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371 results for “Ecology and Evolution”
Data for Shackleton et al. (2016) Ecology and Evolution
<p>Data for Shackleton et al. 2016. Quality versus quantity: Foraging decisions in the honeybee<br> (<em>Apis mellifera scutellata</em>) feeding on wildflower nectar and fruit juice. Ecology and Evolution (accepted).</p> <p>Sheet 1 has data for bees gaining weight while foraging on three resources.</p> <p>Sheet 2 has data for crop sugar contents of foraging bees on three resources.</p> <p>Sheet 3 has data for the visitation rate of foraging bees on three resources.</p> <p>Sheet 4 has data for the time budgets of foraging bees on three resources.</p> <p>Sheet 5 has weight and crop sugar concentration data for bees returning to hives.</p> <p>Sheet 6 has data for the number of foragers throughout the day on three resources.</p>
Dataset accompanying Batáry et al. 2017 Nature Ecology & Evolution
<p>Dataset containing species richness and abundance of plants, carabids, spiders and rove beetles, and environmental background<br> data. For details please see the original publication:<br> Batáry, P., Gallé, R., Riesch, R., Fischer, C., Dormann, C.F., Mußhoff, O., Császár, P., Fusaro, S., Gayer, C., Happe, A.-K.,<br> Kurucz, K., Molnár, D., Rösch, V., Wietzke, A., Tscharntke, T. (2017). The former iron curtain still drives biodiversity-profit<br> trade-offs in German agriculture. Nature Ecology & Evolution. DOI: 10.1038/s41559-017-0272-x</p>
Data, Metadata, R-codes and R data files for publication "Comparative ungulate diversity and biomass change with human use and drought: implications for community stability and protected area prioritization in African savannas" by Bartzke et al. in Ecology and Evolution
<p>These files contain data and metadata for modeling ungulate diversity and biomass in the Maasai Mara ecosystem in Kenya in the drought year of 1999 and a year with normal rainfall, 2002. The files also contain R codes and R data files.</p> <p>Metadata.pdf: Metadata for files "mc_333m.csv" and "mc_1km.csv"</p> <p>mc_333m.csv: A data file for 333-meter-by-333-meter sub-blocks.</p> <p>prepare_data.r: R code to impute missing vegetation records in 333-meter-by-333-meter subblocks and summarize the data over 1-kilometer-by-1-kilometer blocks for analysis.</p> <p>krige_vegetation.RData: An R data file containing the imputed vegetation records.</p> <p>mc_1km.csv: A data file for 1-kilometer-by-1-kilometer blocks for analysis.</p> <p>mc_1km.r: R code for modeling ungulate diversity and biomass; mc_1km_mod.RData: An R data file for loading the ungulate diversity and biomass models.</p> <p>mc_1km.RData: An R data file containing model predictions of ungulate diversity and biomass.</p> <p>mc_1km_plots.r: R code for plotting model predictions of ungulate diversity and biomass.</p> <p>MMNR_boundary.shp: A shapefile of the Maasai Mara National Reserve boundary in Kenya and associated files. These files are used for plotting the predictions of ungulate diversity and biomass.</p> <p>MMNR_border.zip: A shapefile and associated files for the Maasai Mara National Reserve border with Tanzania. These files are also used for plotting predictions of ungulate diversity and biomass.</p>
FIGS 4 in species of Australian cockroaches in the genus Paratemnopteryx Saussure (Blattaria, Blattellidae, Blattellinae), and a discussion of some behavioural observations with respect to the evolution and ecology of cave life
FIGS 4±8. Paratemnopteryx kookabinnensi s sp. n., male: (4) pronotum; (5) right tegmen; (6) setal gland on ®rst abdominal tergum; (7) supraanal plate and paraprocts, ventral view; (8) subgenital plate, styles, and phallomeres, dorsal view. Scale bars represent 1 mm.
FIGS 9 in species of Australian cockroaches in the genus Paratemnopteryx Saussure (Blattaria, Blattellidae, Blattellinae), and a discussion of some behavioural observations with respect to the evolution and ecology of cave life
FIGS 9±13. Paratemnopteryx rosensis sp. n., male: (9) right tegmen; (10) right hind wing; (11) setal gland on seventh abdominal tergum; (12) supraanal plate and paraprocts, ventral view; (13) subgenital plate, styles, and phallomeres, dorsal view. Scale bars represent 1 mm.
