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Fig. 4 in A study on benthic molluscs and stable isotopes from Kutch, western India reveals early Eocene hyperthermals and pronounced transgression during ETM2 and H2 events

Fig. 4 Relative abundance of mollusc fossils in different layers shown along with the lithostratigraphic column of unit 3

Fig. 2 in A study on benthic molluscs and stable isotopes from Kutch, western India reveals early Eocene hyperthermals and pronounced transgression during ETM2 and H2 events

Fig. 2 Lithostratigraphic section of the Umarsar mine as revealed from the 103 no. drill-core. The four informal units of the succession are marked. Relative quantities of amber, plant matter, pyrite and glauconite in different levels are indicated

Fig. 1 in A study on benthic molluscs and stable isotopes from Kutch, western India reveals early Eocene hyperthermals and pronounced transgression during ETM2 and H2 events

Fig. 1 Map of the study area in Kutch, India. a Map of India. b Position of the study area. c Location of the Umarsar and Panandhro mines. Nareda village, the type locality of the Naredi Formation is also shown

Fig. 8 X in A study on benthic molluscs and stable isotopes from Kutch, western India reveals early Eocene hyperthermals and pronounced transgression during ETM2 and H2 events

Fig. 8 X-ray diffractograms of a Aphrodina sp. b Claibornicardia sp. and c Caestocorbula sp. Aragonite (Ara) is detected in the composition of all the analysed bivalve genera. Blue lines indicate the obtained curves of the respective samples and green lines indicate the standard d-spacings of aragonite (based on Profex 5.0.2 software)

Fig. 1 in Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Two Species of the Genus Rhadinorhynchus (Palaeacanthocephala: Echinorhynchida) from the Western Pacific

Fig. 1. Line drawings of Rhadinorhynchus seriolae (Yamaguti, 1963). A, Whole body of a male (one of three specimens of ICHUM 8571); B, proboscis of a male (one of three specimens of ICHUM 8571); C, line drawings showing trunk spines in three specimens in ICHUM 8571, arrowhead indicates the border of two regions of trunk spines. Abbreviations: At, anterior testis; Cg, cement glands; Lm, lemniscus; Pb, proboscis; Pr, proboscis receptacle; Pt, posterior testis; Sp, Saefftigen's pouch.

Fig. 2 in Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Two Species of the Genus Rhadinorhynchus (Palaeacanthocephala: Echinorhynchida) from the Western Pacific

Fig. 2. Line drawings of Rhadinorhynchus laterospinosus Amin, Heckmann, and Ha, 2011. A, Whole body of a male (ICHUM 8572); B, proboscis of a male (ICHUM 8572); C, distribution of trunk spines (ICHUM 8575); D, female genital organ (ICHUM 8575). Abbreviations: At, anterior testis; Cb, copulatory bursa; Cg, cement gland; Pb, proboscis; Pr, proboscis receptacle; Pt, posterior testis; Ub, uterine bell; Ut, uterus; Vg, vagina.

Fig. 3. A in Morphological and Molecular Characteristics of Two Species of the Genus Rhadinorhynchus (Palaeacanthocephala: Echinorhynchida) from the Western Pacific

Fig. 3. A molecular phylogenetic tree reconstructed with maximum-likelihood method (ML). Nodal support values indicate bootstrap value (BS) by ML/Bayesian posterior probability (BPP) by Bayesian inference (BI). Where the trees drawn by ML and BI differ, BPP values are indicated by a hyphen "-".

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Fig. 2. Amrasca biguttula specimens from Puerto Rico. A in A new invasive pest in the Western Hemisphere: Amrasca biguttula (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Fig. 2. Amrasca biguttula specimens from Puerto Rico. A) Adult male dorsal view, B) adult male lateral view (scale bar = 1 mm), C) male genital capsule lateral view, D) male genital capsule ventral view, E) cleared male abdomen dorsal view, F) nymphs feeding on cotton, and G) adult on cotton.

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Fig. 1 in A new invasive pest in the Western Hemisphere: Amrasca biguttula (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae)

Fig. 1. Damage of Amrasca biguttula in cotton leaf: A) chlorosis and discoloration, B) reddening point, and C) burn areas.

FIG. 14 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 14. Cnidae of Actinostella flosculifera (Le Sueur, 1817). A, C, E, H, I, K, L, M, basitrichs; B, spirocysts; F, N, basitrichs S; D, G, J, P, p-mastigophore A; O, b-mastigophore; Q, p-mastigophore B1.

FIG. 8 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 8. Internal anatomy of Actinostella californica (McMurrich, 1893). A, longitudinal section of the distal column showing distal verrucae (v), vesicles (ve) in the marginal ruff, marginal sphincter muscle (s), and the fosse; B, cross section at the actinopharynx level showing cycles of mesenteries and siphonoglyphs (si); numbers between pairs of mesenteries indicate the corresponding cycle; C, detail of the endodermal marginal sphincter muscle; D, cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles; E, detail of developing oocytes (o); F, detail of a cross section showing the retractor (r) and parietobasilar (p) muscles; G, cross section of proximal end showing the basilar muscles (r). Abbreviations: b, basilar muscles; ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; o, oocytes; p, parietobasilar muscle; r, retractor muscle; s, sphincter; si, siphonoglyph; t, tentacle; v, verrucae; ve, vesicles. Scale bars: A, B, F, 0.5 mm; C–E, G, 0.1 mm.

