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769 results for “CULTIVATE”
Classification and identification of pinecones mulching on blueberry cultivation based on crop leaf characteristics and hyperspectral data
<p><span>Supplementary Figure S1: Spectra preprocessing before and after.; Table S1: The evaluation results of the classification model of leaf growth and physiology.; Table S2: The evaluation results of the classification model of VIs.; Table S3: The evaluation results of the classification model of VNIR.; Table S4: The evaluation results of the classification model of SWIR.</span></p>
From weeds to natural enemies: Implications of weed cultivation and bio-pesticides for organic onion production
<p>Weed management is challenging for vegetable crops highly sensitive to weed competition, such as onions. Thrips (<em>Thysanoptera</em>: <em>Thripidae</em>) are major insect pests of onion, causing damage through feeding, and vector bacterial pathogens causing rot. Both thrips and their associated pathogens are known to survive on many weed species in onion growing regions. Combining weeding with bio-pesticides may synergistically manage thrips and disease by reducing disease prevalence and indirectly increasing onion yield. However, disturbances from weeding may negatively impact natural enemies. We estimate the effects of organic weed management and bio-pesticides on weed density, thrips and natural enemy activity, disease severity, and yield. The experiment was a randomized complete block design, with four replications of each weeding (control, tine-weeded 2x, tine-weeded 4x, and hand-weeded) and bio-pesticide (control, OxiDate 2.0, Serenade) combination. Arthropods were monitored using yellow sticky cards, and weed counts, marketable yield, and bulb rot prevalence were estimated. Hand-weeding resulted in the lowest weed density and thrips abundance. Additionally, hand-weeding produced 9x higher yield compared to all other treatments. Significant interactions were observed between tine-weeding and bio-pesticide treatments. Natural enemy abundance was slightly negatively impacted by weeding, dependent on year. DNA metabarcoding results show high parasitoid diversity in onion systems and strong reads for multiple genera containing important known biological control agents. Our study suggests hand-weeding is necessary in the southeast for maximum onion yield. Future research should focus on exploring the impact of management on natural enemy communities in onion systems at a large scale.</p>
Cultivating Leadership and Team Management Skills for Business Success
<p>In today's dynamic and competitive business landscape, effective leadership and proficient team management are fundamental pillars driving organizational success (Rahman, R. (2023). Leadership encompasses not only setting the vision and goals of an organization but also inspiring and empowering employees to achieve them (Rahman, R. (2023). Similarly, adept team management is crucial for harnessing the collective potential of individuals toward common objectives (Rahman, R. (2023). This introduction sets the stage for exploring the significance of honing leadership and team management capabilities in driving business success, drawing insights from scholarly literature on the subject.</p> <p> </p> <p>In the face of rapid technological advancements, evolving consumer preferences, and global market dynamics, businesses must navigate increasingly complex challenges. Effective leadership serves as the guiding force that steers organizations through uncertainty and change, while adept team management ensures that resources are optimally utilized and diverse talents are leveraged for maximum impact (Rahman, R. (2023). Moreover, in an era where employee engagement and retention are critical for sustained growth, leadership that fosters a culture of trust, collaboration, and innovation is indispensable ( Donaldson, G. (2006).).</p>
Chemical composition of main agricultural plastics articles used for protected cultivation systems: additive characterization
<p>The folder includes chromatographic and mass spectrometry data of the characterization of additives in agricultural plastics, including mulch films (coded as M), mulch fabrics (coded as C and GT), ropes (coded as R), irrigation tapes (coded as I), seed coatings (coded as O), feed sack (coded as K), bale knitted nets and silage nets (coded as S4), biodegradable shelters (coded as SH), ropes & twines for crop production (coded as R), plant tunnels (coded as L), fertilizers sacks (coded as K), silage film /coded as S1). Conventional polymers including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and biodegradable polymers (BIO) have been analyzed.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Dataset published in the article: "Electrospun poly(L-lactide-co-DL-lactide) nanofibrous scaffold as substrate for ex vivo limbal epithelial cell cultivation"
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fig. 3. – Papaver orientale L in The discovery and naming of Papaver orientale s.l. (Papaveraceae) with notes on its nomenclature and early cultivation
Fig. 3. – Papaver orientale L. Specimen annotated by P. Miller, (top line), undated.