FIGS. 1 in species of Australian cockroaches in the genus Paratemnopteryx Saussure (Blattaria, Blattellidae, Blattellinae), and a discussion of some behavioural observations with respect to the evolution and ecology of cave life
FIGS. 1±3. (1) Paratemnopteryx broomehillensis Roth, male, hind margin of supraanal plate with deep U-shaped indentation, dorsal view. (2) Pronotum widest near the middle e.g. Paratemnopteryx suOEuscula Roth, male, dorsal view. (3) Hind margin of supraanal plate rounded or convex e.g. Paratemnopteryx atra Princis, male, dorsal view. Scale bars represent 1 mm.
Data from: Redesign of a life cycle figure improves student conceptions of ecology and evolution
<p>Life cycle diagrams communicate the developmental life stages of an organism. Design choices may inadvertently communicate additional information about survivorship rates, genetic variation, and microevolutionary change. In this controlled experiment, we randomly assigned one of three life cycle diagrams to 684 college students. Each figure included identical life stages of a fictitious organism's development but differed in 1) number of offspring (single or multiple) and 2) layout (cyclical or linear). Each participant could reference the figure when answering questions about organism survival, variation among offspring, and variation between generations. Students scored 21–37% higher on questions about survivorship when the available diagram included multiple offspring. Students scored 19–30% higher on questions about microevolution when the diagram layout was linear. Overall, students who received the figure with a linear layout and multiple offspring earned the highest average score (54.5%, or 3.3 of 6 questions) on the assessment, while students with the traditional figure (cyclical layout with single offspring) scored the lowest average (26.1%, or 1.6 of 6 questions). These results suggest that figure design affects student interpretations and may assist student learning about ecology and evolution concepts and common misconceptions.</p>
Evolution of Castanea in North America: RADseq and ecological modeling reveal a history of radiation, range shifts, and disease
<p><b>Premise of the Study: </b>Chestnuts and chinquapins are some of the best known and most widely loved of any plants in North America. Despite the fame of this clade, relatively little genomic sequencing has been done, and much is still unknown about their evolution. </p> <p><b>Methods: </b>Here we use ddRAD data to infer the species-level phylogeny for <i>Castanea </i>and assess the phylogeography of the North American species using samples collected from populations that span the full extent of the species' ranges. We also construct species distribution models using digitized herbarium specimens and observational data from field surveys. </p> <p><b>Key Results: </b>We identified strong population structure within <i>Castanea dentata</i> (American Chestnut) that reflects a stepwise northern migration since the last glacial maximum. Our species distribution models further confirm this scenario and match closely with the <i>Castanea</i> fossil pollen record. We also found significant structure within the <i>Castanea pumila</i> lineage, most notably a genetic cluster that corresponds to the frequently recognized "<i>Castanea pumila var. ozarkensis</i>."</p> <p><b>Conclusions: </b>The two North American <i>Castanea</i> species have contrasting patterns of population structure, but each is typical of plant phylogeography in North America. Within the <i>C. pumila</i> complex we find novel genetic structure that provides new insights to <i>C. pumila</i> taxonomy. Our results also identify a series of distinctive populations that will be valuable in on going efforts to conserve and restore the Chestnuts and Chinquapins in North America.</p>
Evolution of social organization: phylogenetic analyses of ecology and sexual selection in weavers
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Crook published a landmark study on the social organization of weavers (or weaverbirds, family Ploceidae) that contributed to the emergence of sociobiology, behavioral ecology, and phylogenetic comparative methods. By comparing ecology, spatial distribution, and mating systems, Crook suggested that the spatial distribution of food resources and breeding habitats influence weaver aggregation, both during the breeding season (colonial vs solitary breeding) and non-breeding season (flocking vs solitary foraging), and the food resources distribution and breeding aggregation of individuals in turn impact mating systems and sexual selection. Although Crook's study stimulated much follow-up research, his conclusions have not been scrutinized using phylogenetically controlled analyses. We revisited Crook's hypotheses using modern phylogenetic comparative methods and an extended dataset of 107 weaver species. We showed that both diet and habitat type are associated with spatial distribution and the latter predicts mating system, consistent with Crook's propositions. The best supported phylogenetic path model (PPA) also supported Crook's arguments, and uncovered a direct relationship between non-breeding distribution and mating system. Taken together, our phylogenetically corrected analyses confirm Crook's conjectures on the roles of ecology in social organizations of weavers; however, our analyses also uncovered an association between non-breeding distributions and mating systems, which was not envisaged by Crook.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Schneider et al. (2021). Predominantly eastward long-distance dispersal in pantropical Ochnaceae inferred from ancestral range estimation and phylogenomics. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.