FIG. 11 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 11. Internal anatomy of Actinostella digitata (McMurrich, 1893). A, longitudinal section of the distal column showing distal vesicles (ve) in the marginal ruff, marginal sphincter muscle (s), and the fosse; B, cross section proximal to the actinopharynx level showing cycles of mesenteries, and the siphonoglyph (si); numbers between pairs of mesenteries indicate the corresponding cycle; C, detail of verrucae (v) in distal column; D, cross section of a tentacle showing ectodermal longitudinal muscles; E, detail of developing spermatic cysts (sc); F, detail of a cross section showing the retractor (r) and parietobasilar (p) muscles; G, cross section of proximal end showing weak basilar muscles (b). Abbreviations: b, basilar muscles; ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; sc, spermatic cysts; p, parietobasilar muscle; r, retractor muscle; s, sphincter; si, siphonoglyph; t, tentacle; v, verrucae; ve, vesicles. Scale bars: A, F, 5mm; B–E, G, 1 mm.

FIG. 5 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 5. External and internal anatomy of the holotype of Asteractis bradleyi Verrill, 1869 (YPM-1009) (= Actinostella bradleyi). A, lateral view of holotype, showing the marginal ruff; B, oral view of holotype; C, detail of the pedal disc of holotype; D, longitudinal section of the distal column showing distal verrucae (v), vesicles (ve) in the marginal ruff, marginal sphincter muscle (s), and the fosse; E, detail of the endodermal marginal sphincter muscle; F, detail of the verrucae in the distal column; G, cross section at the actinopharynx level showing the directive mesenteries, retractor muscle (r), and siphonoglyphs (si); H, detail of a pair of mesenteries of the third cycle showing the parietobasilar muscle (p); I, longitudinal section of proximal end showing basilar muscles (b). Abbreviations: b, basilar muscle; f, marginal ruff; p, parietobasilar muscle; r, retractor muscle; s, sphincter; si, siphonoglyphs; v, verrucae; ve, vesicle. Scale bars: A–C, 5 mm; D–I, 0.5 mm.

FIG. 3 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 3. Internal anatomy of Actinostella bradleyi (Verrill, 1869). A, longitudinal section of the distal column showing distal verrucae (v), vesicles (ve) in the marginal ruff, marginal sphincter muscle (s), and the fosse; B, cross section at the actinopharynx level showing four cycles of mesenteries; numbers between pairs of mesenteries indicate the corresponding cycle; C, detail of the endodermal marginal sphincter muscle; D, cross section of a tentacle showing the ectodermal longitudinal muscles; E, detail of developing spermatic cysts (sc); F, detail of developing oocytes (o); G, detail of a cross section showing the retractor (r) and parietobasilar (p) muscles; H, cross section of proximal end showing the basilar muscles (b). Abbreviations: b, basilar muscles; ep, epidermis; ga, gastrodermis; me, mesoglea; o, oocytes; p, parietobasilar muscle; r, retractor muscle; s, sphincter; sc, spermatic cysts; t, tentacle; v, verrucae; ve, vesicles. Scale bars: A, B, G, H, 0.5 mm; C–F, 0.1 mm.

FIG. 12 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 12. Cnidae of Actinostella digitata (McMurrich, 1893). A, B, D, F, G, H, J, K, basitrichs; C, spirocysts; L, basitrichs S; E, I, N, p-mastigophore A; M, b-mastigophore; O, p-mastigophore B1. Capsules depicted in K and O were found only in type specimens.

FIG. 9 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 9. Cnidae of Actinostella californica (McMurrich, 1893). A, C, D, F, G, I, J, K, basitrichs; B, spirocysts; E, L, basitrichs S; H, N, p-mastigophore A; M, b-mastigophore; O, p-mastigophore B1.

FIG. 4 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 4. Cnidae of Actinostella bradleyi (Verrill, 1869). A, C, E, H, I, K, L, M, basitrichs; B, spirocysts; F, N, basitrichs S; D, G, J, P, p-mastigophore A; O, b-mastigophore; Q, p-mastigophore B1.

FIG. 6 in Revision of the genus Actinostella (Cnidaria: Actiniaria: Actinioidea) from tropical and subtropical western Atlantic and eastern Pacific: redescriptions and synonymies

FIG. 6. Cnidae of holotype of Actinostella bradleyi (Verrill, 1869) (YPM-1009). A, C, E, H, I, K, L, M, basitrichs; B, spirocysts; F, N, basitrichs S; D, G, J, P, p-mastigophore A; O, b-mastigophore.

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Fig. 6 in Eocene phymaraphiniid demosponges from South Western Australia: filling the gap

Fig. 6. Skeletal features of morphological variability of the phymaraphiniid sponge Pickettispongia tabelliformis (Chapmann and Crespin, 1934), from the Fitzgerald River National Park (A–D, Doyle Road; E–I, Hamersley River area), Australia, upper Eocene. A. Upper surface showing ectosomal discotriaenes; between them rhizoclone-like modified desmas are visible, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A839. B. General view of the choanosomal skeleton with canal openings, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A823. C. Detailed view of choanosomal skeleton surface showing trider desmas and their articulations, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A823. D. Surface of choanosomal skeleton showing trider with hemispherical central tubercle, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.A823. E. Slightly eroded surface of the choanosomal skeleton showing densely distributed canal openings, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.914. F. Details of triders showing variability in sculpture of desmas, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.825. G. Oblique view of triders showing articulations, ZPAL Pf. 14/st.914. H, I. Details of trider sculpture. H. ZPAL Pf. 14/st.914. I. ZPAL Pf. 14/st.913.