Fig. 7 in The discovery and naming of Papaver orientale s.l. (Papaveraceae) with notes on its nomenclature and early cultivation
Fig. 7. – Lectotype of Papaver orientale L. in LINN. [© Linnean Society of London]
Fig. 8 in The discovery and naming of Papaver orientale s.l. (Papaveraceae) with notes on its nomenclature and early cultivation
Fig. 8. – Lectotype of Papaver pseudo-orientale (Fedde) Medw. in B. [© Botanisches Museum Berlin]
Data for: Modeling of spatial pattern and influencing factors of cultivated land quality based on spatial-temporal big data (PONE-D-21-21084R1)
<p>The quality of cultivated land determines the production capacity of cultivated land and the level of regional development, and also directly affects the food security and ecological safety of the country. This paper starts from the perspective of spatial pattern of cultivated land quality and uses spatial autocorrelation analysis to study the spatial aggregation characteristics and differences of cultivated land quality in Henan Province at the county level scale, and also uses bivariate spatial autocorrelation to analyze the influence of neighboring influences on the quality of cultivated land in the target area. The spatial autoregressive model was used to further analyze the driving factors affecting the quality of cultivated land, and the influence of cultivated land area index was coupled in the process of rating analysis, which was finally used as a basis to propose more precise measures for the protection of cultivated land zoning. The results show that: (1) The quality of cultivated land in Henan Province has a strong spatial correlation (global Moran's I≈0.710) and shows an obvious aggregation pattern in spatial distribution; positive correlation types (high-high and low-low) are concentrated in north-central and western mountainous areas of Henan Province, respectively; negative correlation types are discrete. The negative correlation types are distributed in a discrete manner. (2) The bivariate spatial autocorrelation results show that Slope (Moran's I≈-0.505), Irrigation guarantee rate (IGR, 0.354), Urbanization rate (-0.255), Total agricultural machinery power (TAMP, 0.331) and Pesticide use (0.214) are the main influencing factors. (3) According to the absolute values of the regression coefficients, it can be seen that the magnitude of the influence of different factors on the quality of cultivated land is: Slope (0.089) >IGR (0.025) > Urbanization rate (0.002) > TAMP (0.001) > Pesticide use (1.96e-006). (4) Based on the spatial pattern presented by the spatial autocorrelation results, we proposed corresponding protection zoning measures to provide more scientific reference decisions and technical support for the implementation of refined cultivated land management in Henan Province. </p>
Annotated genomes of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from wild and cultivated cranberry bogs
<p><em>Pseudomonas</em> spp. were isolated from rhizospheres of wild and cultivated cranberry bogs in southeastern Massachusetts. Genomes were translated and annotated.</p>
Gene flow between wild trees and cultivated varieties shapes the genetic structure of sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) populations
<p>The sweet chestnut orchards (<em>Castanea sativa</em> Mill.) are traditionally planted in the northern Adriatic region. This study investigates their population structure, as well as the genetic background of three toponymous clonal varieties. Six genomic simple sequence repeat (gSSR) and nine EST-derived SSR (EST-SSR) loci were utilized in this study. We have identified five closely related clones, which represent a singular, polyclonal marron variety, found in all three cultivation areas, acompanied by many hybrids, resulting from the breeding between cultivated and wild chestnuts. </p>
Selection strategies to introgress water deficit tolerance derived from Solanum galapagense accession LA1141 into cultivated tomato (datasets)
<p>This dataset includes best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) used for composite interval mapping in the LA1141 × OH8245 BC<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> families (tab - BC2S3_BLUP_data_for_CIM), greenhouse data corresponding to the BC<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub> advanced lines (tab - BC2S5_GH_trial), and field performance data corresponding to the BC<sub>2</sub>S<sub>5</sub> advanced lines (tab - BC2S5_Field_Trial).</p>
Study of the genetic and phenotypic variation among wild and cultivated clary sages provides interesting avenues for breeding programs of a perfume, medicinal and aromatic plant
