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155 results for “Breeding abundance”
Data from: Impact of urbanization on abundance and phenology of caterpillars and consequences for breeding in an insectivorous bird
Urbanization can have marked effects on plant and animal populations' phenology, population size, predator-prey interactions and reproductive success. These aspects are rarely studied simultaneously in a single system, and some are rarely investigated, e.g. how insect phenology responds to urban development. Here, we study a tri-trophic system of trees – phytophagous insects (caterpillars) – insectivorous birds (great tits) to assess how urbanization influences i) the phenology of each component of this system, ii) insect abundance and iii) avian reproductive success. We use data from two urban and two forest sites in Hungary, central Europe, collected over four consecutive years. Despite a trend of earlier leaf emergence in urban sites there is no evidence for an earlier peak in caterpillar abundance. Thus, contrary to the frequently stated prediction in the literature, the earlier breeding of urban bird populations is not associated with an earlier peak in caterpillar availability. Despite this the seasonal dynamics of caterpillar biomass exhibited striking differences between habitat types with a single clear peak in forests, and several much smaller peaks in urban sites. Caterpillar biomass was higher in forests than urban areas across the entire sampling period, and between 8.5 and 24 times higher during the first brood's chick-rearing period. This higher biomass was not associated with taller trees in forest sites, or with tree species identity, and occurred despite most of our focal trees being native to the study area. Urban great tits laid smaller clutches, experienced more frequent nestling mortality from starvation, reared fewer offspring to fledging age, and their fledglings had lower body mass. Our study strongly indicates that food limitation is responsible for lower avian reproductive success in cities, which is driven by reduced availability of the preferred nestling diet, i.e. caterpillars, rather than phenological shifts in the timing of peak food availability.
Black-tailed Godwit abundancies across key European breeding habitats
<p>The endangered continental Black-tailed Godwit (<em>Limosa limosa limosa</em>) is a migratory ground-nesting wader breeding in a wide variety of open, wet habitats across Europe. Conservation research has concentrated on the causes of population decline, but we know surprisingly little about whether any resources limit local breeding populations and, if so, whether these are resources for the adults or the chicks. We collected data from 63 key breeding sites in five countries across Europe to test whether, after correcting for differences in surveyed areas, the size of Godwit breeding populations was related to environmental variables (vegetation biomass, soil moisture) or food resources for adult birds (soil invertebrates) or chicks (vegetation dwelling arthropods) measured during different times of the reproductive cycle. We found the number of Godwit territories to be positively related to arthropod abundance during the chick-hatching period. We found additional, weaker support for a positive relation between Godwit territory numbers and the abundance of soil-dwelling invertebrates (mostly earthworms) at clutch laying, but not at chick-hatching. These relationships were observed across countries, while we found little support for relationships within countries, possibly due to the smaller range in conditions that exist within countries. Both vegetation growth and soil moisture weren't related to Godwit territory numbers. Our results suggest that food abundance for chicks, and to a lesser extent adult birds, are key factors determining the size of local Godwit breeding populations. Conservation management aiming to enhance local Godwit populations should therefore consider the impacts of management strategies on the arthropod prey of chicks.</p>
Data from: Supportive breeding boosts natural population abundance with minimal negative impacts on fitness of a wild population of Chinook salmon
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Data from: Impact of urbanization on abundance and phenology of caterpillars and consequences for breeding in an insectivorous bird
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Data from: Attributing changes in the distribution of species abundance to weather variables using the example of British breeding birds
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Black-tailed Godwit abundancies across key European breeding habitats
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Data from: Rapid plastic breeding response to rain matches peak prey abundance in a tropical savannah bird
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Data from: Habitat traits and species interactions differentially affect abundance and body size in pond-breeding amphibians
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Figures 3-5 from: França LF, Figueiredo-Paixão V, Duarte-Silva TA, Santos K (2020) The effects of rainfall and arthropod abundance on breeding season of insectivorous birds, in a semi-arid neotropical environment. Zoologia 37: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e37716
Figures 3-5 (3) Aerial arthropod biomass, (4) accumulated precipitation and (5) active brood patches, during 27 sampling events. Data recorded between October 2015 and October 2016, with 14-day intervals, in an area of seasonally dry Neotropical forest in northeastern Brazil. The biomass were converted to proportion using the ratio between abundance at each sampling event and total abundance during the study. Brood patch was converted to proportion using the ratio between individuals with brood patches and total individuals captured during a sampling event. *In one month, we had three, instead of two, monthly samplings as a result of the 14-day interval between samples.
