba, Ampangorinana; C – C. pumilus sensu stricto (BMNH 19.7.7.334) from Massawa, Eritrea, the type locality of this taxon.

FIGURE 3 in Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in western Indian Ocean members of the Chaerephon 'pumilus' complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the description of a new species from Madagascar

FIGURE 3. Different views of skull and mandible of an adult female C. 'pumilus' (eastern Madagascar, described herein as Chaerephon atsinanana sp. nov.) (left set - FMNH 185259, holotype, GSL = 17.0 mm) obtained at Farafangana; adult female C. pumilus sensu stricto (middle set - USNM 38032, GSL = 15.9 mm) collected at Massawa, Eritrea, which is the type locality of this species; and adult female C. leucogaster (right set - FMNH 185228, GSL = 15.4 mm) obtained from Manakara: upper row, dorsal and ventral views of crania and lower row pair, lateral view of crania and mandibles. Arrows indicate differences between the three taxa in the M3 hypoconal flange. (Photograph taken by John Weinstein, FMNH image.)

FIGURE 2 in Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in western Indian Ocean members of the Chaerephon 'pumilus' complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the description of a new species from Madagascar

FIGURE 2. Dendrogram based on analyses of 206 nucleotides of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene illustrating relationships between Chaerephon pumilus from the type locality of Massawa, Eritrea, and other Chaerephon clades: C. pumilus sensu lato (Tanzania), C. pumilus sensu stricto (Yemen), C. leucogaster (western Madagascar), C. pusillus (Aldabra), and C. 'pumilus' (eastern Madagascar, described herein as C. atsinanana sp. nov.). All sequenced individuals belonging to the above-mentioned taxa clustered into monophlyletic groups. Chaerephon chapini from mainland Africa, Mops leucostigma, and M. midas are used as outgroups. Nodal support is indicated according to the following analyses: Bayesian posterior probability in standard font (top), bootstrap value (1000 pseudo-replicates) for maximum parsimony analysis in bold font (middle), and neighbor-joining analysis underlined (bottom). Bootstrap values of less than 50% and posterior probabilities of less than 0.7 are not indicated.

FIGURE 1 in Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in western Indian Ocean members of the Chaerephon 'pumilus' complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the description of a new species from Madagascar

FIGURE 1. Distribution of Chaerephon 'pumilus' (described herein as C. atsinanana sp. nov.). Map to the left is of the eastern portion of Africa, the Comoros Archipelago, Aldabra, and Madagascar. The larger map to the right of Madagascar illustrates known collection localities of specimens of C. atsinanana (eastern Madagascar) and C. leucogaster. The two species occur in sympatry at Manakara.

FIGURE 5 in Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in western Indian Ocean members of the Chaerephon 'pumilus' complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the description of a new species from Madagascar

FIGURE 5. Tree based on analyses of 332 nucleotides of the mitochondrial D-loop illustrating relationships between 40 haplotypes of Chaerephon spp. with respect to the outgroup M. midas from Madagascar (haplotype 41). Nodal support is indicated according to the following analyses used: Bayesian posterior probability in standard font (top), bootstrap value (1000 pseudo-replicates) for maximum parsimony analysis in bold font (middle), and neighbor-joining analysis underlined (bottom). Bootstrap values of less than 50% and posterior probabilities of less than 0.7 are not indicated. Clade designations A, B, C2a, and C2b match those in Fig. 6. Chaerephon 'pumilus' from eastern Madagascar is described herein as C. atsinanana sp. nov.

FIGURE 4 in Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in western Indian Ocean members of the Chaerephon 'pumilus' complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the description of a new species from Madagascar

FIGURE 4. Tree based on analyses of 1031 nucleotides of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene illustrating relationships between 20 haplotypes of Chaerephon spp. with respect to the outgroups Mops leucostigma from Madagascar (haplotypes 22 and 23), M. midas from Madagascar (haplotype 21), and Otomops martiensseni from Kenya (haplotype 24). Nodal support is indicated according to the following analyses used: Bayesian posterior probability in standard font (top), bootstrap value (1000 pseudo-replicates) for maximum parsimony analysis in bold font (middle), and neighbor-joining analysis underlined (bottom). Bootstrap values of less than 50% and posterior probabilities of less than 0.7 are not indicated. Chaerephon 'pumilus' from eastern Madagascar is described herein as C. atsinanana sp. nov.

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FIGURE 4 in The taxonomy of Heteropanope indica De Man, 1887 from the Indian Ocean, with a note on Pilumnopeus pearsei (Rathbun, 1932) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 4. Pilumnopeus indicus (De Man, 1887) comb. nov., female (CW 18.1 mm CL 11.8 mm), ZRC 2017.1217, Peninsular Malaysia, A. overall dorsal habitus; B. dorsal view of carapace; C. frontal view of cephalothorax; D. right chela (outer view); E. left chela (outer view). Scale bars: A–D = 5.0 mm, E, F = 2.0 mm.

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FIGURE 7. Pilumnopeus pearsei Rathbun, 1932 in The taxonomy of Heteropanope indica De Man, 1887 from the Indian Ocean, with a note on Pilumnopeus pearsei (Rathbun, 1932) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Pilumnidae)

FIGURE 7. Pilumnopeus pearsei Rathbun, 1932, topotype male (CW 9.2 mm CL 7.2 mm), USNM 62910, Korea. A. left G1 (ventral view); B. distal part of left G1 (ventral view); C. distal part of left G1 (dorsal view); D. left G2; E. distal part of left G2. Scale bars: A = 0.5 mm; B, C = 0.2 mm; D = 0.25 mm; E = 0.1 mm.