<p>A road-map of the genetic and phenotypic diversities in both crops and their wild-related species can help identifying valuable genetic resources for further crop breeding. The clary sage (<em>Salvia sclarea L.</em>), a perfume, medicinal and aromatic plant, is used for sclareol production and ornamental purposes. Despite its wide use in the field of cosmetics, the phenotypic and genetic diversity of wild and cultivated clary sage remains to be explored. We characterized the genetic and phenotypic variation of a collection of six wild <em>S. sclarea</em> populations from Croatia, sampled along an altitudinal gradient, and of populations of three <em>S. sclarea</em> cultivars. We showed low level of genetic diversity for the two <em>S. sclarea</em> traditional cultivars used for essential oil production and for ornamental purposes, respectively. In contrast, a recent cultivar resulting from new breeding methods, which involve hybridizations among several genotypes rather than traditional recurrent selection and self-crosses over time, showed high genetic diversity. We also observed a marked phenotypic differentiation for the ornamental clary sage compared with other cultivated and wild clary sages. Instead, the two cultivars used for essential oil production, a traditional and a recent, respectively, were not phenotypically differentiated from the wild Croatian populations. Our results also featured some wild populations with high sclareol content and early-flowering phenotypes as good candidates for future breeding programs. This study opens up perspectives for basic research aiming at understanding the impact of breeding methods on clary sage evolution, and highlights interesting avenues for clary breeding programs.</p>
An underwater Serengeti: Seagrass-mediated effects on intake and cultivation grazing behavior of a marine megaherbivore
<p>Populations of green turtles (<em>Chelonia mydas</em>), a megaherbivore that consumes seagrasses via cultivation grazing, are recovering worldwide. Information on plant-mediated effects on herbivore foraging behavior is critical to understanding plant-herbivore interactions and sustainability of grazing as ecosystems continue to change. In a Caribbean seagrass ecosystem, we use stationary cameras and benthic surveys to evaluate effects of seagrass morphology and leaf nitrogen content on green turtle grazing behavior. Thalassia testudinum leaf morphology has significant effects on forage intake (mg dry mass [DM] min-1) for green turtles, whereas leaf nitrogen content has no effect. Intake increases in grazed areas with shorter leaves and higher leaf biomass concentration (mg DM cm-3), indicating more efficient foraging under these conditions. Bite rate (bites min-1) increases in grazed areas with short leaves, a result of reduced search time. Bite size (mg DM bite-1) increases in grazed areas with short but dense canopies, because a turtle crops more shoots with each bite. Increased foraging efficiency and reduced search time in grazed areas with high biomass concentrations collectively maximize intake. Ingested leaves are shorter than the mean height of all available leaves in grazed areas, indicating herbivore selection for shorter leaves. Our estimate for daily intake is 86.1 g DM d-1 per 33-kg turtle. Our study provides a novel contribution on the effects of plant-level cues on the grazing behavior of a marine megaherbivore, and how cultivation grazing behavior optimizes the green turtle foraging strategy by maximizing foraging efficiency and intake.</p>
Evidence of an additional center of apple domestication in Iran, with contributions from the Caucasian crab apple <i>Malus orientalis</I> Uglitzk. to the cultivated apple gene pool
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Divergence processes in crop-wild fruit tree complexes in pivotal regions for plant domestication such as the Caucasus and Iran remain little studied. We investigated anthropogenic and natural divergence processes in apples in these regionsusing 26 microsatellite markers amplified in 550 wild and cultivated samples. We found two genetically distinct cultivated populations in Iran that are differentiated from <em>Malus domestica</em>, the standard cultivated apple worldwide. Coalescent-based inferences showed that these two cultivated populations originated from specific domestication events of <em>Malus orientalis</em> in Iran. We found evidence of substantial wild-crop and crop-crop gene flow in the Caucasus and Iran, as has been described in apple in Europe. In addition, we identified seven genetically differentiated populations of wild apple (<em>M. orientalis</em>), not introgressed by the cultivated apple. Niche modeling combined with genetic diversity estimates indicated that these wild populations likely resulted from range changes during past glaciations. This study identifies Iran as a key region in the domestication of apple and <em>M. orientalis</em> as an additional contributor to the cultivated apple gene pool. Domestication of the apple tree therefore involved multiple origins of domestication in different geographic locations and substantial crop-wild hybridization, as found in other fruit trees. This study also highlights the impact of climate change on the natural divergence of a wild fruit tree and provides a starting point for apple conservation and breeding programs in the Caucasus and Iran.