<p>The data contains (a) DNA sequence alignments of concatenated nuclear loci, near-complete plastid genomes and plastid genomes with sites removed at a 10% gap threshold; (b) maximum clade credibility trees obtained from divergence time estimation in BEAST with each of the alignments; (c) area codings and the input tree (nuclear DNA only) for the ancestral area analysis in BioGeoBears.</p>
Rapid evolution of ecological sexual dimorphism driven by resource competition
<p>Sex differences in ecologically-important traits are common in animals and plants, and prompted Darwin to first propose an ecological cause of sexual dimorphism. Despite theoretical plausibility and Darwin's original notion, a role for ecological resource competition in the evolution of sexual dimorphism has never been directly demonstrated and remains controversial. I used experimental evolution in <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em> to test the hypothesis that resource competition can drive the evolution of sex differences in diet. Following just three generations of adaptation, offspring from flies evolved in low-resource, high-competition environments show elevated sexual dimorphism in diet preference compared to both the ancestor and populations evolved on high resource availability. This increased sexual dimorphism was the result of divergence in male sucrose intake and female yeast intake consistent with the differential nutritional requirements of the sexes. These results provide the first real-time direct evidence for evolution of sexual dimorphism driven by resource competition.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Wildish DJ (2017) Evolutionary ecology of driftwood talitrids: a review. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(2): 353-361. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.12582
Supplementary material 1 from: Wildish DJ (2017) Evolutionary ecology of driftwood talitrids: a review. Zoosystematics and Evolution 93(2): 353-361. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.93.12582
Figure 6 in An extensive review of mutualistic and similar ecological associations involving tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with a new hypothesis on the evolution of their hirsuteness
Figure 6. Associations between tarantulas and whip spiders, a harvestman and a snake. A. Sericopelma sp. sharing its retreat with an unidentified whip spider (marked with an arrow), La Chorrera, Panama. B. Megaphobema velvetosoma sharing its retreat with an unidentified whip spider (marked with an arrow), Yasuní National Park, Ecuador. C. Sericopelma sp. and Paraphrynus laevifrons, Santa María de Dota, San José Province, Costa Rica. D. Phormictopus cautus sharing its burrow with an unidentified whip spider, Vinales, Pinar del Río Province, Cuba. E. Sericopelma sp. sharing its retreat with an unidentified harvestman (marked with an arrow), Upala, Alajuela Province, Costa Rica. F. Brachypelma boehmei sharing its retreat with Sonora michoacanensis (marked with an arrow), Guerrero State, Mexico. Photo credits: John G. Phillips (A), Aidan Craner (B), Johnson Jou (C), José Garrido (D), Dan MacNeal (E), and Rick C. West (F).
Figure 8 in An extensive review of mutualistic and similar ecological associations involving tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with a new hypothesis on the evolution of their hirsuteness
Figure 8. Tarantulas living in termitaria. A. Avicularia juruensis, nr. Iquitos, Loreto, Peru. B. Vitalius dubius, Dona Amélia Farm, Santo Antônio de Possee, São Paulo, Brazil. C. Nhandu coloratovillosus, São Geraldo do Araguaia, Pará, Brazil. D. Nhandu coloratovillosus, Peixe, Tocantins, Brazil. E. Psalmopoeus cambridgei, Tamana Hill, Sangre Grande, Trinidad Island, West Indies. F. Brachionopus sp. with Trinervitermes sp., Ezemvelo Nature Reserve, Tshwane, Gauteng Province, South Africa. Photo credits: Alexey Yakovlev (A), Ivan Sazima (B), Fernando J.M. Rojas-Runjaic (C), Danté Fenolio (D), Sarah Crews (E), and Luke Goddard (F).
