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369 results for “Cranial morphology”
Figure 8 in Aspects of the functional morphology in the cranial and cervical skeleton of the sabre-toothed cat Paramachairodus ogygia (Kaup, 1832) (Felidae, Machairodontinae) from the Late Miocene of Spain: implications for the origins of the machairodont killing bite
Figure 8. Composite reconstruction of the skull, mandible and cervical vertebrae of Paramachairodus ogygia, based on material of several individuals from Batallones-1, showing the inferred position of the main cranio-cervical muscles relevant to the canine shear-bite (artwork by M. Antón).
Figure 9 in Aspects of the functional morphology in the cranial and cervical skeleton of the sabre-toothed cat Paramachairodus ogygia (Kaup, 1832) (Felidae, Machairodontinae) from the Late Miocene of Spain: implications for the origins of the machairodont killing bite
Figure 9. Photographs of first to seventh cervical vertebrae (C1-C7) (anterior to left) in dorsal view. A, Paramachairodus ogygia from Batallones-1, respectively, B-4561, B-5407, B-744 (5), B-5458, B-5459, B-707 (12) and B-707 (12) (the latter have the same number); B, Panthera pardus, 1599.
Figure 2. Cranial character states. A in The phylogeny and taxonomy of Hippopotamidae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla): a review based on morphology and cladistic analysis
Figure 2. Cranial character states. A, ventral view of a Hippopotamus amphibius skull. B, ventral view of a Hexaprotodon liberiensis skull. C, Schematic view of Hex. harvardi tympanic bulla area. D, Schematic view of A. ulnifer glenoid articular area. E, Three dorsal views of different bone contacts in the lachrymal area (from bottom to top: in Hex. harvardi, in Hex. protamphibius, in Hip. amphibius). A1 and A2 are Hex. liberiensis autapomorphies (see text).
Data from: Morphological disparity and evolutionary rates of cranial and postcranial characters in sloths (Mammalia, Pilosa, Folivora)
<p>Sloth morphological evolution has been widely studied qualitatively, with comparative anatomy and morpho-functional approaches, or through quantitative assessments of morphological variation using morphometrics. Only recently, however, have folivoran morphological disparity and evolutionary rates begun to be evaluated using discrete character data. Nonetheless, patterns of morphological evolution in separate character partitions have not been investigated, neither the relative influence of, on the one hand, phylogeny, and on the other, dietary and locomotory adaptations of sloths. Here we evaluate those patterns using a phylomorphospace approach, quantifying morphological disparity and evolutionary rates, and investigating possible drivers of morphological evolution for cranial and postcranial characters in Folivora. The evolution of the morphology in those partitions is associated with distinct patterns of disparity among clades and ecological groups, even though the two partitions do not differ substantially in overall evolutionary tempo. Historical processes shaped the morphological evolution of sloths more consistently than ecological ones, although changes in postcranial characters also seem to be associated with locomotory adaptations, in which morphological convergences were much more common. We also discuss important methodological trade-offs in investigations of partitioned datasets mostly composed of fossil taxa.</p>
FIG. 54 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 54. Drawing of anterior part of skull of?Didymoconidae: A. dorsal, B. ventral, and C. left lateral views (based on IVPP V7441).
FIG. 51 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 51. Drawing of temporal region of skull of Naranius hengdongensis, sp. n. (based on IVPP V 5353).
FIG. 47 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 47. Skull and lower jaw of Naranius hengdongensis, sp. n., IVPP V5352: A. right lateral, B. left lateral, C. dorsal, and D. right dorsal-lateral views.
FIG. 44 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 44. Anterior part of skull of Naranius hengdongensis, sp. n., IVPP V7440: A. right lateral, B. left lateral, and C. dorsal views.
FIG. 38. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 38. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797, skull and postcranial bones: A. ventral and B. dorsal views of skull, showing preservation before preparation.
FIG. 53 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 53. Anterior part of skull of?Didymoconidae, IVPP V7441: A. ventral, B. dorsal, and C. left lateral views.
FIG. 46 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 46. Lower jaws of Naranius hengdongensis, sp. n., IVPP V7439: A. stereophotograph of left lower jaw in occlusal view; B. lingual view of left lower jaw; C. labial view of left lower jaw; D. stereophotograph of right lower jaw in occlusal view; E. lingual view of right lower jaw; F. labial view of right lower jaw.
FIG. 50 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 50. Skull of Naranius hengdongensis, sp. n., IVPP V7439: A. right lateral and B. left lateral views.
FIG. 39. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 39. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5797: A. left femur; B. right pelvic girdle; C. rib; D. right tibia.
FIG. 34. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7454 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 34. Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V7454, stereophotograph of right ear region in A. turning lateral side to ventral and B. ventral views.
FIG. 48 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 48. Skull and lower jaw of Naranius hengdongensis, sp. n., IVPP V5353: A. ventral, B. dorsal, C. left lateral, and D. right lateral views.
FIG. 55 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 55. Anterior part of skull of?Insectivora, uncertain, IVPP V7442: A. ventral, B. dorsal, and C. right lateral views.
FIG. 56 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 56. Majority rule consensus tree (cut-off = 50, tree length = 983, consistency index = 0.389, retention index = 0.461 from 35 equally parsimonious trees discovered by TNT (New Technology search using Sectorial Search, Ratchet, and Tree fusing, setting Find minimum length at 1000 times) (Goloboff and Catalando, 2016).
FIG. 52 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 52. Naranius hengdongensis sp. n., IVPP V7439, stereophotograph of left ear region in ventral view.
FIG. 24 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 24. Drawing of Hsiangolestes youngi skull: A. dorsal, B. ventral, and C. lateral views (based on IVPP V5792 with reference of others).
FIG. 18 in Cranial And Postcranial Morphology Of The Insectivoran-Grade Mammals Hsiangolestes And Naranius (Mammalia, Eutheria) With Analyses Of Their Phylogenetic Relationships
FIG. 18. Anterior part of skull of Hsiangolestes youngi, IVPP V5802: A. left lateral and B. right lateral views.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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