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Microsatellite genotyping data for <em>M. orientalis</em>, <em>M. sieversii</em> from Kazakhstan, <em>M. domestica</em> and <em>M. baccata</em> were from previously published studies, including: 207 <em>M. orientalis</em> individuals from Turkey, Armenia and Russia (23 sites, Tables S1 and S2, (Cornille et al., 2013; Cornille et al., 2012)), four apple cultivars from Armenia, 40 “pure” European cultivated <em>M. domestica</em> individuals (<em>i.e.</em>, not introgressed by <em>M. sylvestris</em>) (Tables S1 and S2, (Cornille et al., 2013, 2012)), 20 <em>M. sieversii</em> individuals from Kazakhstan (Cornille et al., 2013) and 22 <em>M. baccata</em> individuals from Russia (Cornille et al., 2012). We collected 257 new samples in 2017 in Iran and in 2018 in Kyrgyzstan (<em>M. sieversii</em>) for this study: 167 <em>M. orientalis</em> individuals from the Hyrcanian Forests and the Zagros region in Iran (Table S1), 48 local Iranian apple cultivars from the <em>Seed and Plant Improvement Institute</em> (Karaj, Iran) (Table S1) and 42 <em>M. sieversii</em> individuals from Kyrgyzstan. Note that for 18 of the 48 local Iranian samples, fruit size was measured (Table S1). Collections meet the requirements of the recently enacted Nagoya protocol on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits. Thus, a total of 550 individuals were analyzed, comprising 374 <em>M. orientalis</em>, 48 Iranian and four Armenian apple cultivars, 40 European apple cultivars belonging to <em>M. domestica, </em>62<em> M. sieversii </em>(from Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan) and 22<em> M. baccata</em> individuals (details are provided in Table S1).</p> <p>DNA from the new samples (<em>N </em>= 257) was extracted from dried leaves with the NucleoSpin plant II DNA extraction kit (Macherey & Nagel, Düren, Germanyâ) following the manufacturer’s instructions. Multiplex microsatellite PCR amplifications were performed with a multiplex PCR kit (Qiagen Inc.â) for 26 microsatellite markers as previously described (Cornille et al., 2012; Patocchi, Frei, Frey, & Kellerhals, 2009). Note that on each DNA plate, we included three controls, <em>i.e.,</em> one sample of <em>M. orientalis, </em>one of <em>M. sieversii</em> and one of <em>M. domestica</em> for which data were already available (Cornille et al., 2013). Genotypes of the controls were compared with the 2013 dataset. We retained only multilocus genotypes for which < 20 % of the data was missing. The suitability of these markers for population genetics analyses has been demonstrated in previous studies (Cornille et al., 2013; Cornille, Gladieux, & Giraud, 2013; Cornille et al., 2012). </p> <p>Software used</p> <p>-STRUCTURE <a href="https://web.stanford.edu/group/pritchardlab/structure.html">https://web.stanford.edu/group/pritchardlab/structure.html</a></p> <p>-ABCtoolbox: <a href="http://cmpg.unibe.ch/software/ABCtoolbox/">http://cmpg.unibe.ch/software/ABCtoolbox/</a></p> <p>-fastsimcoal2 <a href="http://cmpg.unibe.ch/software/fastsimcoal27/">http://cmpg.unibe.ch/software/fastsimcoal27/</a></p> <p>-Genepop: <a href="https://genepop.curtin.edu.au/">https://genepop.curtin.edu.au</a></p> <p>-R software</p>
Data from: Pre-domestication bottlenecks of the cultivated seaweed Gracilaria chilensis