Figure 2. Associations between tarantulas and anurans. A in An extensive review of mutualistic and similar ecological associations involving tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with a new hypothesis on the evolution of their hirsuteness
Figure 2. Associations between tarantulas and anurans. A. Aphonopelma cf. armada and Gastrophryne sp., Burleson, Texas, USA. B. Aphonopelma seemanni and Engystomops pustulosus, Tamarindo, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. C. Nhandu carapoensis and Chiasmocleis albopunctata, Balneario Pinamar, Paraguarí, Paraguay. D. Aphonopelma hentzi and Gastrophryne olivacea, Double Helix Ranch, Pontotoc, Texas, USA. E. Aphonopelma anax and Gastrophryne sp., Brownsville, Cameron County, Texas, USA. F. Pamphobeteus sp., female with late instars, and Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata, Tambopata Reserve, Madre de Dios Region, Peru. B reproduced from Hooijer (2005), C reproduced from Bascoulés and Smith (2021). Photo credits: Kassy Myers (A), Alex Hooijer (B), Sébastien Bascoulès (C), David Hillis (D), John Edward (E), and Reginald Cocroft (F).
Figure 9 in An extensive review of mutualistic and similar ecological associations involving tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with a new hypothesis on the evolution of their hirsuteness
Figure 9. Nesiergus insulanus living in drywood termite frass (Kalotermitidae) on Frégate Island, Seychelles. A. Decaying palm tree with a retreat (marked by an arrow). B. Same, detailed view of the retreat. C, E. Fallen decayed palm tree with retreats (marked by arrows). D, F. Same, detailed views of the retreats. A and F reproduced from Canning et al. (2014). Photo credits: Greg Canning.
Figure 12. Slit-like cuticular pores representing epidermal gland openings. A, B in An extensive review of mutualistic and similar ecological associations involving tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with a new hypothesis on the evolution of their hirsuteness
Figure 12. Slit-like cuticular pores representing epidermal gland openings. A, B. Ephebopus cyanognathus West and Marshall, 2000, palpal femur, with urticating setae and one gland opening (marked with an arrow). C, D. Exuvia of juvenile Ephebopus cyanognathus, abdomen. E. Psalmopoeus sp., dorsal side of metatarsus. F. Liphistius sp., a slit sensillum (large) and several gland openings (small, one marked with an arrow). Photo credits: Rainer Foelix. Scale bars: 0.01 mm.
Figure 4 in An extensive review of mutualistic and similar ecological associations involving tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with a new hypothesis on the evolution of their hirsuteness
Figure 4. Associations between tarantulas and anurans, continued. A. Sericopelma sp. and Engystomops pustulosus, nr. La Soledad, Veraguas Province, Panama. B. Pterinochilus sp. and Sclerophrys sp., Mana Pools NP, Zimbabwe. C. Ceratogyrus darlingi and Sclerophrys sp., South Africa. D. Orphnaecus sp., juvenile (marked with an arrow, the adult female not in the frame), and Rhinella marina, Sison, Pangasinan, Philippines. E. Poecilotheria fasciata and Uperodon taprobanica, Eluwankulama, Puttalam, Sri Lanka. E reproduced from Karunarathna et al. (2012). Photo credits: Martin Hüsser (A), Delwin Eggers (B, C), Darrell Camacho (D), and Suranjan Karunarathna (E).
Figure 3 in An extensive review of mutualistic and similar ecological associations involving tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with a new hypothesis on the evolution of their hirsuteness
Figure 3. Associations between tarantulas and anurans, continued. A. Aphonopelma armada and Gastrophryne olivacea, Austin, Texas, USA. B, C. Aphonopelma hentzi and Gastrophryne olivacea (marked with an arrow), Bandera County, Texas, USA. D. Aphonopelma hentzi and Gastrophryne olivacea, Bexar County, Texas. Photo credits: Kenneth Bader (A), Alec Gaudiesus (B), Alejandro Santillana (C), and Josh Benavidez (D).
Figure 10 in An extensive review of mutualistic and similar ecological associations involving tarantulas (Araneae: Theraphosidae), with a new hypothesis on the evolution of their hirsuteness
Figure 10. Egg sacs of theraphosids, heavily covered in protective urticating setae. A, B. Intact and opened egg sac of Megaphobema velvetosoma, Loreto, Peru. C. Female Tekoapora wacketi (MelloLeitão, 1923) with her egg sac, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Photo credits: Rick C. West (A, B) and Ivan Sazima (C).
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.