Figures 1-2 from: França LF, Figueiredo-Paixão V, Duarte-Silva TA, Santos K (2020) The effects of rainfall and arthropod abundance on breeding season of insectivorous birds, in a semi-arid neotropical environment. Zoologia 37: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e37716
Figures 1-2 (1) Biomass and (2) number of arthropods recorded during 27 sampling events. Solid lines represent the aerial arthropods (windowpane trap and suction sampler), while dashed lines show terrestrial arthropod (pitfall trap). Data recorded between October 2015 and October 2016, with 14-day intervals, in an area of seasonally dry Neotropical forest, in northeastern Brazil. The abundance (biomass and number) were converted to proportion using the ratio between abundance at each sampling event and total abundance during the study. *In one month, we had three, instead of two, monthly samplings as a result of the 14-day interval between samples.
Data from: Nest survival in year-round breeding tropical Red-capped Larks (Calandrella cinerea) increases with higher nest abundance but decreases with higher invertebrate availability and rainfall
Nest survival is critical to breeding in birds and plays an important role in life-history evolution and population dynamics. Studies evaluating the proximate factors involved in explaining nest survival and the resulting temporal patterns are biased in favor of temperate regions. Yet, such studies are especially pertinent to the tropics, where nest predation rates are typically high and environmental conditions often allow for year-round breeding. To tease apart the effects of calendar month and year, population-level breeding activity and environmental conditions, we studied nest survival over a 64-month period in equatorial, year-round breeding red-capped larks Calandrella cinerea in Kenya. We show that daily nest survival rates varied with time, but not in a predictable seasonal fashion among months or consistently among years. We found negative influences of flying invertebrate biomass and rain on nest survival and higher survival of nests when nests were more abundant, which suggests that nest predation resulted from incidental predation. Although an increase in nest predation is often attributed to an increase in nest predators, we suggest that in our study, it may be caused by altered predator activity resulting from increased activity of the primary prey, invertebrates, rather than activity of the red-capped larks. Our results emphasize the need to conduct more studies in Afro-tropical regions because proximate mechanisms explaining nest predation can be different in the unpredictable and highly variable environments of the tropics compared with the relatively predictable seasonal changes found in temperate regions. Such studies will aid in better understanding of the environmental influences on life-history variation and population dynamics in birds.
Data from: Nest survival in year-round breeding tropical Red-capped Larks (Calandrella cinerea) increases with higher nest abundance but decreases with higher invertebrate availability and rainfall
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Thinned posterior distributions from Swiss Breeding Bird Atlas abundance models
<p><strong>Data & Format</strong></p> <p><em>Species Abundance Files</em>: All 71 species-specific .zip files posterior distributions of abundance from Swiss Breeding Bird Atlas abundance models (Knaus et al. 2018). For each species, there are posterior distributions for the 1993-1996 and the 2013-2016 atlas periods. These are thinned versions of the full posterior distributions (1500 samples) and have been masked to eliminate areas outside of the borders of Switzerland and Liechtenstein. Very low abundances (< 0.1) were set to 0 and unrealistically high abundances (> 0.99th quantile of predicted abundances, were set to the 99th quantile). All methods were in line with the best practices and published atlas products by the Swiss Ornihtological Institute. All .txt files contain coordinates of square kms throughout Switzerland, mean elevations within square kms, and 1500 samples of predicted abundance (all samples start with V). Files are named by species in german. </p> <p><strong>Swiss Breeding Bird Atlas Citation</strong></p> <p>Swiss Breeding Bird Atlas 2013-2016: Distribution and Population Trends of Birds in Switzerland and Liechtenstein (Schweizer Brutvogelatlas 2013-2016: Verbreitung und Bestandesentwicklung der Vögel in der Schweiz und im Fürstentum Liechtenstein). Knaus, P., Antoniazza, S., Wechsler, S., Guélat, J., Kéry, M., Strebel, N., and Sattler, T. 2018. Vogelwarte. Sempach, CH.</p>
Data from: Mismatches between breeding phenology and resource abundance of resident alpine ptarmigan negatively affect chick survival
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Genome-wide circRNA profiling reveals that circGAS2-2 are abundantly expressed and regulates myoblast proliferation in indigenous Chinese duck breed
GEO Series GSE152947. Anas platyrhynchos. 6 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.