<p><em><span>Gracilaria</span></em><span><em> chilensis</em> is the main cultivated seaweed in Chile.</span> <span>The low genetic diversity observed in the Chilean population has been associated with the over-exploitation of natural beds and/or the founder effect that occurred during the post-glacial colonization from New Zealand. How these processes have affected its evolutionary trajectory before farming and incipient domestication is poorly understood. </span><span>In this study, we used 2,232 SNPs to assess how the species' evolutionary history in New Zealand (its region of origin), the founder effect linked to transoceanic dispersion and colonization of South America, and the recent over-exploitation of natural populations have influenced the genetic architecture of <em>G</em>. <em>chilensis</em> in Chile. The contrasting patterns of genetic diversity and structure observed between the two main islands in New Zealand attest to the important effects of Quaternary glacial cycles on <em>G</em>. <em>chilensis</em>. ABC analyses indicated that Chatham Island and South America were colonized independently near the end of the Last Glacial Maximum and emphasized the importance of coastal and oceanic currents during that period. Furthermore, ABC analyses inferred the existence of a recent and strong genetic bottleneck in Chile, matching the period of over-exploitation of the natural beds during the 1970s, followed by rapid demographic expansion linked to active clonal propagation used in farming. Recurrent genetic bottlenecks strongly eroded the genetic diversity of <em>G</em>. <em>chilensis</em> prior to its cultivation, raising important challenges for the management of genetic resources in this incipiently domesticated species. </span></p>
Datasets for article: "Growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato Solanum lycopersicum L grown in sewage-based compost in a semi-hydroponic cultivation system"
<p>These are datasets for the article "<a href="https://url6649.tandfonline.com/ls/click?upn=odl8Fji2pFaByYDqV3bjGMQo8st9of2228V6AcSFNq3t86qU90pAx-2BEad4OTI0D6N9KC9sSb13y7BPhSaI63naXaZgVk1tHid9RTOJaM-2BnU-3D7KXJ_7lAorwd83bcaLkCsHwQvGOB9-2B-2BBAnxWbMvsKY6LNfdeMZIZaDBN1qcEGaoB68Zm3oQJMrVyC4lonL7Ijzn3jC4mP-2Bn0By4CgI-2Fsl-2BpH9f-2FkHHDAmcaic3SupThlJumHH0OlnLYxK7sBZVFoAIGTbzWYuCGoTD1OiI-2B9hCV2q3oeUlwNt7LmUWEphiiU2jLHJPhc-2BtmWrqknunT7zsH-2BOotCufae3hHE9Cd6sCbxN0xWhC1N6Eabvq83S0YBORSx-2FVsTVIIbd0BQgD74rizmahhXmrvA5f9Q8Ac7C8oSBVeY-3D">Growth, yield and fruit quality of tomato Solanum lycopersicum L grown in sewage-based compost in a semi-hydroponic cultivation system</a> "</p>
Script and Data to support Cultivating villa economies
<p>R script and data to support analysis in 'Cultivating villa economies: archaeobotanical and isotopic evidence for Iron Age to Roman agricultural practices on the chalk downlands of southern Britain'.</p> <p> </p> <p>DERP.isotope.vis.R produces in text Figures 6, 8 and 9, in text Table 1</p> <p>DERP_abot.R produces in text Figures 2,3 and 4, Supplementary Table 2</p> <p>DERP_isotope_stat.R produces results for Supplementary Table 5 and 6.</p> <p>Weed.meta provides data for DERP_abot.R. It contains autecological values for archaeobotanical taxa used in the analysis.</p> <p>DERP.abot.xlsx is standardised archaeobotanical data from Danebury, Danebury Evirons and Danebury Environs Roman sites, published in: </p> <ul> <li>Jones M (1984) The plant remains. In: Cunlife B (ed) Danebury: an Iron Age Hillfort in Hampshire Volume 2: the Excavations, 1969-1978: the Finds. Council for British Archaeology Research Report 52, London, pp 483–95</li> <li> <p>Campbell G (2000) Plant utilization: the evidence from charred plant remains. In: Cunliffe B (ed) The Danebury Environs Programme. The Prehistory of a Wessex Landscape. Institute of Archaeology, Oxford, pp 45–59</p> </li> <li> <p>Campbell G (2008) Charred plant remains. In: Cunliffe B (ed) The Danebury Environs Roman Programme: a Wessex Landscape During the Roman era Volume 2 pt. 3. Fullerton, Hants, 2000 and 2001. English Heritage and Oxford University School of Archaeology, Oxford, pp 161–164</p> </li> </ul> <p> </p>
Quantitative modelling of nutrient-limited growth of bacterial colonies in microfluidic cultivation
<p>Data for "Quantitative modelling of nutrient-limited growth of bacterial colonies in microfluidic cultivation"</p> <p> </p> <p>GrowthChannelExperiments contains the data-folders of the following growth channel experiments:<br> ***********************************************************************************************</p> <p>Name Feeding Concentration [in units of 0.195mM PCA]<br> nd004_series1 0.5<br> nd004_series2 0.5<br> nd004_series3 0.5<br> nd004_series4 2.0<br> nd004_series5 2.0<br> nd004_series6 2.0<br> nd004_series7 3.0<br> nd004_series8 3.0<br> nd112_series2 0.25<br> nd112_series3 0.25<br> nd112_series7 3.0<br> nd112_series8 3.0</p> <p>Every folder contains:<br> - a tif-file with captured image series<br> - a PIV*-folder with four PIV-files for every frame pair. The four files belong to intermediate results of the multistep PIV. The final PIV-result is given in the file step2*.dat.nmt.<br> The PIV result will be stored in a plain text file. Each line in this file correspond to each PIV vector and comprised of 16 columns:<br> x y ux1 uy1 mag1 ang1 p1 ux2 uy2 mag2 ang2 p2 ux0 uy0 mag0 flag<br> -- (x,y) is the position of the vector (center of the interrogation window).<br> -- ux1, uy1 are the x and y component of the vector (displacement) obtained from the 1st correlation peak.<br> -- mag1 is the magnitude (norm) of the vector.<br> -- ang1, is the angle between the current vector and the vector interpolated from previous PIV iteration.<br> -- p1 is the correlation value of the 1st peak.<br> -- ux2,uy2,mag2,ang2,p2 are the values for the vector obtained from the 2nd correlation peak.<br> -- ux0, uy0, mag0 are the vector value at (x,y) interpolated from previous PIV iteration.<br> -- flag is a column used for mark whether this vector value is interpolated (marked as 999) or switched between 1st and 2nd peak (marked as 21), or invalid (-1). <br> According to the PIV-Fiji-plugin as provided by Qingzong Tseng, used also in : <br> Tseng, Q. et al. Spatial organization of the extracellular matrix regulates cell-cell junction positioning. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 109, 1506–1511 (2012)<br> - two traj*.dat files, belonging to particle positions of the corresponding simulation with monod/teissier uptake. <br> Columns correspond to <br> 1 : time | 2 : cellID | 3 : rx | 4 : ry | 5 : rz | 6: species | 7 : vx | 8 : vy | 9 : vz | 10 : fx | 11 : fy | 12 : fz | 13 : B(g) |<br> -- rx,ry,rz 3D coordinates of particle<br> -- species is either 0 (living cell) or 1 (wall-particle)<br> -- vx,vy,vz 3D velocity of particle<br> -- fx,fy,fz 3D force of particle<br> -- B(g) growth force constant dependent on local g-concentration<br> Note that due to the simulation being 2D, rx=constant and vx=0=fx.<br> - two g*.dat files, belonging to nutrient concentrations of the corresponding simulation with monod/teissier uptake. <br> Columns correspond to <br> 1 : time | 2 : gridx | 3 : gridy | 4 : gridz | 5 : g-conc | 6: kcons | 7 : kprod | 8: Dlocal |<br> -- gridx,gridy,gridz coordinates of lattice side<br> -- kcons local nutrient consumption rate<br> -- kprod local nutrient production rate (always zero)<br> -- Dlocal local diffusion constant</p> <p> </p> <p>GrowthChamberExperiments contains the the data-folders of the following growth chamber experiments:<br> ***************************************************************************************************</p> <p>Name Feeding Concentration [in units of 0.195mM PCA]<br> nd143_xy009 1.0<br> nd143_xy013 1.0<br> nd143_xy025 1.0<br> nd143_xy032 1.0<br> nd143_xy059 1.0<br> nd143_xy060 1.0<br> nd143_xy061 1.0<br> nd143_xy165 0.1<br> nd143_xy184 0.1<br> nd143_xy214 0.1</p> <p>Every folder contains:<br> - a tif-file with captured image series<br> - five traj*.dat files, belonging to particle positions of the corresponding simulation with monod-uptake and five different ratios of the diffusion constants in- and outside the colony.<br> - five g*.dat files, belonging to nutrient concentrations of the corresponding simulation with monod-uptake and five different ratios of the diffusion constants in- and outside the colony.</p>
Comparative histology of abscission zones reveals the extent of convergence and divergence in seed shattering in weedy and cultivated rice
<p>The modification of seed shattering has been a recurring theme in rice evolution. The wild ancestor of cultivated rice disperses its seeds, but reduced shattering was selected during multiple domestication events to facilitate harvesting. Conversely, selection for increased shattering occurred during the evolution of weedy rice, a weed invading cultivated rice fields that has originated multiple times from domesticated ancestors. Shattering requires formation of a tissue known as the abscission zone (AZ), but how the AZ has been modified throughout rice evolution is unclear. We quantitatively characterized the AZ characteristics of relative length, discontinuity, and intensity in 86 cultivated and weedy rice accessions. We reconstructed AZ evolutionary trajectories and determined the degree of convergence among different cultivated varieties and among independent weedy rice populations. AZ relative length emerged as the feature best distinguishing high and low shattering rice. Cultivated varieties differed in average AZ morphology, revealing lack of convergence in how shattering reduction was achieved during domestication. In contrast, weedy rice populations typically converged on complete AZs, irrespective of origin. By examining AZ population-level morphology, our study reveals its evolutionary plasticity, and suggests that the genetic potential to modify the ecologically and agronomically important trait of shattering is plentiful in rice lineages.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.